Advertisement

Abstract

A gravitationally self-consistent theory of postglacial relative sea level change is used to infer the variation of surface ice and water cover since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The results show that LGM ice volume was approximately 35 percent lower than suggested by the CLIMAP reconstruction and the maximum heights of the main Laurentian and Fennoscandian ice complexes are inferred to have been commensurately lower with respect to sea level. Use of these Ice Age boundary conditions in atmospheric general circulation models will yield climates that differ significantly from those previously inferred on the basis of the CLIMAP data set.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Geological Society of America Map MC-36 (1981).
SCIENCE 191: 1131 (1976).
SCIENCE 241: 1043 (1988).
BARD, E, CALIBRATION OF THE C-14 TIMESCALE OVER THE PAST 30,000 YEARS USING MASS-SPECTROMETRIC U-TH AGES FROM BARBADOS CORALS, NATURE 345: 405 (1990).
BARRON, E.J., MODEL SIMULATION OF THE CRETACEOUS OCEAN CIRCULATION, SCIENCE 244: 684 (1989).
BROECKER, W.S., INSOLATION CHANGES, ICE VOLUMES, AND O-18 RECORD IN DEEP-SEA CORES, REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS 8: 169 (1970).
CHAPPELL, J, POSTGLACIAL SEA-LEVEL RISE FROM A CORAL RECORD AT HUON PENINSULA, PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA, NATURE 349: 147 (1991).
DEANGELIS, M, AEROSOL CONCENTRATIONS OVER THE LAST CLIMATIC CYCLE (160 KYR) FROM AN ANTARCTIC ICE CORE, NATURE 325: 318 (1987).
Denton, G. H., The Last Great Ice Sheets (1981).
Dyke, A. S., Geological Survey of Canada Map 1702A (1987).
Dyke, A. S., Geological Survey of Canada Map 1703A (1987).
EISENHAUER, A, HOLOCENE SEA-LEVEL DETERMINATION RELATIVE TO THE AUSTRALIAN CONTINENT - U/TH (TIMS) AND C-14 (AMS) DATING OF CORAL CORES FROM THE ABROLHOS ISLANDS, EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS 114: 529 (1993).
ELIAS, S.A., PALEOECOLOGY OF LATE-GLACIAL PEATS FROM THE BERING LAND-BRIDGE, CHUKCHI SEA SHELF REGION, NORTHWESTERN ALASKA, QUATERNARY RESEARCH 38: 371 (1992).
FAIRBANKS, R.G., A 17,000-YEAR GLACIO-EUSTATIC SEA-LEVEL RECORD - INFLUENCE OF GLACIAL MELTING RATES ON THE YOUNGER DRYAS EVENT AND DEEP-OCEAN CIRCULATION, NATURE 342: 637 (1989).
Hillaire-Marcel, C., Earth Rheology, Isostasy and Eustasy: 215 (1980).
Imbrie, J., Late Cenozoic Ice Ages: 71 (1977).
IMBRIE, J, ON THE STRUCTURE AND ORIGIN OF MAJOR GLACIATION CYCLES .2. THE 100,000-YEAR CYCLE, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY 8: 699 (1993).
Joussaume, S., Journal of Geophysical Research 98: 2767 (1993).
KUTZBACH, J.E., THE INFLUENCE OF CHANGING ORBITAL PARAMETERS AND SURFACE BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS ON CLIMATE SIMULATIONS FOR THE PAST 18000 YEARS, JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 43: 1726 (1986).
LAUTENSCHLAGER, M, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 95: 22547 (1990).
MANABE, S, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 90: 2167 (1985).
MITROVICA, J.X., A COMPLETE FORMALISM FOR THE INVERSION OF POSTGLACIAL REBOUND DATA - RESOLVING POWER ANALYSIS, GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL 104: 267 (1991).
MITROVICA, J.X., THE INFERENCE OF MANTLE VISCOSITY FROM AN INVERSION OF THE FENNOSCANDIAN RELAXATION SPECTRUM, GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL 114: 45 (1993).
MITROVICA, J.X., FREE AIR GRAVITY-ANOMALIES ASSOCIATED WITH GLACIAL ISOSTATIC DISEQUILIBRIUM - LOAD HISTORY EFFECTS ON THE INFERENCE OF DEEP MANTLE VISCOSITY, GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 18: 235 (1991).
MITROVICA, J. X., JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH 96: 20053 (1991).
MITROVICA, J.X., unpublished data.
Peltier, W. R., Mantle Convection: 389 (1989).
PELTIER, R, DYNAMICS OF THE ICE-AGE EARTH, ADVANCES IN GEOPHYSICS 24: 1 (1982).
PELTIER, W.R., GLACIAL-ISOSTATIC ADJUSTMENT .1. FORWARD PROBLEM, GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 46: 605 (1976).
PELTIER, W.R., GLACIAL-ISOSTATIC ADJUSTMENT .2. INVERSE PROBLEM, GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 46: 669 (1976).
PELTIER, W.R., POSTGLACIAL REBOUND AND TRANSIENT LOWER MANTLE RHEOLOGY, GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 87: 79 (1986).
PELTIER, W.R., EARTHS GRAVITATIONAL-FIELD - SEISMIC TOMOGRAPHY RESOLVES THE ENIGMA OF THE LAURENTIAN ANOMALY, GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 19: 1555 (1992).
PELTIER, W. R., JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH AND PLANETS 90: 9411 (1985).
PELTIER, W.R., IMPULSE RESPONSE OF A MAXWELL EARTH, REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS 12: 649 (1974).
PELTIER, W.R., GLACIAL ISOSTASY AND RELATIVE SEA-LEVEL - GLOBAL FINITE-ELEMENT MODEL, TECTONOPHYSICS 50: 81 (1978).
Prest, V. K., Geological Survey of Canada Map 1584A (1984).
Prest, V. K., Geological Survey of Canada Paper 84-10 (1984).
RIND, D, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 92: 4241 (1987).
RUBINSTONE, J.L., unpublished data.
SHACKLETON, N. J., TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH-EARTH SCIENCES 81: 251 (1990).
SHINN, R.A., J GEOPHYS RES 94: 151 (1989).
TUSHINGHAM, A.M., J GEOPHYS RES 96: 20053 (1991).
TUSHINGHAM, A. M., JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH 97: 3285 (1992).
WU, P, GLACIAL ISOSTATIC-ADJUSTMENT AND THE FREE AIR GRAVITY-ANOMALY AS A CONSTRAINT ON DEEP MANTLE VISCOSITY, GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 74: 377 (1983).
Wu, P., Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 76: 753 (1984).

(0)eLetters

eLetters is a forum for ongoing peer review. eLetters are not edited, proofread, or indexed, but they are screened. eLetters should provide substantive and scholarly commentary on the article. Embedded figures cannot be submitted, and we discourage the use of figures within eLetters in general. If a figure is essential, please include a link to the figure within the text of the eLetter. Please read our Terms of Service before submitting an eLetter.

Log In to Submit a Response

No eLetters have been published for this article yet.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Science
Volume 265 | Issue 5169
8 July 1994

Submission history

Published in print: 8 July 1994

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

W. Richard Peltier
Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A7

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Article Usage

Altmetrics

Citations

Cite as

Export citation

Select the format you want to export the citation of this publication.

Cited by

  1. A stronger role for long-term moisture change than for CO2 in determining tropical woody vegetation change, Science, 376, 6593, (653-656), (2022)./doi/10.1126/science.abg4618
    Abstract
  2. Modeling the ecology and evolution of biodiversity: Biogeographical cradles, museums, and graves, Science, 361, 6399, (2021)./doi/10.1126/science.aar5452
    Abstract
  3. Sea-level rise due to polar ice-sheet mass loss during past warm periods, Science, 349, 6244, (2021)./doi/10.1126/science.aaa4019
    Abstract
  4. Quaternary Refugia and Persistence of Biodiversity, Science, 297, 5589, (2009-2010), (2021)./doi/10.1126/science.297.5589.2009
    Abstract
  5. Northern Hemisphere Ice-Sheet Influences on Global Climate Change, Science, 286, 5442, (1104-1111), (2021)./doi/10.1126/science.286.5442.1104
    Abstract
  6. The Role of Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions in Tropical Cooling During the Last Glacial Maximum, Science, 279, 5355, (1341-1344), (2021)./doi/10.1126/science.279.5355.1341
    Abstract
  7. West Antarctic Ice Sheet Collapse?, Science, 276, 5313, (661-665), (2021)./doi/10.1126/science.276.5313.661d
    Abstract
  8. Pliocene Warmth, Polar Amplification, and Stepped Pleistocene Cooling Recorded in NE Arctic Russia, Science, 340, 6139, (1421-1427), (2021)./doi/10.1126/science.1233137
    Abstract
  9. The Influence of Late Quaternary Climate-Change Velocity on Species Endemism, Science, 334, 6056, (660-664), (2021)./doi/10.1126/science.1210173
    Abstract
  10. Ice Age Terminations, Science, 326, 5950, (248-252), (2021)./doi/10.1126/science.1177840
    Abstract
  11. See more
Loading...

View Options

Check Access

Log in to view the full text

AAAS ID LOGIN

AAAS login provides access to Science for AAAS Members, and access to other journals in the Science family to users who have purchased individual subscriptions.

Log in via OpenAthens.
Log in via Shibboleth.

More options

Purchase digital access to this article

Download and print this article for your personal scholarly, research, and educational use.

Purchase this issue in print

Buy a single issue of Science for just $15 USD.

View options

PDF format

Download this article as a PDF file

Download PDF

Media

Figures

Multimedia

Tables

Share

Share

Share article link

Share on social media