Neurocognitive Research Papers

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the most prevalent conditions worldwide. During the last decades an increased number of studies analyzing the impact of CVDs on neurocognitive performance have emerged. The purpose of this article... more

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the most prevalent conditions worldwide. During the last decades an increased number of studies analyzing the impact of CVDs on neurocognitive performance have emerged. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature detailing the impact of CVDs on neurocognitive performance. Our review is focused on the underlying neuropsychological aspect of this condition and addresses the structural and functional changes in the brain as described by various studies. We also focus on recent data showing how treating cardiovascular health can affect and individual's neurocognitive performance. The findings of this review suggest that patients with CVDs who have no history of stroke or dementia are at significant risk of experiencing cognitive decline. Furthermore, the majority of studies state that certain neurocognitive domains, such as attention and executive functioning, are the most affected by CVDs. We suggest integrating mental health professionals such as neuropsychologist and clinical psychologist into the CVDs treatment team to promote adherence and decrease maladaptive behaviors that can result in diminished neurocognitive performance in people with these conditions.
Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; neurocognitive performance; neurocognitive impairment; vascular cognitive impairment

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Resumen
Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) se encuentran entre las condiciones más prevalentes a nivel mundial. Durante las últimas décadas, ha surgido un mayor número de estudios que analizan el impacto de las ECV en el rendimiento neurocognitivo. El propósito de este artículo es revisar la literatura actual que detalla el impacto de las ECV en el rendimiento neurocognitivo. Nuestra revisión se centra en el aspecto neuropsicológico subyacente de esta afección y aborda los cambios estructurales y funcionales en el cerebro, según lo describen diversos estudios. También nos centramos en datos recientes que muestran cómo el tratamiento de la salud cardiovascular puede afectar el desempeño neurocognitivo del individuo. Los hallazgos de esta revisión sugieren que los pacientes con ECV que no poseen historial de accidente cerebrovascular o demencia, tienen un riesgo significativo de experimentar deterioro cognitivo. Además, la mayoría de los estudios exponen que ciertos dominios neurocognitivos tales como la atención y el funcionamiento ejecutivo son los más afectados por las ECV. Sugerimos la necesidad de integrar a los profesionales de la salud mental tales como, los neuropsicólogos y psicólogos clínicos en el equipo de tratamiento de ECV para promover la adherencia y disminuir las conductas maladaptativas que pueden provocar una disminución del rendimiento neurocognitivo en las personas con dichas condiciones.

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- by Revista Salud y Conducta Humana and +1
  
  Esteban Viruet-Sánchez
- •
- 4
  Cardiovascular disease, Neurocognitive, Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurocognitive Impairments

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- by Kimford J Meador and +1
  
  Gholam Motamedi
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- 11
  Cognition, Epilepsy, Memory, Neurocognitive

Deficits in daytime performance due to sleep loss are experienced universally and associated with a significant social, financial, and human cost. Microsleeps, sleep attacks, and lapses in cognition increase with sleep loss as a function... more

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- by Jeffrey Durmer
- •
- 24
  Genetics, Attention, Working Memory, Performance

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- by ester romero
- •
- 4
  Psychology, Neurocognitive, Reliability, Validity

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- by Andrew Scholey
- •
- 19
  Nutrition and Dietetics, Dementia, Cognition, Probiotics

Background: Although there is increasing research interest in auditory cognitive function among pregnant women, little is known about auditory cognitive function during the second (mid) and third trimesters of pregnancy. Therefore, we... more

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- by Elana Farace
- •
- 13
  Radiation, Clinical Trial, Quality of life, Radiosurgery

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- by Jeffrey Durmer
- •
- 24
  Genetics, Attention, Working Memory, Performance

Introduction: Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) service members (CAF-SMs) experience a higher prevalence of mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) compared to Canadian civilians. As cognitive dysfunction may be experienced after injury or... more

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- by Chelsea Jones
- •
- 7
  Assessment, Rehabilitation, Cognition, Implementation Science

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- by Elisa Rodríguez-toscano
- •
- 6
  Psychology, Schizophrenia, Medicine, Neurocognitive

Background: Canadian Armed Forces service members (CAF-SMs) and veterans exhibit higher rates of injuries and illnesses, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury, which can cause and exacerbate cognitive... more

Background: Canadian Armed Forces service members (CAF-SMs) and veterans exhibit higher rates of injuries and illnesses,
such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury, which can cause and exacerbate cognitive dysfunction.
Computerized neurocognitive assessment tools have demonstrated increased reliability and efficiency compared with traditional
cognitive assessment tools. Without assessing the degree of technology acceptance and perceptions of usability to end users, it
is difficult to determine whether a technology-based assessment will be used successfully in wider clinical practice. The Unified
Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model is commonly used to address the technology acceptance and usability of
applications in five domains.
Objective: This study aims to determine the technology acceptance and usability of a neurocognitive assessment tool, which
was titled BrainFx SCREEN, among CAF-SMs and veterans with PTSD by using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of
Technology model.
Methods: This mixed methods embedded pilot study included CAF-SMs and veterans (N=21) aged 18-60 years with a diagnosis
of PTSD who completed pre- and postquestionnaires on the same day the BrainFx SCREEN was used. A partial least squares
structural equation model was used to analyze the questionnaire results. Qualitative data were assessed using thematic analysis.
Results: Facilitating conditions, which were the most notable predictors of behavioral intention, increased after using the BrainFx
SCREEN, whereas effort expectancy decreased. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social interaction were not
factors that could predict behavioral intention. Participants who reported a previous mild traumatic brain injury were significantly
more likely to report current symptoms of cognitive impairment. The BrainFx SCREEN is a feasible, usable, and accepted
assessment tool for CAF-SMs and veterans who experience PTSD.
Conclusions: As military health care systems integrate technological innovations to improve the services and care provided,
research must continue to address the acceptability and use of these novel assessments and interventions.

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- by Chelsea Jones
- •
- 11
  Occupational Therapy, Military Veterans, Technology Acceptance, Military

Clinical decision making in osteopathy is heavily reliant on palpatory diagnostic findings. Although there is evidence that osteopathy is effective in the management of musculoskeletal conditions; the reliability of palpation as a... more

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- by Jorge Esteves
- •
- 9
  Expertise, Clinical Reasoning, Neurocognitive, Multisensory perception

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- by Albert Rizzo
- •
- 9
  Human Computer Interaction, Research Design, Virtual Reality, Neurocognitive

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- by Kevin K Wang
- •
- 18
  Cognition, Neurocognitive, Humans, Male

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- by Tatiana Iakovleva
- •
- 3
  Cognition, Neurophysiology, Neurocognitive

A social information processing (SIP) theory of parenting risk posits that social-cognitive and neurocognitive incapacities characterize at-risk parents, and that these cognitive difficulties operate across relational domains. This study... more

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- by Robin Hernandez-Mekonnen
- •
- 20
  Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Cognition, Parenting

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- by Ivan Torres and +1
  
  Joseph Goldberg
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- 16
  Neuropsychology, Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Cognition

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- by Andrea Romigi
- •
- 20
  Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Executive Function, Neurocognitive, Brain

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- by Mylène Legault
- •
- 14
  Psychology, Autism, Disability Studies, Cognition

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- by Kristen Woodberry
- •
- 20
  Psychology, Psychosis, Adolescent, Medicine

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- by Skip Rizzo
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- 16
  Cerebral Palsy, Virtual Reality, Neurocognitive, Humans

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of death and disability in both sex, young and old age group population in different countries. This study aimed to estimate effects of sex, age group and intensity level... more

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- by Minoo Sharbafshaaer
- •
- 2
  Neurocognitive, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

The carer history is an integral part of the assessment of patients with cognitive impairment. We aimed to develop a comprehensive yet concise carer questionnaire, the CogRisk, which captures actuarial risk variables for cognitive... more

The carer history is an integral part of the assessment of patients with cognitive impairment. We aimed to develop a comprehensive yet concise carer questionnaire, the CogRisk, which captures actuarial risk variables for cognitive impairment in addition to key symptoms suggestive of cognitive decline in a number of cognitive domains, and to then assess its validity and reliability in a neuropsychiatric population.Carers of patients assessed for cognitive impairment completed the CogRisk, and patients were clinically assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Neuropsychiatry Unit COGnitive assessment tool (NUCOG). Reliability was assessed using test–retest and interrater measures and measures of internal consistency. Construct and concurrent validity was assessed using correlation between total and subscale scores on the CogRisk, total scores on the NUCOG and MMSE, and subscale scores on the NUCOG. Predictive validity was determined using measures of sensitivity and specificity and using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) methods.The CogRisk was completed by all carers in less than 10 min. The total CogRisk score correlated significantly with total MMSE and NUCOG scores (r=−0.511 and −0.563, respectively) and remained highly significant when age and education were controlled for. Internal consistency of CogRisk items was high (α=0.943). Intrarater reliability of the CogRisk was high with an intraclass correlation coefficient of .978 (P<.001), and interrater reliability between carers was also high at 0.868 (P<.05). Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of dementia were .70 and .73, respectively, with area under the ROC curve not significantly different from that of the MMSE or NUCOG.The CogRisk is a brief carer-rated tool of a patient's cognitive functioning developed for use within a neuropsychiatric setting. It exhibited good concurrent validity, internal consistency, and interrater and intrarater reliability. The CogRisk also demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for dementia. The CogRisk provides carer information, which complements the clinical assessment and can be used to focus on direct carer interview.

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- by Mark Walterfang
- •
- 36
  Psychometrics, Dementia, Cognition, Evaluation

It has been challenging to identify core neurocognitive deficits that are consistent across multiple studies in patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). In turn, this leads to difficulty in translating findings from human... more

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- by Teal Eich
- •
- 11
  Working Memory, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Neurocognitive, Humans

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- by Dennis P . Wood
- •
- 20
  Information Systems, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Computer Science

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- by Andrei Damyanovich
- •
- 20
  Quality of life, Creatine, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Fatigue

BackgroundSex Chromosome Trisomies (SCTs; XXX, XXY, XYY) are genetic conditions that are associated with increased risk for neurodevelopmental problems and psychopathology. There is a great need for early preventive intervention programs... more

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- by Nienke Bouw
- •
- 3
  Psychology, Cognition, Neurocognitive

About 50% of people living with HIV will develop HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) during their lifetime, and we know that cognitive issues are a concern for people living with HIV. However, limited information exists... more

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- by Kimberly Noble
- •
- 6
  Socioeconomics, Language, Cognitive Neuroscience, Executive Function

A social information processing (SIP) theory of parenting risk posits that social-cognitive and neurocognitive incapacities characterize at-risk parents, and that these cognitive difficulties operate across relational domains. This study... more

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- by Robin Hernandez-Mekonnen
- •
- 20
  Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Cognition, Parenting

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- by Evgenia Gkintoni
- •
- 20
  Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Bipolar Disorder, Cognition

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- by Matt Pontifex
- •
- 14
  Pediatrics, Attention, Medicine, Neurocognitive

Pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that has a significant impact on pediatric development. In this review, we examine peer-reviewed publications pertaining to childhood BD to determine the impact of BD on... more

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- by Manpreet Singh
- •
- 4
  Bipolar Disorder, Neurocognitive, Psychosocial, Pediatric Health

The patient is a 34-year-old and a right-handed female. Her educational level is 12 years and she completed high school. She meets diagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD) and suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI)... more

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- by M. Furkan SOYDABAŞ
- •
- 9
  Psychology, Psychological Assessment, Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Science

The purpose of the current study was to examine the independent and interactive effects of social adversity (SA) and HIV infection on subcortical shape alterations and cognitive functions. Participants included HIV+ (n = 70) and HIV-... more

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- by TAYLOR P Kuhn
- •
- 20
  Psychology, Cognition, Prejudice, Magnetic Resonance Imaging

LAY SUMMARY Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Service Members (SMs) experience mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) which can affect cognitive functioning. Adequate cognitive functioning is needed to perform military duties safely and function... more

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- by Suzette Brémault-Phillips
- •
- 7
  Assessment, Rehabilitation, Cognition, Implementation Science

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- by Matt Pontifex
- •
- 20
  Psychology, Cognitive Science, Intelligence, Individuality

Depression is among the most common mental health problems for young people. In adults, depression is associated with neurocognitive deficits that reduce the effectiveness of treatment and impair educational and vocational functioning.... more

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- by Caroline Fisher
- •
- 9
  Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Science, Neuropsychology

Few studies have examined Manual Motor Speed (MMS) in bipolar disorder (BD). The aim of this longitudinal, family study was to explore whether dysfunctional MMS represents a neurocognitive endophenotype of BD. A sample of 291 subjects,... more

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- by Patricia Correa-Ghisays
- •
- 20
  Psychology, Bipolar Disorder, Family, Adolescent

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- by XinRan Wu
- •
- 3
  Neuroimaging, Medicine, Neurocognitive

Background Canadian Armed Forces service members (CAF-SMs) and veterans exhibit higher rates of injuries and illnesses, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury, which can cause and exacerbate cognitive... more

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- by Chelsea Jones
- •
- 10
  Occupational Therapy, Military Veterans, Technology Acceptance, Medicine

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- by Yaron Rabinowitz
- •
- 20
  Military Medicine, Occupational Health, Public Health, Fatigue

Abstract. The traditional approach to assessing neurocognitive performance makes use of paper and pencil neuropsychological assessments. This received approach has been criticized as limited in the area of ecological validity. While... more

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- by Arvind Iyer
- •
- 9
  Human Computer Interaction, Research Design, Virtual Reality, Neurocognitive

Pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that has a significant impact on pediatric development. In this review, we examine peer-reviewed publications pertaining to childhood BD to determine the impact of BD on... more

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- by Manpreet Singh
- •
- 5
  Bipolar Disorder, Medicine, Neurocognitive, Psychosocial

There is some evidence that short interstimulus intervals (ISIs) on the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) are associated with longer and more varied reaction times (RTs). Preparation processes may impede RT following short ISIs, resulting... more

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- by Nicholas Ialongo
- •
- 38
  Psychology, Psychiatry, Health Promotion, Decision Making

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- by J Galen Buckwalter
- •
- 26
  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Psychometrics, Cognition, Attention

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- by Sharon Guger
- •
- 2
  Neurocognitive, Sleep

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- by Michael Boivin
- •
- 8
  Neurodevelopment, Adolescent, Neurocognitive, Humans

Neurocognitive

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