This chapter presents a complete picture of the state-of-the-art of novel nontoxic marine antifouling (AF) solutions developed in the past decade. These novel AF coatings include enzyme-based coatings, fouling release (FR) coatings, nonfouling (NF) coatings, bioinspired micro-topographical coatings, and amphiphilic nanostructure coatings. Their AF principles, fabrication methods, and AF performance are described in the chapter. The biological behaviors of fouling organisms are also described to facilitate understanding of the fouling mechanisms of many different species. In the ocean, the process of biological fouling generally follows a sequential successional model. The enzymes most frequently used to decompose bioadhesives consisting of proteins and polysaccharides include proteases and glycosylases. FR coatings are a more mature technology than other chemically inert coatings. Summaries on the problems and future trends of the novel AF coatings are addressed finally in the chapter.