Browse Articles

Filters ​

  • Editorial |

    As the COVID-19 pandemic halts many research cruise activities, exploration of the oceans by autonomous vehicles continues, highlighting the strengths of robotic research, but also the limitations.

  • Article |

    Aerosol particles produced by biomass burning are ubiquitous in the remote troposphere, according to global airborne measurements over remote ocean regions.

    • G. P. Schill
    • , K. D. Froyd
    • , H. Bian
    • , A. Kupc
    • , C. Williamson
    • , C. A. Brock
    • , E. Ray
    • , R. S. Hornbrook
    • , A. J. Hills
    • , E. C. Apel
    • , M. Chin
    • , P. R. Colarco
    •  & D. M. Murphy

  • Article |

    Calcium carbonate formed in seagrass beds that is transported and dissolved in deeper waters offshore helps buffer coastal acidification in the Chesapeake Bay, according to geochemical modelling of a transect of carbonate chemistry measurements.

    • Jianzhong Su
    • , Wei-Jun Cai
    • , Jean Brodeur
    • , Baoshan Chen
    • , Najid Hussain
    • , Yichen Yao
    • , Chaoying Ni
    • , Jeremy M. Testa
    • , Ming Li
    • , Xiaohui Xie
    • , Wenfei Ni
    • , K. Michael Scaboo
    • , Yuan-yuan Xu
    • , Jeffrey Cornwell
    • , Cassie Gurbisz
    • , Michael S. Owens
    • , George G. Waldbusser
    • , Minhan Dai
    •  & W. Michael Kemp

  • Article |

    An artificial intelligence-based method may infill gaps in historical temperature data more effectively than conventional techniques. Application of this method reveals a stronger global warming trend between 1850 and 2018 than estimated previously.

    • Christopher Kadow
    • , David Matthew Hall
    •  & Uwe Ulbrich

  • Article |

    Long-term Himalayan erosion rates remained stable through the global climatic changes of the past six million years, according to the cosmogenic nuclide composition of terrestrial sediments recovered from the Bay of Bengal.

    • Sebastien J. P. Lenard
    • , Jérôme Lavé
    • , Christian France-Lanord
    • , Georges Aumaître
    • , Didier L. Bourlès
    •  & Karim Keddadouche

  • Article |

    Secondary air pollution events are enhanced in the Yangtze River delta, China, due to the interaction of long-range transport and aerosol–boundary layer feedback, according to a combination of observations and simulations of haze events from 2013 to 2018.

    • Xin Huang
    • , Aijun Ding
    • , Zilin Wang
    • , Ke Ding
    • , Jian Gao
    • , Fahe Chai
    •  & Congbin Fu

  • Article |

    Experimental mudflows under Martian surface conditions propagate similarly to terrestrial pahoehoe lava flows, suggesting mud (rather than igneous) volcanism can explain some flow morphologies on Mars.

    • Petr Brož
    • , Ondřej Krýza
    • , Lionel Wilson
    • , Susan J. Conway
    • , Ernst Hauber
    • , Adriano Mazzini
    • , Jan Raack
    • , Matthew R. Balme
    • , Matthew E. Sylvest
    •  & Manish R. Patel

  • Article |

    The Earth’s core may host most of the planet’s water inventory, according to calculations of the partitioning behaviour of water at conditions of core formation.

    • Yunguo Li
    • , Lidunka Vočadlo
    • , Tao Sun
    •  & John P. Brodholt

  • Editorial |

    The ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic highlights the very human effort that is peer review. We will continue to do all we can to keep the papers flowing and thank our reviewers and authors for their help and understanding under these difficult circumstances.

  • Article |

    High-elevation rivers in permafrost of the East Qinghai–Tibet Plateau are hotspots of methane emissions, according to measurements of methane fluxes in the region.

    • Liwei Zhang
    • , Xinghui Xia
    • , Shaoda Liu
    • , Sibo Zhang
    • , Siling Li
    • , Junfeng Wang
    • , Gongqin Wang
    • , Hui Gao
    • , Zhenrui Zhang
    • , Qingrui Wang
    • , Wu Wen
    • , Ran Liu
    • , Zhifeng Yang
    • , Emily H. Stanley
    •  & Peter A. Raymond

  • Article |

    Continued deoxygenation of the oceans will probably lead to enhanced demand for iron, as implied by the abundance of an iron-rich enzyme in the mesopelagic waters of the Pacific.

    • Mak A. Saito
    • , Matthew R. McIlvin
    • , Dawn M. Moran
    • , Alyson E. Santoro
    • , Chris L. Dupont
    • , Patrick A. Rafter
    • , Jaclyn K. Saunders
    • , Drishti Kaul
    • , Carl H. Lamborg
    • , Marian Westley
    • , Frederica Valois
    •  & John B. Waterbury

  • News & Views |

    The morphology and geometry of the plate interface in a subduction zone is heterogeneous and influenced by lower-plate normal faulting, suggests an analysis of seismic data. These properties of subduction interfaces may influence how the largest earthquakes occur.

    • Matt J. Ikari

  • News & Views |

    A revised age reconstruction suggests marine-based regions of the Eurasian Ice Sheet melted rapidly, contributing to a major sea-level rise some 14,600 years ago. Such a rapid collapse of massive ice hints at the vulnerability of Earth’s remaining ice sheets.

    • Joseph D. Ortiz

  • Article |

    Marine-based sections of the Eurasian Ice Sheet collapsed rapidly during a warming event 14,600 years ago and contributed to the Meltwater Pulse 1A event, according to a recalibrated age model for sediments from the Norwegian Sea.

    • Jo Brendryen
    • , Haflidi Haflidason
    • , Yusuke Yokoyama
    • , Kristian Agasøster Haaga
    •  & Bjarte Hannisdal

  • Article |

    Geometric and rheological complexities may control the mechanical behaviour of megathrusts, according to an analysis of the heterogeneity in roughness and rock properties of the Middle America megathrust from 3D seismic reflection data.

    • James D. Kirkpatrick
    • , Joel H. Edwards
    • , Alessandro Verdecchia
    • , Jared W. Kluesner
    • , Rebecca M. Harrington
    •  & Eli A. Silver

  • Article |

    Mineralization of platinum-group elements in mafic intrusions occurs due to repeated self-intrusion of magma, according to strontium isotope heterogeneities preserved in the Rum layered intrusion, Scotland.

    • Luke N. Hepworth
    • , J. Stephen Daly
    • , Ralf Gertisser
    • , Chris G. Johnson
    • , C. Henry Emeleus
    •  & Brian O’Driscoll

  • News & Views |

    Whether Earth’s water was delivered early or late in its formation is debated. The composition of Venus’s atmosphere may indicate that late accretion, the final stage of planet formation, delivered little water to the terrestrial planets.

    • Ramon Brasser

  • Article |

    The interface between riverbed and aquifer is a biogeochemical reaction hotspot for arsenic release from river sediments, according to numerical simulations of groundwater flow and biogeochemical reaction processes.

    • Ilka Wallis
    • , Henning Prommer
    • , Michael Berg
    • , Adam J. Siade
    • , Jing Sun
    •  & Rolf Kipfer

  • Article |

    Venus’s atmospheric composition suggests limited water delivery to the terrestrial planets by late accretion, according to numerical simulations of the interior and atmospheric evolution of Venus under various late accretion scenarios.

    • C. Gillmann
    • , G. J. Golabek
    • , S. N. Raymond
    • , M. Schönbächler
    • , P. J. Tackley
    • , V. Dehant
    •  & V. Debaille

  • Article |

    Iron isotopic fractionation at the core–mantle boundary due to thermal diffusion may partly explain the iron isotope composition of the upper mantle, according to high-temperature experiments and numerical simulations.

    • Charles E. Lesher
    • , Juliane Dannberg
    • , Gry H. Barfod
    • , Neil R. Bennett
    • , Justin J. G. Glessner
    • , Daniel J. Lacks
    •  & James M. Brenan

  • Editorial |

    Social distancing in response to COVID-19 need not mean social or scientific isolation. Adaption to technology now could lead to more innovative, sustainable and inclusive communication in the future.

  • Article |

    Mars’s mantle is chemically heterogeneous and contains multiple primordial water reservoirs, according to an analysis of the hydrogen isotopic composition of minerals in Martian meteorites.

    • Jessica J. Barnes
    • , Francis M. McCubbin
    • , Alison R. Santos
    • , James M. D. Day
    • , Jeremy W. Boyce
    • , Susanne P. Schwenzer
    • , Ulrich Ott
    • , Ian A. Franchi
    • , Scott Messenger
    • , Mahesh Anand
    •  & Carl B. Agee

  • Article |

    The oceans probably remained well-oxygenated for millions of years after the Palaeoproterozoic Lomagundi–Jatuli Event, according to high concentrations and isotope signatures of redox-sensitive metals in the 2-billion-year-old Zaonega Formation, Russia.

    • Kaarel Mänd
    • , Stefan V. Lalonde
    • , Leslie J. Robbins
    • , Marie Thoby
    • , Kärt Paiste
    • , Timmu Kreitsmann
    • , Päärn Paiste
    • , Christopher T. Reinhard
    • , Alexandr E. Romashkin
    • , Noah J. Planavsky
    • , Kalle Kirsimäe
    • , Aivo Lepland
    •  & Kurt O. Konhauser

  • Article |

    Antarctic sea-ice loss causes enhanced warming in the eastern equatorial Pacific, and together with Arctic sea-ice loss accounts for 20–30% of projected warming and rainfall changes in the tropics, suggest climate model simulations.

    • Mark R. England
    • , Lorenzo M. Polvani
    • , Lantao Sun
    •  & Clara Deser

  • Article |

    Tsunami generation by megathrust earthquakes is enhanced by extensional faulting in the upper plate when the subducting slab shallows, according to numerical modelling and observations from the Sumatra–Andaman and Tohoku earthquake–tsunami events.

    • Bar Oryan
    •  & W. Roger Buck

  • Article |

    High-precision measurements suggest that the Earth and Moon have distinct oxygen isotope compositions. This implies distinct oxygen isotopic compositions of the proto-Earth and its impactor that were not fully homogenized by the Moon-forming impact.

    • Erick J. Cano
    • , Zachary D. Sharp
    •  & Charles K. Shearer

  • Editorial |

    The first marsquakes detected by NASA’s InSight mission mark just the start of seismology on Mars. Both Earth and planetary scientists alike should embrace this new frontier of geophysics.

  • Article |

    Early Neoproterozoic marine productivity fell due to nutrient drawdown following a switch from an iron-rich to a sulfide-rich ocean, according to records of phosphorus geochemistry measured from sedimentary sections in North China.

    • Romain Guilbaud
    • , Simon W. Poulton
    • , Jennifer Thompson
    • , Kathryn F. Husband
    • , Maoyan Zhu
    • , Ying Zhou
    • , Graham A. Shields
    •  & Timothy M. Lenton

  • Article |

    Low-angle normal faults in the Banda Sea have caused large earthquakes that indirectly generated tsunamis due to earthquake-triggered submarine slumping, according to an analysis of historical earthquake and tsunami events and GPS observations.

    • Phil R. Cummins
    • , Ignatius R. Pranantyo
    • , Jonathan M. Pownall
    • , Jonathan D. Griffin
    • , Irwan Meilano
    •  & Siyuan Zhao

  • Comment |

    The InSight mission on Mars is currently providing us with the first seismic data from a planetary body other than our own Earth since the 1970s. Past efforts will inform this next chapter in planetary seismology.

    • Yosio Nakamura

  • News & Views |

    Mars’s newest seismometer needed to separate marsquakes from meteorology. Continuous weather observations to keep it honest are revealing new facets of Mars’s churning atmosphere.

    • Nicholas Heavens

  • Article |

    The magnetic field measured by the InSight lander on Mars varies daily and is ten times stronger than expected. The field is inferred to originate from components of basement rocks magnetized by an ancient dynamo of Earth-like strength.

    • Catherine L. Johnson
    • , Anna Mittelholz
    • , Benoit Langlais
    • , Christopher T. Russell
    • , Véronique Ansan
    • , Don Banfield
    • , Peter J. Chi
    • , Matthew O. Fillingim
    • , Francois Forget
    • , Heidi Fuqua Haviland
    • , Matthew Golombek
    • , Steve Joy
    • , Philippe Lognonné
    • , Xinping Liu
    • , Chloé Michaut
    • , Lu Pan
    • , Cathy Quantin-Nataf
    • , Aymeric Spiga
    • , Sabine Stanley
    • , Shea N. Thorne
    • , Mark A. Wieczorek
    • , Yanan Yu
    • , Suzanne E. Smrekar
    •  & William B. Banerdt

  • Perspective |

    Geophysical and meteorological measurements by NASA’s InSight lander on Mars reveal a planet that is seismically active and provide information about the interior, surface and atmospheric workings of Mars.

    • W. Bruce Banerdt
    • , Suzanne E. Smrekar
    • , Don Banfield
    • , Domenico Giardini
    • , Matthew Golombek
    • , Catherine L. Johnson
    • , Philippe Lognonné
    • , Aymeric Spiga
    • , Tilman Spohn
    • , Clément Perrin
    • , Simon C. Stähler
    • , Daniele Antonangeli
    • , Sami Asmar
    • , Caroline Beghein
    • , Neil Bowles
    • , Ebru Bozdag
    • , Peter Chi
    • , Ulrich Christensen
    • , John Clinton
    • , Gareth S. Collins
    • , Ingrid Daubar
    • , Véronique Dehant
    • , Mélanie Drilleau
    • , Matthew Fillingim
    • , William Folkner
    • , Raphaël F. Garcia
    • , Jim Garvin
    • , John Grant
    • , Matthias Grott
    • , Jerzy Grygorczuk
    • , Troy Hudson
    • , Jessica C. E. Irving
    • , Günter Kargl
    • , Taichi Kawamura
    • , Sharon Kedar
    • , Scott King
    • , Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun
    • , Martin Knapmeyer
    • , Mark Lemmon
    • , Ralph Lorenz
    • , Justin N. Maki
    • , Ludovic Margerin
    • , Scott M. McLennan
    • , Chloe Michaut
    • , David Mimoun
    • , Anna Mittelholz
    • , Antoine Mocquet
    • , Paul Morgan
    • , Nils T. Mueller
    • , Naomi Murdoch
    • , Seiichi Nagihara
    • , Claire Newman
    • , Francis Nimmo
    • , Mark Panning
    • , W. Thomas Pike
    • , Ana-Catalina Plesa
    • , Sébastien Rodriguez
    • , Jose Antonio Rodriguez-Manfredi
    • , Christopher T. Russell
    • , Nicholas Schmerr
    • , Matt Siegler
    • , Sabine Stanley
    • , Eléanore Stutzmann
    • , Nicholas Teanby
    • , Jeroen Tromp
    • , Martin van Driel
    • , Nicholas Warner
    • , Renee Weber
    •  & Mark Wieczorek

  • Article |

    Mars is seismically active: 24 subcrustal magnitude 3–4 marsquakes and 150 smaller events have been identified up to 30 September 2019, by an analysis of seismometer data from the InSight lander.

    • D. Giardini
    • , P. Lognonné
    • , W. B. Banerdt
    • , W. T. Pike
    • , U. Christensen
    • , S. Ceylan
    • , J. F. Clinton
    • , M. van Driel
    • , S. C. Stähler
    • , M. Böse
    • , R. F. Garcia
    • , A. Khan
    • , M. Panning
    • , C. Perrin
    • , D. Banfield
    • , E. Beucler
    • , C. Charalambous
    • , F. Euchner
    • , A. Horleston
    • , A. Jacob
    • , T. Kawamura
    • , S. Kedar
    • , G. Mainsant
    • , J.-R. Scholz
    • , S. E. Smrekar
    • , A. Spiga
    • , C. Agard
    • , D. Antonangeli
    • , S. Barkaoui
    • , E. Barrett
    • , P. Combes
    • , V. Conejero
    • , I. Daubar
    • , M. Drilleau
    • , C. Ferrier
    • , T. Gabsi
    • , T. Gudkova
    • , K. Hurst
    • , F. Karakostas
    • , S. King
    • , M. Knapmeyer
    • , B. Knapmeyer-Endrun
    • , R. Llorca-Cejudo
    • , A. Lucas
    • , L. Luno
    • , L. Margerin
    • , J. B. McClean
    • , D. Mimoun
    • , N. Murdoch
    • , F. Nimmo
    • , M. Nonon
    • , C. Pardo
    • , A. Rivoldini
    • , J. A. Rodriguez Manfredi
    • , H. Samuel
    • , M. Schimmel
    • , A. E. Stott
    • , E. Stutzmann
    • , N. Teanby
    • , T. Warren
    • , R. C. Weber
    • , M. Wieczorek
    •  & C. Yana

  • Article |

    The crust beneath the InSight lander on Mars is altered or fractured to 8–11 km depth and may bear volatiles, according to an analysis of seismic noise and wave scattering recorded by InSight’s seismometer.

    • P. Lognonné
    • , W. B. Banerdt
    • , W. T. Pike
    • , D. Giardini
    • , U. Christensen
    • , R. F. Garcia
    • , T. Kawamura
    • , S. Kedar
    • , B. Knapmeyer-Endrun
    • , L. Margerin
    • , F. Nimmo
    • , M. Panning
    • , B. Tauzin
    • , J.-R. Scholz
    • , D. Antonangeli
    • , S. Barkaoui
    • , E. Beucler
    • , F. Bissig
    • , N. Brinkman
    • , M. Calvet
    • , S. Ceylan
    • , C. Charalambous
    • , P. Davis
    • , M. van Driel
    • , M. Drilleau
    • , L. Fayon
    • , R. Joshi
    • , B. Kenda
    • , A. Khan
    • , M. Knapmeyer
    • , V. Lekic
    • , J. McClean
    • , D. Mimoun
    • , N. Murdoch
    • , L. Pan
    • , C. Perrin
    • , B. Pinot
    • , L. Pou
    • , S. Menina
    • , S. Rodriguez
    • , C. Schmelzbach
    • , N. Schmerr
    • , D. Sollberger
    • , A. Spiga
    • , S. Stähler
    • , A. Stott
    • , E. Stutzmann
    • , S. Tharimena
    • , R. Widmer-Schnidrig
    • , F. Andersson
    • , V. Ansan
    • , C. Beghein
    • , M. Böse
    • , E. Bozdag
    • , J. Clinton
    • , I. Daubar
    • , P. Delage
    • , N. Fuji
    • , M. Golombek
    • , M. Grott
    • , A. Horleston
    • , K. Hurst
    • , J. Irving
    • , A. Jacob
    • , J. Knollenberg
    • , S. Krasner
    • , C. Krause
    • , R. Lorenz
    • , C. Michaut
    • , R. Myhill
    • , T. Nissen-Meyer
    • , J. ten Pierick
    • , A.-C. Plesa
    • , C. Quantin-Nataf
    • , J. Robertsson
    • , L. Rochas
    • , M. Schimmel
    • , S. Smrekar
    • , T. Spohn
    • , N. Teanby
    • , J. Tromp
    • , J. Vallade
    • , N. Verdier
    • , C. Vrettos
    • , R. Weber
    • , D. Banfield
    • , E. Barrett
    • , M. Bierwirth
    • , S. Calcutt
    • , N. Compaire
    • , C.L. Johnson
    • , D. Mance
    • , F. Euchner
    • , L. Kerjean
    • , G. Mainsant
    • , A. Mocquet
    • , J. A Rodriguez Manfredi
    • , G. Pont
    • , P. Laudet
    • , T. Nebut
    • , S. de Raucourt
    • , O. Robert
    • , C. T. Russell
    • , A. Sylvestre-Baron
    • , S. Tillier
    • , T. Warren
    • , M. Wieczorek
    • , C. Yana
    •  & P. Zweifel