Yalcin Kaya

Five hybrid lines of forage peas (No. 14, No. 6, No. 12A, No. 13 and No. 9) and the Mir variety (standard) were studied in terms of ripeness and yield of grain and green mass. The study was performed in the experimental field of Institute of Forage Crops - Pleven, Bulgaria (2016- 2018). The occurrence of the phenological stages beginning of flowering, full flowering, and technical maturity (days) was monitored. At the full bottom pods stage the green mass yield (kg/da), and at the technical maturity stage the grain yield (kg/da) were recorded. The line No. 14 (vegetation period 218 days) was found to develop faster than other lines. Plants from this line enter the flowering stage much earlier than the Mir variety and reach technological maturity at the earliest. At ripeness, the lines are arranged: line No. 14 (218 days), line No. 12А (222 days), Mir variety (224 days), line No. 6 (225 days) and line No. 13 (233 days). Lines No. 13 and PL managed in the most unfavorable environment to fully manifest their biological potential and to accumulate more green mass (2007 and 2059 kg/da, respectively). In terms of grain yield, line No. 14 exceeds the standard by 35.42% on average over the period. Grain yield after it, lines No. 6 and 12А are ranked, with an excess of 21.53% and 20.83% respectively. For breeding purposes line No. 14 may be used in terms of ripeness, lines No. 14, 2А and 6 in terms of grain yield. The study is a contribution to the selection for the creation of new genotypes of forage peas with pronounced ripeness, increased ecological stability of both, green mass and grains.

Rapeseed is one of the important oil crops in the world. However, rapeseed could not be produced large areas in Turkey like other countries although it has more suitable conditions to grow easily. On the other hand, rapeseed is very suitable for fraying and biodesel. The study was conducted to determine the fatty acid composition of some rapeseed variety in Diyarbakır Province which is outh East Anatolian Region conditions in 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 growing seasons.. Five rapeseed variety (Catalina, Elvis, Jura, Licord and Orkan) were used in the study. Based on study results, , the highest palmitic acid obtained from Jura variety with 6,87 % and the lowest was obtained from Orkan variety with 6,29 %. The highest stearic acid was obtained in Catalina variety with 2,70 % and the lowest was obtained in Licord variety with 2,38 %. The highest Oleic acid was obtained in Elvis variety with 58,36 % and the lowest was obtained from Jura variety with 51,45 %. The highest Linoleic acid was obtained in Orkan variety with 21,21 % and the lowest was obtained in Licord variety with 19,32 %. The highest Linolenic acid was obtained in Licord variety with 10,33 % and the lowest was obtained in Catalina variety with 8,03 %. The highest Arachidic acid was obtained in Catalina variety with 0,33 % and the lowest was obtained from Elvis variety with 0,11 %. According to the two years average results from this study indicated that Elvis and Catalina variety in respect to fatty acid composition can be suitable in South East Anatolian Region

Yaglik aycicegi, adaptasyonu ve mekanizasyon orani yuksek, pazarlanma kolayligi ve tuketicilerce en cok tercih edilen bitkisel yag olmasi nedeniyle, ulkemizin en onemli yag bitkisidir. Ayrica ulkemiz yagli tohum uretimimizin yetersizligi ve son yillarda artan rafine bitkisel yag ve margarin ihracati nedeniyle artan yag acigimiz (2014’de 4 Milyar $), ayciceginin onemini giderek arttirmaktadir. Ulkemizde son yillarda agirlikli olarak Trakya Bolgesi’nde tarimi yapilan yaglik ayciceginin, artan fiyatlara da bagli olarak ekim alanlari giderek diger bolgelerde yayginlasmak olup, ozellikle Konya ve Cukurova bolgelerindeki artis dikkat cekmektedir. Yazlik bir bitki oldugundan , yillara bagli olarak verimi degisiklik gostermektedir. Ulkemizde aycicegi uretimini kisitlayan parametreler; son yillarda yeni irklarina dayanikli hibritler gelistirilen orobans parazitine ilaveten, yabanci otlar ve mildiyo hastaligidir. Ozellikle ekim oncesi ilaclarla kontrol edilemeyen pitrak, sirken, koy gocuren, ...

Sunflower area and production are decreasing in recent years in Turkey. The research covered the changes on inputs and product prices at real base in sunflower and its cost of production in Trakya Region. Total income was found as 1178 US$/ha, total production cost 1138 US$/ha, gross profit 444 US$/ha and net profit was calculated as 39 US$/ha in the research. Although the domestic production cost per MT sunflower seed was calculated as 650.29 US$, the import cost was found as 487.5 US$. Therefore, the import of sunflower seed seems attractive for sunflower oil industry in Turkey. Although inputs such as fertilizer 267%, fuel 105%, seed 14% exhibited in sunflower production, sunflower seed decreased 4.12% in 1999-2008. Research results indicated that subsidizing policy was not efficient to increase oil seed production and oil crops. Based on this situation, the vegetable oil deficit expects to continue in future in Turkey.

Sunflower is one of the most important oil crops in the world. In addition to be the most preferable vegetable oil in the Eastern Europe, Balkans and Blacksea region, sunflower is the main crops in the rotation system in the agricultural production as well as the most planted oil crops in these areas. Both world sunflower planted areas (21.000 ha in 2007 to 26.000 ha in 2019) and also seed production (26.000 MT in 2007 to 51.000 MT in 2019) have raised in last ten years but Blacksea region contributed mainly for these increases. In the region, while sunflower production has tripled from 11800 MT (2007) to 35.000 MT (2019), sunflower planted areas has raised 60% more from 2007 to 2019 (10.000 to 16.000 ha) in last 12 years.  The rate of region in sunflower production has increased from 45 to 68%, acreages from 49 to 64% in this period. Furthermore, the region plays key role and also dominated sunflower world trade as well as other oilseeds such as canola and soybean. As a spring crop, sunflower influence eventually from climatic conditions such as temperature, soil humidity, etc. in some critical stages which are determining seed and oil yield especially bud formation and the grain filling period. Biotic and abiotic stresses coincide in these two stages lead extremely reduce seed yield regularly in sunflower production areas in due to unregularly rainfalls and higher temperatures in spring and early summer seasons in Blacksea region which sunflower grows mostly in dryland. Therefore, it need to well understand these reducing factors and sunflower responses and mechanisms then it need to find accurate management solutions to cope with these factors efficiently such as early planting time and increasing plant density for obtaining better yields. Besides, biotic stresses mostly diseases such as downy mildew, Phomopsis, Sclerotinia, Verticilium wilt, Macrophomina and also broomrape parasite, weeds are the main factors reducing sunflower yield in the region. While there is only genetic resistance possible for disease control mentioned above ones, effective control of broomrape and weeds are possible Clearfield system with post emergence Imidazolinone (IMI) herbicide plus resistant varieties as well as sulfonyl Urea (SU) herbicide and resistant hybrids. Furthermore, combining these herbicide resistances together with new races of broomrape races and downy mildew and other diseases will lead higher yield results in sunflower production in the region in addition to other agronomical solutions.

Ecological stability of quantitative signs in white lupine varieties was studied in field trial in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Seven varieties of white lupine were used. Analysis of variance showed a well-proven influence of genotype and environment factors and the interaction between them in terms of plant height, number of pods, number of seeds and seeds weight. For plant height, number of seeds and seeds weight, the influence of the environment was stronger than that of the other two factors. The seeds weight strongly correlated with the Anicchiarico Wi indices (r = 0.87), bi (r = 0.634), ai (r = 0.633) and T (r = 0.559) and negative correlated with the Lin and Binns (r = -0.977) parameter. Ecological stability parameters for plant height showed the most stable and high-growing PI533704 variety; for the number of pods, number of seeds and seeds weight Zuter variety, respectively. Zuter variety was found close to the ideal type combining high productivity with ecological stability. Lucky801, for most signs, was environmentally unstable but highly productive and is therefore suitable as a parent component in breeding programs for obtaining high yield varieties.

Eight winter vetch varieties (BGE004222, BGE001847, BGE000637, BGE001076, BGE000639, BGE000643, BGE001383 and Asko 1) were assessed by plant height, fresh leaf weight, fresh stem weight and nodule number per plant in field trial in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. The varieties are characterised by low general adaptive ability and average specific adaptive ability on the investigated signs. With the highest general adaptive ability by fresh leaf weight is distinguished BGE000643, by number of nodules per plant BGE004222 and BGE001383, and by plant height - BGE001847 and BGE000637, respectively. By the complex indicator selection value of the genotype, taking into account the general adaptive ability and stability, the signs fresh leaf weight and fresh stem weight the best was found BGE001383 variety. According to the number of nodules per plant and the indicators of adaptability and stability, the interest represents the variety BGE004222. Based on the aggregate assessment of the varieties, which is based on the average height of the plant and the parameters of adaptability, the most valuable were the varieties BGE001847 and BGE001076. A positive correlation was established between fresh leaf weight and: the specific adaptive ability (r = 0.568), the general adaptive ability (r = 0.099) and the indicator of the stability level of the variety (r = 0.544); and between the number of nodules with the coefficient of linear regression (r = 0.115) and with homeostaticity (r = 0.116).

Sunflower grows in summer so it influences greatly more from environmental factors then it could not compete efficiently with other crops (commonly wheat in rainfed areas and corn, sugarbeet, etc in irrigated lands) in the rotation. Therefore, breeders should develop new higher yielding and dry tolerant cultivars and also should find new production techniques to increase production with reducing of effects of environmental factors influenced seed yield. Weeds and broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) exist among the most limiting factors for sunflower production in especially in Eastern Europe and Black Sea Region. Clearfield Technology which using post emergence Imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides with IMI resistant cultivars presents efficient results both control broomrape and major broadleaf weeds in sunflower production. Furthermore, Sulfonyl Urea (SU) herbicide as post application like IMI is also another method to control weeds efficiently and it is preferred being cheaper than IMI....

Collaboration with Turkish Plant Breeders Association International Sunflower Association FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) MAIN ORGANIZER Trakya Agricultural Research Institute Edirne, Turkey www.ttae.gov.tr Phone: +90 284-235 81 82-83, 235 81 80 Fax : +90 284 235 82 10 E-mail: ttae@ttae.gov.tr Address: Istanbul Yolu, Bolge Trafik Yani PO Box: 16, 22100 EDIRNE, TURKEY

Ayçiçeği, dünyanın en önemli yağ bitkilerinden biri olmakla birlikte, Balkan
ve Karadeniz Bölgesi'nde en çok yetiştirilen, en çok tüketilen ve üretilen yağlı tohumdur. Bölgede aynı zamanda dünya ayçiçeği üretiminin de %60'dan fazlasını üretilmektedir. Orijini Amerika da olsa, ayçiçeği Rus araştırmacılar tarafından yağ bitkisi olarak geliştirilmiş ve ilk olarak bu bölgedeki yetiştiriciler tarafından üretilmiştir. Ayçiçeği, kumlu, çorak tuzlu ve kayalık topraklara kadar yetişen yabani akrabalarından gelen genetik çeşitliliği daha fazla koruduğu için, çok kuru ve normal mevsimsel yağışla birçok değişik bölgelerde yetişebilir (Skoric, 2012; Kaya ve ark., 2012; 2020).
Ayçiçeği, ülkemizde ve dünyada yazlık ve genelde sulanmadan
yetiştirildiğinden kuraklık, aşırı sıcaklık vb çevresel faktörlerden en fazla
etkilenen bitkilerden biridir. Ülkemizde ilkbaharda ekilen ayçiçeğinin ilk gelişme döneminde ihtiyacı olan su miktarı, kış yağışlarıyla toprakta biriken sudan karşılanmaktadır. Tane verimi için kuraklık açısından en kritik periyot, Haziran-Temmuz ayları olup, bu dönem tabla oluşumundan başlayıp, tane dolumunu da içerisine almaktadır (Kaya ve ark., 2005, 2012; 2020; Skoric, 2012; Sahin ve ark., 2020). Yapılan araştırmalarda ayçiçeğinde bu kritik dönemde kuraklığın 5 haftadan fazla sürmesi durumunda, kuraklığın önemli verim kayıplarına yol açtığı, tozlanmayı durdurduğu ve yağ verimini de etkilediği bildirilmiştir (Hussain ve ark., 2000; Fernandez ve ark, 2009; Skoric 2012).

As a summer crop, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is influences commonly by drought stress due to growing generally in rain fed regions without irrigation. Drought affects severely not only seed yield both also other important yield traits which plays important roles on yield formation in sunflower. Therefore, drought resistance became one of the most important goals in the sunflower breeding programs in the world. The study was conducted to determine drought tolerance levels of sunflower genotypes under controlled environmental conditions in Edirne which is a border city in Trakya region which is European part of Turkey and has about 50% of Turkish sunflower production areas. Sunflower restores lines which developed in National Project were evaluated foliar responses against drought stress. Based on study results, the most affected foliar trait was leaf area and it was reduced until 75%. Similarly, leaf number of plants also influenced severely especially from earlier droughts and...

Sunflower a vital crop in Balkan area both for existing as a main crop in rotation and also being as the most preferable and consuming vegetable oil in the region. Eastern Balkan countries Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey exist in top ten sunflower producers in the world. However, Serbia and Moldova exist among important sunflower countries too. Mostly hybrid seeds are planting and broomrape parasite, broad leaf weeds, downy mildew are the main problems in sunflower production area in Balkan Region. However, genetically resistant hybrids are developed and used for broomrape, downy mildew and some other diseases. On the other hand, Clearfield System hybrids having genetically herbicide resistant sunflower hybrids and post applied Imidazolinone (IMI) herbicide controlling both broomrape and the main broad leave weeds effectively increase market share recently in the region. Sunflower production increases in the region due to higher demand for oil crops recently. Even though big increase i...

High oleic sunflower is new trend both in Turkey and also in the world due to that it present healthy vegetable oil and also higher standing ability for frying. Higher oleic acid also affects from environment especially nigh temperatures during the grain filling period but genetic contribution is also important. High oleic acid content comes from Pervenent mutation in sunflower and it controlling Ol genes. However, because of being a seed trait which is determining after harvest, it is so difficult and unnecessary works (waiting even low oleic ones until seed treshing, etc) to select high oleic sunflower genetic materials. Therefore, selection utilization of molecular markers for determining of higher oleic types help breeders a lot to select accurately high oleic ones and also reduce costs both workers, isolation material, etc… The study covers determining of higher oleic type sunflower genetic materials developed in National Sunflower Hybrid Breeding Project conducted by Trakya Ag...

In this study, moisture distribution of coarse type pumpkin seed in the form of spheroid is modelled by using diffusion equation. The analysis made for natural sun drying for constant environment temperature. Simulation results were obtained by Comsol Multiphysics finite element analysis software for 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 34 hours respectively. On the other hand, average moisture content as a function of time is obtained and an exponential decay type cure with three parameters is fitted to these results. The results show that drying rate of pumpkin seed is falling with time. Simulations shows a good agreement with experimental results at the literature.

Sunflower is one of the leading oilseed crops and it is widely grown in the Thrace region of Turkey. In 2017, in Turkey as a whole, oilseed and confectionary sunflowers were grown on 779.622 ha with a total production of 1 964 385 t of seed, and average yields of 2.64 t ha−1 for oilseed and 1.67 t ha−1 for confectionary types. Turkey is one of the important countries for crop diversity and has been described as a microcenter for some crops, which originated in different parts of the world. Landraces of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) show significant diversity in Turkey and have been collected in the framework of the “National Industrial Plant Genetic Resources Project” (NPGRP). Nine hundred and thirty two oilseed and confectionary sunflower accessions are in longterm conservation in the National Seed Gene Bank of Turkey. The mission of the National Sunflower Research Project is to develop improved germplasm and hybrid varieties by conventional and biotechnical breeding techniques ...

Confectionery type sunflower grows generally in Eastern and Middle Anatolia in Turkey but there is no certified seed in the production which have white color with grey stripe. The study covered the confectionery sunflower hybrids developed in Confectionery Sunflower Breeding Project conducted by Trakya Agricultural Research Institute, Edirne, Turkey. The candidate confectionery hybrids were tested and evaluated in the regional yield trials in Trakya Region in 2009-2010. Seed yield, 1000 seed weight, flowering and physiological maturity period, plant height, head diameter, oil content were measured. Based on trial results; some experimental hybrids exhibited higher performance than controls for both for seed yield and seed weight and promising candidate hybrids were selected to send to registration trials. From these promising hybrids, 09 TRÇ 003 and 09 TRÇ 004 confectionery hybrid were sent to registration trials in 2011 2012, respectively and production permission were obtained for...

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) sustains frequently into severe droughts in recent years due to global warming as a spring crop. These abiotic stress affects seed yield highly resulting important yield loses as well as in oil yield in sunflower because especially the hot temperatures during grain filling period firstly reduce water quickly in the seed with resulting empty kernels. Therefore, sunflower breeders screen genotypes for searching drought tolerant genes in their sunflower breeding programs frequently to develop drought tolerant hybrids because only tolerant ones which have higher adaption capability to dry areas could be planted widely in the next years. The study was conducted in under controlled environmental conditions in Trakya Agricultural Research Institute, Edirne Turkey where is in Trakya Region which is European part of Turkey has about 50% of Turkish sunflower production areas growing in rain fed conditions. Some phenological and yield traits as well as total chlorophyll contents of some sunflower male inbred lines at R3, R5-1 and R6 growing periods as three drought stress applications were examined in the study. Correlation and regression analysis were performed to determine the relationships between seed yield and other yield traits. Based on correlation study results, the significant relationships were observed between seed yield per head and other yield traits (plant height, head diameter, leaf number and area, oil content and yield and thousand seed weights) in sunflower male lines both in control and three stress conditions except total Chlorophyll content in stress conditions. There are significant linear and quadratic relationships between seed yield and other yield traits based on regression analysis results in the study. The relationships of yield traits in this drought tolerance research will associate in sunflower breeding program then it will help starting to develop drought tolerant genotypes for future to escape away from drought stress in global warming conditions.

The genus Helianthus, belonging to the Asteraceae family, is a very diverse genus that consists of 53 species including 14 annuals and 39 perennials. The large number of wild sunflower species constitutes a genetic pool for crop improvement providing breeders with potentially useful agricultural traits, such as increased disease resistance, high oil content, better abiotic stress tolerance, early maturity, enhanced antioxidant potential. These advantageous agronomic characteristics could be introduced into elite parental lines by interspecific crosses. The main goal of the present investigation was to examine the antioxidant capacity of different sunflower species grown in the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics (Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria) and Trakya University (Edirne, Turkey) using Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, and leaf flavonoid content. We analyzed the annuals (2n=2x=34) Helianthus petiolaris ssp. petiolaris, H. praecox ssp. runyonii, H. praecox ssp. praecox, H. praecox ssp. hirtus, the diploid perennials (2n=2x=34) H. divaricatus, H. salicifolius (2 populations), H. pauciflorus, H. smithii, H. grosseserratus, and hexaploid (2n=6x=102) H. tuberosus. Altogether, this work provides experimental evidences for the highly variable antioxidant activity of the studied sunflower accessions, which could be used as a basis for development of novel cultivars with desirable antioxidant properties.

Trial with 10 samples of garden peas was performed on the experimental fields of the Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria during three years period. Three of samples had afila leaf type (Echo-af., Kazino-af. and line 22/16-af.), while the other seven (Marsy-n., Plovdiv-n., line 22/16-n., Shugar dwarf-n., Vecherniza-n., line B4/34-n. and line 1/17-n.)normal leaf type. In the stage of technological maturity of 10 plants from each sample the next indicators were evaluated: plant height (сm), height to first fertile node (сm), internode length (сm), tillers number, branches number, ineffective nodes number, total number of nodes, total number of pods per plant, 1 pod per fruiting handle, 2 pods per fruiting handle, pod length (сm), pod width (сm), pod weight per plant (g), green grains weigh per plant (g), % filled grains, % unfilled grains, average number of grains per pod. Regression analysis was applied and based on the values of the regression coefficient (R) it was found the most significant role in the formation of grain productivity was attributed to total number of nodes (R = 1.190), pods weight (R = 0.610) and height to first fertile node (R = 0.162). The analysis allows determining through which structural elements of the yield it is possible to more effectively increase the productivity of green grains from plants. Based on the regression dependencies, the effectiveness of the selection performance in the sampled garden pea can be successfully predicted.

The obtained higher yield results in the study indicated that confectionery sunflower had more potential especially in irrigated conditions, due to that confectionery price 3 times more than oil type. The candidate hybrids revealed mostly requested parameters for confectionery such as lower oil content (≤30%) and bigger size and also having earliness like oil types. Mainly negative correlation coefficients were calculated among yield traits in the research. The 1000 seed weight had more significant relationships with other traits and it is only significant trait related with sed yield with flowering but in negative way.

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is the most important edible oil crop in Turkey. Downy mildew and broomrape are the most important limiting factors for yield production in sunflower areas both in Turkey and also Eastern Europe and Black Sea countries. High or mid oleic type sunflower have recently started to gain importance year by year in the world because of that high oleic acid sunflower oil is more appropriate for frying as it is more beneŞcial to health. Therefore, higher oleic varieties will be demanded frequently in the future both in Turkey and also in the world. The study is involved the oleic type sunflower hybrids developed in Hybrid Sunflower Breeding Project conducted by Trakya Agricultural Research Institute, Edirne, Turkey. The measured values were evaluated in oleic type hybrids evaluated in regional yield trials in dry conditions at Edirne and Luleburgaz in the project during 2011 and2012. Oleic type hybrids resistant to broomrape and downy mildew were tested in yi...

Arastirmada ayciceginde (Helianthus annuus L.) tane verimi ile verimin olusumunda etkili diger verim ogeleri arasinda iliskileri 5 yillik bir periyotta, ayciceginin en fazla ekildigi Trakya Bolgesinde iki farkli lokasyonda inceleyerek etkilesimlerini ortaya cikarmak amaciyla regresyon ve korelasyon analizi yapilmistir. Yapilan regresyon analizlerinde, tane verimi - verim ogeleri iliskisinde lokasyonlar arasinda belirgin farkliliklar ortaya cikmistir. Denemelerde erkenci cesitler on plana cikarken, her iki lokasyonda da yag orani arttikca tane verimi artarken, Edirne deki sonuclar bu artisin % 48 e kadar sinirli oldugu, bin tohum agirliginda da genelde paralel olarak gorulen artisin, kuadratik bir yon ile 50-55 g dan sonra duraklayip dusus gosterdigini ortaya koymustur. En yuksek belirleme katsayisinin goruldugu bitki boyu – verim ve tabla capi iliskisindeki Edirne lokasyonundaki lineer pozitif artis, Kirklareli de 165 cm den sonra, tabla capinda da 20 cm de duraklamis olup, tane ver...

● Sunflower is mostly grown for oil in the world and is the most important oil crop in Turkey. To develop new sunflower cultivars with higher oil content and seed yield is the primary goal in the sunflower breeding programs. Knowing the relationship between oil content and other important yield traits in sunflower is important for sunflower breeders to select accurately the best hybrids. Therefore, to investigate these relationships, correlation and regression analyses were performed. ● The experiments were conducted in Trakya Region which is in the European part of Turkey and represents 70% of the sunflower growing region of Turkey, in 2009 and 2010. Five yield trials consisting of 135 candidate sunflower hybrids in 2009 with three controls and four yield trials consisting of 100 hybrids and four controls were conducted in two locations (Edirne and Luleburgaz) in Turkey in 2010. The control hybrids were the top-selling sunflower hybrids in Turkish market in 2009-2010. Correlation a...

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the main oil crops in the world but it is the essential oilseed in Turkey. Sunflower grows widely in the Turkey and also other countries due to higher adaption capability, higher mechanization use, easy marketing, and also it is one of most preferable and consuming vegetable oil in Turkey. Weeds and broomrape parasite is the devastating biotic stress factor limited seed and oil yield in sunflower production. Clearfield System hybrids resistant to Imidazilonone (IMI) herbicide which controls both broomrape and also key broad-leaf weeds is commonly use in the world widely, because Clearfield system is easy solution both for broomrape problem and also especially large leaf weeds such as Xanthium strumarium Wallr. Chenopodium album L., Echinochloa cruss-galli, Sinapsis arvensis L., Amaranthus spp., Solanum nigrum L., Datura stramonium L. ragweed, Avena spp. etc. in sunflower production. The study conducted to determine IMI sunflower hybrid perf...

Sunflower is one of the mos t significant oilseed crops in the world. Sunflower lines with high oleic content have high oxidative s tability of its oil. Orobanche cumana Wallr., which is a holoparasitic plant infecting the sunflower roots, is one of the limiting factors for sunflower production especially in Eas tern Europe and Turkey. Screening for high oleic acid content and broomrape resis tant sunflower genotypes by s tandard methods is time consuming and expensive. Molecular markers associated with high oleic acid trait or broomrape resis tance are useful and rapid tool in order to facilitate sunflower breeding program. In this s tudy, two markers were chosen; SSR marker and HO PCR specific fragment for genotyping the 250 sunflower inbred lines for high oleic acid content. According to our results, high oleic acid containing hybrids expressed a specific SSR band at 246 bp, and also HO PCR specific fragment at 870 bp. Also, determination of broomrape resis tance for these 250 su...

Whereas traditional sunflower with high linoleic acid is predominant, the worldwide demand for oleictype sunflower has been increasing gradually. However, while oleic-type of sunflower has been raised in the USA since 1995 with the mid-oleic NuSun trademark, sunflower produced in Turkey is still almost only of the linoleic acid type and few steps have been taken so far to make the oleic-type more widespread in both production and usage in this country. Aside from the U.S., the most important European sunflower production has totally shifted to oleic-type and now even 75–80% of the share has been reached in France. Actually, Turkey has a big potential for oleic-type of sunflower oil since 600–700 t of worldwide sunflower oil consumption of around 10 million t is consumed by Turkish people. Besides, contrary to the traditional linoleic-type, oleic type sunflower oil totally conforms to EU Biodiesel Standard of EN 14214 and Turkish Biodiesel Standard of TS EN 1421 due to its lower iodi...

Path and correlation analysis were performed to investigate the relationships between seed yield and other important yield components in sunflower during 5 years period in Edirne–Turkiye conditions. To determine the level and forms of these relationships, regression analysis was utilized. Plant height, 1000 seed weight and head diameter were found positively and significantly correlated with sunflower yield. However, earliness of hybrids also played an important role in determining seed yield in sunflower. To get higher yield performance, oil type sunflower hybrids should have higher seed volume, higher oil content, taller plant height, larger heads, and lower husk contents. These hybrids should have also earlier flowering period and shorter physiological maturity duration than 107 days.

Downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii (Farlow) Berlese & de Toni) is widely observed in sunflower planted areas in Trakya region depending on climatic conditions in some years. Although genetically resistant hybrids to downy mildew have just started to plant recently in Turkey, they have been planting many years in European countries. In the study, to determine the situation of downy mildew in Trakya region, leaf samples were collected from mildew infested plants in different areas representing complete region. Consequently, a mixture of all different races was constituted and these leaf samples were dried at shadow at 24-48 hours period, and then they were stored in the refrigerator at -80 oC. Mildew spore solution from these stored plant samples. This spore solution was infested to experimental materials. In the research, HA-89 and 6626-A female lines were found to be to downy mildew and RHA-419, HA-460, RHA-436, RHA-437 and RHA-340 inbred lines were observed as resistant to the dise...

This book, edited by Dr S. K. Gupta, covers important topics by expert scientists on breeding major oil crops. The demand for growing oil crops is increasing continuously in view of growing world population and the ever-increasing threat of climate change. The book presents detailed chapters on the 11 most important oil crops, including brassicas, sunflower, sesame, safflower, oil palm, coconut, cotton, castor, olive, soybean and groundnut. However, keeping in view the recent advances in plant genomics, there are some chapters like chapter 6 on safflower, chapter 8 on coconut and chapter 9 on cotton, where authors have presented less information on the role of genomics and molecular breeding in the improvement of these crops. Nevertheless, the book, in my opinion, is timely and will prove useful for researchers, scholars and teachers in their chosen subject areas.

Clearfield ® (CL) production system is the using post-emergence Imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides and resistant sunflowers to control both major broad leaves and also broomrape. CL technology has been used successfully in sunflower production for ten years in Eastern Europe. The trials were conducted in Trakya Region of Turkey in 2009-2011. While the cost of herbicide application CL system was about 60 $ per ha, this cost was about 120 $ per ha classical system so herbicide costs is two times less in CL system. The seed yield performances and also some yield traits of both classical broomrape resistant and IMI herbicide resistant sunflower hybrids were evaluated in the study. Based on the results, there is not much big difference on especially seed yield between these two group hybrids. As a result, CL system, it could be advised especially larger planted areas, worker problem areas and heavily weed infested area in all sunflower planted regions.

WORLD OILSEEDS CONGRESS
http://worldoilseed.org
November 6-7, 2019
Lviv, Ukraine

“World Oilseed Congress” is a premier international science, bringing together producers, trade, industry, technology and business focusing on oilseeds. The program will include a plenary session on oilseed production, markets, economics and the policies and regulations governing oil trade. The technical sessions will highlight invited and oral presentations on congress topics.
The congress will be green congress basis so as much as less papers will be used and with carrying out our environment.
Congress language is ENGLISH.
Congress Topics:
• All oilseeds (Sunflower, Canola, Peanut, Flax, Sesame, Cottonseed, Castor, Palm, Olive and other oilseeds) production, breeding, agronomy, biotechnology, etc.
• World oilseed and oil trade,
• Oilseed and Oil chemistry
• Oilseed and Oil Industry and sector
• Oilseed and Oil equipment
• Nutrition and Lipids
• Processing and Industrial Applications
• Food Applications and Products
• Methods and Standards
INVITED SPEAKERS
Prof Dr Aziz TEKIN, President of Oil Science and Technology Association, Turkey (YABITED), Dean of Engineering Faculty, Ankara University, Turkey, Euro Fed Lipid Board Member
Metin YURDAGUL, President of Margarine Producers and Industry Association, Turkey (MUMSAD),
Dr. Leonardo VELASCO, Director of IAS-CSIC, Córdoba, Spain, EUCARPIA Oilseed Coordinator
Prof. Dr Maria DUCA, Rector of University of National Academy of Sci. Moldova
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nooduan MUANGSAN, Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand
Prof. Dr. Nurhan T. DUNFORD, Oklahoma State University, USA

IMPORTANT DATES
Deadlines of Abstract Submission ~ August 1st 2019
Deadlines of Full Paper Submission ~ November 1st 2019
Deadlines for Early Registration ~ May 31st 2019
Congress Dates ~ November 6-7, 2019
Early Registration fee for Academicians & Researchers 125 Euro, Students for 75 Euro
Early Registration fee for Industry 200 Euro, Late registration 250 Euro
Registration Fee covers attending of all Congress sessions, Congress materials (bag, flash memory, etc.), coffee breaks, lunches, transfers between the congress center and hotels during the Congress (November 6th – 7th), city excursion in November 7th and gala dinner on November 7th.
Congress papers will be published in Congress Abstract of Proceeding Book. Additionally, the participants are encouraged to send their full papers that after the Congress are going to be published in indexed International Scientific Journals or Congress Proceeding Book.
Abstract submission and registration link is below. http://oilseed.congress.gen.tr/
You can get more information from our web page.  https://worldoilseed.org/
Wait you to attend in our congress…
See you in Lviv, Ukraine..

Prof. Dr. Yalcin KAYA
Chair of Organizing Committee

This conference is a premier international science, technology and business forum focusing on sunflower oil. However, a general session will also highlight other vegetable oils. The program will include a plenary session on sunflower oil markets, economics and the policies and regulations governing sunflower oil trade. The technical sessions will highlight invited and volunteer oral presentations. The best presentations and posters for both for academic participants and also students will be selected and awarded in three categories as oil quality, oil process and crop production. The students are strongly encouraged to submit an application for the student poster award also. Three student posters will be selected to receive 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd place monetary awards and a certificate during the conference also. The conference will be green conference basis so as much as less papers will be used and with carrying out our environment. Abstract book will be published in as electronic book in flash memory sticks which will be distributed during the conference. On the other, poster will be prepared electronically and submit via web page and will be exhibited in electronic poster panels. The attendees will have ample opportunities for learning, reconnecting, engaging and networking with colleagues in academia and industry and meet with exhibitors.

http://agbiol.org 
Edirne, Turkey, September 2-5, 2018
This conference is a premier international science, technology and business forum focusing on Agriculture, Biology and Life Science. The technical sessions will highlight invited and volunteer oral presentations. The best presentations and posters for both for academic participants and also students will be selected and awarded in three categories as Agriculture, Biology and Life Science. The students are strongly encouraged to submit an application for the student poster award also. Three student posters will be selected to receive 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd place monetary awards and a certificate during the conference also. The conference will be green conference basis so as much as less papers will be used and with carrying out our environment. Abstract book will be published in as electronic book in flash memory sticks which will be distributed during the conference. On the other, poster will be prepared electronically and submit via web page and will be exhibited in electronic poster panels. The attendees will have ample opportunities for learning, reconnecting, engaging and networking with colleagues in academia and industry and meet with exhibitors.

INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL, BIOLOGICAL AND LIFE SCIENCE CONFERENCE
http://agbiol.org 
September 2-5, 2018 organized by Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey,
This conference is a premier international science, technology and business forum focusing on Agriculture, Biology and Life Science. The technical sessions will highlight invited and volunteer oral presentations. The best presentations and posters for both for academic participants and also students will be selected and awarded in three categories as Agriculture, Biology and Life Science. The students are strongly encouraged to submit an application for the student poster award also. Three student posters will be selected to receive 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd place monetary awards and a certificate during the conference also. The conference will be green conference basis so as much as less papers will be used and with carrying out our environment. Abstract book will be published in as electronic book in flash memory sticks which will be distributed during the conference. On the other, poster will be prepared electronically and submit via web page and will be exhibited in electronic poster panels. The attendees will have ample opportunities for learning, reconnecting, engaging and networking with colleagues in academia and industry and meet with exhibitors.

This conference is a premier international science, technology and business forum focusing on Agriculture, Biology and Life Science. The technical sessions will highlight invited and volunteer oral presentations. The best presentations and posters for both for academic participants and also students will be selected and awarded in three categories as Agriculture, Biology and Life Science. The students are strongly encouraged to submit an application for the student poster award also. Three student posters will be selected to receive 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd place monetary awards and a certificate during the conference also. The conference will be green conference basis so as much as less papers will be used and with carrying out our environment. Abstract book will be published in as electronic book in flash memory sticks which will be distributed during the conference. On the other, poster will be prepared electronically and submit via web page and will be exhibited in electronic poster panels. The attendees will have ample opportunities for learning, reconnecting, engaging and networking with colleagues in academia and industry and meet with exhibitors.

This conference is a premier international science, technology and business forum focusing on sunflower oil. However, a general session will also highlight other vegetable oils. The program will include a plenary session on sunflower oil markets, economics and the policies and regulations governing sunflower oil trade. The technical sessions will highlight invited and volunteer oral presentations. The best presentations and posters for both for academic participants and also students will be selected and awarded in three categories as oil quality, oil process and crop production. The students are strongly encouraged to submit an application for the student poster award also. Three student posters will be selected to receive 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd place monetary awards and a certificate during the conference also. The conference will be green conference basis so as much as less papers will be used and with carrying out our environment. Abstract book will be published in as electronic book in flash memory sticks which will be distributed during the conference. On the other, poster will be prepared electronically and submit via web page and will be exhibited in electronic poster panels. The attendees will have ample opportunities for learning, reconnecting, engaging and networking with colleagues in academia and industry and meet with exhibitors.
https://isoa-sunoil.org/events/sunflower-oil-production-quality-and-applications-1-1/about-program

There is over 800 registrations with 280 papers from 41 different countries in the world. It will be the biggest conference until today.
The conference will be organized by Trakya University and International Sunflower Association in Edirne which is so lovely, historical and a border city in the European part of Turkey..
http://www.isc2016.org/

Forage peas hybrid lines №PL, №6, №11, №12A, №13, №14, Taskent, Tore and Mir variety (standard) were studied in point of view phenological development, viz. the beginning of flowering stage after sowing, technical maturity, vegetation period duration. The study was performed in two locations both situated in the Central part of the Danube hilly plain region of Bulgaria (2017-2019). Location A (43o 23’N, 24o 34’E, 230 m altitude), podzolized soil subtype; location B (43.41º N, 24.61º E), haplustoll soil subtype. The lines and cultivars studied differ in the phenological development. For the location A, the earliest lines at the beginning of
flowering stage were found №14, followed by №PL, №12, Mir and №6, Tore, №13, №11. The difference in days was 13. For the location B the earliest lines at the beginning of flowering stage were found №14, №PL, №12A, Mir, №6, Tore and №11. The difference in days was 16. Vegetation period of the genotypes studied was found shorter for the location B with 17 days despite the late sowing data. For both locations the earliest lines/cultivars were found №14 (coef. 1.00, followed by №PL (coef. 1.42), №12A (coef. 1.46), Mir (coef. 1.50) and №6 (coef. 1.60). From the tested samples pea line №14 and №PL were highly productive in grain. Lines
№6, №12A and the Taskent variety were responsive with average grain yield. Therefore, the line №14 and line №PL are of interest for both earliness and grain productivity. The data obtained can be a contribution to the selection of winter forage pea to create new genotypes with pronounced both early maturity and grain productivity.

Dear Colleagues,

I am inviting you III. INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL, BIOLOGICAL & LIFE SCIENCE CONFERENCE.

AGBIOL 2021 Conference
September 1-3, 2020, Edirne, Turkey
http://agbiol.org/

The first AGBIOL conference has been organized in 2018 in Edirne, Turkey by Trakya University, with over 400 participants. Our conference is a premier international science, technology and business forum focusing on Agriculture, Biology and Life Sciences.
AGBIOL 2020 Conference was organized online in September 1-3, 2020 in Edirne, Turkey due to Covid 19 conditions with 480 abstracts with 1100 authors from 55 different countries in all parts of the world. Our e-conference was one of the biggest online conferences in recent years in the world with 333 oral, 147 e-poster presentations.

The Organizing Committee of AGBIOL 2021 considers the health, safety, and security of its conference attendees and community as its top priority. Due to an uncertain COVID-19 situation, which results in a very difficult travel restriction for most countries and the fact that there is no definite end in sight, with a careful consideration in all aspects, AGBIOL 2021 will be on-line as digital event, in lieu of an in-person event and with limited participation in controlled conditions.

The AGBIOL 2021 conference will be organized by Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey focusing on Agriculture, Biology and Life Sciences topics, on September 1-3, 2021. The event will be held in TU Balkan Congress Center in Edirne, Turkey. The program will include oral talks by invited prominent scientists as well selected topics from the submitted abstracts.
The preferable conference presentation language is English, but Turkish, French and Russian will be also acceptable. Same language presentations will be organized in separate virtual or normal sessions.
However, please keep in mind that all the submitted abstracts and full papers must be in English only.
The participants with paid conference fee will be able to access all the virtual presentation talks in each session, as well as to visit the virtual poster hall via preliminary provided participant ID and codes for online participants as well as for normal participants in conference site.

Abstract deadline is July 21st, 2021.

The selected abstracts will be published in the Conference Abstract and Proceedings Book. Participants might send us their full papers, which based on their preferences will be published either in our Conference Abstract and Proceedings Book or in selected International Indexed Scientific Journals.
The best five selected full papers related to food science will be published in SCI indexed Journal; Journal of Food Processing and Preservation
The best three selected full papers related to soil science and plant nutrients will be published in Scopus indexed Journal; Eurasian Journal of Soil Science
There is other options also to publish your papers in our international indexed journals too.
All virtual and normal participants will receive participation certificates and a copy of Conference Abstract and Proceedings Book, which will be send as PDF file via e-mail.

Conference fee:
Early registration (before 21st July) – 100 Euro;
Late registration (after 21st July) – 150 Euro;
Students early registration – 50 Euro;
Students late registration – 75 Euro;
Turkish participants early registration – 400 TL (students – 200 TL)
Turkish participants late registration – 600 TL (students – 300 TL)

See you in our conference!
Sincerely,

Prof Dr Yalcin KAYA
Chair of Organizing Committee

Wheat is originated from Turkey and has been cultivated in large fields for 2000 years in Turkey. Since bread is the most common consumed food in the tables and Turkey exists the top bread consumer countries in the world. Therefore, wheat the most produced crop in Turkey and also remain as the essential crop in the rotation as wheat-sunflower in the Trakya region which is European part of Turkey. Clearfield System developed by BASF which combination of IMI (Imidazolinone) herbicide and resistant varieties commonly use many crops such as corn, sunflower, canola, etc. and started to use since the beginning of 21th century. However, neither any IMI resistant wheat not IMI herbicide for using in wheat production in Turkey. TRAGEN started first time in Turkey IMI resistant wheat cultivar breeding program and first candidate cultivars were developed and tested in 2017. The study was conducted to test performance of some IMI type wheat cultivars in Trakya Region conditions in 2017-2018 growing season in Edirne and Kirklareli locations. Trakya Region exists in the main wheat producing region in Turkey after middle Anatolia. Trials were conducted with four replications at Randomized Complete Block Design (RCB). 5 candidate wheat lines and four control cultivars which are the most planted and preferred wheat cultivars by farmers and flour industry in Trakya Region as Pehlivan, Gelibolu, Esperia and Flamura-85 existed in yield trials. Based on experiment results, some IMI cultivars exhibited higher seed yield performances over control cultivars and the average of seed yield was calculated as 724 kg/da. TRAGEN-101 IMI was existed in top rank based on average seed yield and TRAGEN TRAGEN-101 IMI, 103 IMI and IMI 102 followed this candidate. The candidate also evaluated and compared with control cultivars based seed and flour quality results. As results, TRAGEN Ltd IMI wheat cultivars having promising were sent to registration trials to produce and then exist in Turkish seed market firstly.

Barley is the second most produced field crop other than wheat in Turkey. Barley is commonly producing for animal feed and malt production in Turkey. Barley also exists main field crop in rotations in the agriculture production both in the Trakya region and also other parts of Turkey mostly replacing wheat together with other crops such as sunflower, forage crops, etc. in drylands and corn, sugarbeet, etc. in irrigated conditions. The study was conducted to evaluate of performances of some barley cultivars in Trakya Region conditions in 2017-2018 growing season in Edirne and Kirklareli locations. Trials were conducted with four replications at Randomized Complete Block Design (RCB). The experiments were planted by planter in 10 November in 2017 and harvested by harvest combine in 13 July in 2018. Experiment was conducted with four replications at Randomized Complete Block Design (RCB). 25 kg/da N and 5 kg/da P2O5 fertilizer were applied from planting to spiking stage periodically. Seven candidate barley lines and five control cultivars which are the most planted and preferred barley cultivars by farmers in Trakya Region as Sladoran, Harman, Hasat, Hazar and Bolayır existed in yield trials in the study. Based on trial results, three barley cultivars exhibited higher seed yield performances over control cultivars and the average of seed yield was calculated as 575 kg/da. TRAGEN-YK4 was existed in top rank based on average seed yield as 681 kg/da and TRAGEN-YK5 and YK3 followed this candidate. The candidates also were evaluated and compared with control cultivars based seed quality results such as hectolitre weight and thousand seed weight too. As results, some TRAGEN Ltd barley cultivars had promising results and the best ones will select based on future yield trials and will send to registration trials for existing in Turkish seed market firstly.

Sunflower is one of the major and leading oilseed crops in Turkey. It is grown mainly Thrace Region of Turkey. Oilseed sunflower was grown 568995 ha area with 1500000 metric ton seed production, and average seed yield of 2640 kg ha-1 in Turkey in 2014. The main objectives of this study were to determine performance of oilseed hybrid varieties which in Aegean region. The experiments were conducted at first crop growing seasons in 2013 on the experiment field of Aegean Agricultural Research Institute in Menemen, Izmir in Aegean Region; Edirne and Luleburgaz in Thrace. The experiments were established in randomized complete block design with four replications. As a material, sunflower oilseed candidate varieties and commercial hybrids were used in this study. Adaptation study were undertaken for the characters seed yield, seed oil content (%), 1000 seed weight, plant height, head diameter, seed length, seed width, hull percentage (%), days to flowering and days to physiological maturity. The results indicated that statistically significant differences were found among the sunflower varieties for the characters in question. The highest seed yield 516 kg da-1 and the lowest 347 kg da-1 was obtained from the varieties 08 TR003 and TE-TM-2012-2 respectively in Menemen. However, in the rain fed condition, the highest seed yields were 209 and 204 kg da-1 were obtained from 08 TR003 in Edirne and LG 5550 in Luleburgaz locations respectively. The results indicated that TE-TM-2012-6 and TE-TM-2012-1 found to be promising candidate hybrids with the high yields over the locations. The results of this study indicated that the production for oilseed sunflower in this region ha the great potentiality. Because of gap for vegetable oil production in Turkey, Aegean Region is one of the possibilities to increase the vegetable oil production.

Anavatanı Amerika olan ayçiçeği cinsi 37 çok yıllık ve 14 tek yıllık olmak
üzere 51 türden oluşmaktadır. Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.), dünyada ve
ülkemizde en önemli yağ bitkilerinden biridir. Artan nüfusa paralel olarak
ülkemizin bitkisel yağ ihtiyacı da yükselmekte olup, bitkisel yağ tüketiminde çoğunlukla ayçiçeği yağını tercihi ve son yıllarda artan yağ açığımız, ülkemizde ayçiçeğinin önemi giderek arttırmaktadır. Fazla bir adaptasyon kabiliyeti olmasına rağmen, ayçiçeği alanları yeterli olmayıp, birim alandan elde edilen gelir de çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı beklenenden düşük olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, ayçiçeğinin geniş alanlarda ekiminin yayılmasının mutlak teşvik edilmesi gereklidir.
Ayçiçeği üretiminde büyük problemlere yol açan orobanş, mildiyö ve diğer
bazı hastalıklara karşı geliştirilen genetik dayanıklı hibritlerin yanı sıra, hem
orobanşı, hem de yaygın yabancı otları kontrol eden Clearfield System
(Imidazolinone (IMI)) ve ayrıca Sulfonlyurea (SU) herbisitlerine dayanıklı
hibritlerin kullanımı son zamanlarda ayçiçeği üretiminde karlılığı arttırmıştır. Bu katkıların çoğu yabani ayçiçeği genetik kaynaklarından elde edilen genlerden elde edilmiştir. Ayçiçeği son yıllarda olumsuz iklim değişikliklerine karşı daha fazla tolerans göstermekte olup, yine dünyada yağlı tohumlara olan talebin artmasına da bağlı olarak Karadeniz bölgesinde ekim alanlarını ve üretimini artırmıştır (Kaya, 2014; Kaya ve Vasilevska-Ivanova, 2021).

Ülkemizin bulunduğu Karadeniz ve Balkan coğrafyasında ayçiçeğinin en önemli problemi orobanş paraziti (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) olup, ayçiçeği veriminde %100’e varan düşüşlere yol açmasının yanında, tanedeki yağ ve protein oranı, bin dane ağırlığı, bitki boyu, tane verimi, tabla çapı ve kalite vb birçok önemli verim öğesini de olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Parazit çok sayıda ırklar geliştirerek genetik
dayanıklılığı kırmakta, çok küçük ve fazla sayıda tohumlarıyla kolayca yayılarak ayçiçeği alanlarında değişik ülkelerde hızlıca ağır epidemilere yol açmaktadır (Kaya, 2014a, 2014b). Orobanşın çok zararlı olmasının nedeni; tohumlarının su, rüzgâr, böcekler veya diğer ajanlar tarafından hızlı ve kolay bir şekilde yayılması ayrıca çiçeklerinin binlerce tohum oluşturabilmesi ve bu tohumların boyutlarının çok küçük olmasıdır. Üstelik bu tohumlar yeniden çimlenebilmek neslini devam ettirmek amacıyla toprakta yıllarca uyku döneminde kalabilirler. Bu yüzden
ayçiçeği üreticileri ve araştırıcıları için çok büyük bir tehdit olarak görülmektedir (Fernández-Martínez vd., 2015).