HGIS

الدورة التدريبية
الإحلال الوظيفي وتصميم خطط التعاقب
15: 19 يناير 2017 م
دبي  – الإمارات العربية المتحدة
للحصــول علــى كافة التفاصيــل واتمــام إجــراءات التسجــيــل برجاء التواصل على إدارة التـدريـب
البريد الإلكتروني: training@iadmena.com
جــــــوال: 00201091780140
هاتــــف: 0020237795650
فاكــــس: 0020237795633
الموقع الإلكتروني: www.iadmena.com

The modelling and visualisation of networks is based on the material in: M. Mullett, Theophylact of Ochrid. Reading the Letters of a Byzantine Archbishop. Birmingham 1997.

The first graph is a visualisation of the connections between letters in localities between which these letters were exchanged (" 2mode network").

The second graph is a visualisation of the weighted network of localities on the basis of Theophylact´s correspondence; two localities are connected if letters of Theophylact were exchanged between them. Links are scaled according to the number of letters within Theophylact´s collection documenting exchanges between them.

The third graph visualises these connections between localities on a map. Links are again scaled according to the number of letters within Theophylact´s collection documenting exchanges between them. The size of nodes is scaled according to their number of connections within the network ("degree").

The fourth graph is a "zoom" into these geographical visualisation of the network for the Western Balkans; links are again scaled according to the number of letters within Theophylact´s collection documenting exchanges between them.

For the localisation of sites within the historical region of Macedonia cf. also the upcoming volumes on Macedonia (Southern Part) by Peter Soustal and on Macedonia (Northern Part) by Mihailo Popovic within the series "Tabula Imperii Byzantini" (http://www.oeaw.ac.at/imafo/die-abteilungen/byzanzforschung/communities-landscapes/historische-geographie/)

For any further questions, please contact Johannes.Preiser-Kapeller@oeaw.ac.at.

This chapter will focus on the study of urban history, increasingly dependent on new communication and representation techniques, such as GIS, which makes it possible to represent change over space and time. This is a critical step forward in urban history, allowing for further developments in research. Scholars can compare historical maps and sequential phases of transformation and adaptation through relational databases of both spatial and non-spatial data, which can then be visualized in thematic maps. Every aspect of a city’s buildings, roads, and rivers can therefore be rendered in 3D and localized with extreme precision. By adding chronological data to engage with the issue of change over time, historical GIS allows scholars to trace and visualize a city’s development as a process stimulated by social and economic events, showing the dynamics of spatial objects that cannot be represented by other means.

W badaniach historycznogeograficznych istotną rolę odgrywają przestrzeń i czas. Szeroko rozumiane środowisko geograficzne jego aspekty przyrodnicze i antropogeniczne są dziś głównym przedmiotem tych badań. Przykładem zjawisk związanych w przestrzenią, czasem i człowiekiem są klęski elementarne. Wartość baz informacji historycznych o klęskach w kontekście analiz przestrzennych, wykonywanych z wykorzystaniem narzędzi GIS, jest różna ze względu na rodzaj i czas powstania źródła. Niedokładność, nieporównywalność i niepewność to główne cechy danych zgromadzonych w bazie opisów klęsk elementarnych opracowanych latach 2005–2014 pod kierunkiem E. Kościk. Wymienione cechy utrudniają bezpośrednie wykorzystanie zebranych informacji w analizach przestrzennych.
Ocena możliwości wykorzystania opisów o klęskach elementarnych, jako podstawy analiz przestrzennych, służących odtworzeniu przebiegu tych zjawisk w euklidesowej przestrzeni geograficznej,  jest głównym problemem badawczym poruszonym w artykule. W rozważaniach wskazano na problemy niepewności i rozmytości, pojawiające się w pojęciach lingwistycznych i geograficznych, jako najistotniejsze do rozwiązania przy wykorzystywaniu informacji zgromadzonych w bazie. Wskazano również na odmienne procedury postępowania ze źródłami powstałymi do końca XVIII w. i z okresu XIX–XX w.

The book is about creating cartographic model of urban structure of titular town (SE Poland) in particular historical period. The case is difficult due to enormous changes of the town during WW2 and following period as well as incomplete cartographic archives. New method of cartographic reconstruction is introduced. Historical-cartographic jigsaw puzzle is verified with "solid" statistical data. The book (in Polish) is available via publisher (http://wydawnictwo.umcs.eu/produkt/5036/bychawa-1919-1939-kartograficzna-rekonstrukcja-miasta) and other bookstores.
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Książka przedstawia proces odtworzenia historycznego układu zabudowy tytułowego miasteczka (woj. lubelskie) w okresie międzywojennym. Rekonstrukcja kartograficzna jest problematyczna ze względu na znaczące zmiany miejscowości podczas II wojny światowej i w czasach późniejszych, jak również ze względu na brak szczegółowych materiałów kartograficznych poprzedzających IIWŚ. Autor proponuje nową metodę rekonstrukcji kartograficznej, w wyniku której opracowuje szczegółowy model zabudowy. Historyczno-kartograficzna układanka podlega weryfikacji w oparciu o "twarde" dane statystyczne. Książka jest dostępna w sprzedaży internetowej na stronie wydawnictwa (http://wydawnictwo.umcs.eu/produkt/5036/bychawa-1919-1939-kartograficzna-rekonstrukcja-miasta) i w innych księgarniach internetowych.

Paper for the conference “Olkas. From Aegean to the Black Sea. Medieval Ports in the Maritime Routes of the East”, Thessalonike, December 2013 (cf. http://www.olkas.net/com/9_Conference) .

Published in: Medieval Ports in North Aegean and the Black Sea.
Links to the Maritime Routes of the East. International Symposium
Thessalonike, 4-6 December 2013. PROCEEDINGS. Edited by Flora Karagianni. Thessalonike 2013.

In 2012, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft granted funding to the major
collaborative research focus “Harbours from the Roman Period to the Middle Ages”
(SPP-1630) with the aim of interdisciplinary research on the phenomenon of the
“harbour”. One of these projects, “Ports and landing places at the Balkan coasts of
the Byzantine Empire (4th-12th century). Monuments and technology, economy and
communication”, focuses on the coastline from Dalmatia via the Aegean Sea to the
western Black Sea and the Danube delta. Based on an analysis of all available
sources and archaeological evidence, the aim is a complete survey of the coastal
towns, bays and estuaries documented in these regions for the period 300-1204 AD;
this should make possible differentiations with regard to the respective local significance
of harbours for regional communication as well as for long-distance trade.
The project will use the well-established methodological toolkit of the Tabula
Imperii Byzantini for the survey of the historical and monumental evidence in order to
augment the data basis of the already existing volumes of the TIB. At the same time,
we intend to combine this information with digital geo-data both from published material
(in print and online) as well as from own exploring voyages in the region; on
this basis, modern tools of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can be used for
the analysis of maritime sites and transport systems. The aim of the present paper is
a demonstration of the explanatory value of instruments of GIS as well as of network
analysis on various levels for research on maritime sites, regions and networks with
three short case studies in order to illustrate the potential of our approach within
Byzantine maritime studies. These three case studies have been selected from regions
within the modern borders of Greece (respectively beyond for the last one),
which is the area of responsibility of the author of this paper in the above mentioned
project.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15230406.2021.1910074

This article discusses ways of representing motion and simultaneity in cartography regarding historical processes. The main goal is to debate the visual language necessary for representing speed, rhythm, stops, as well as continuous and discontinuous movements in space. The analysis starts with an assessment of how the idea of motion has been represented in cartography in general, followed by an investigation into how historians have used these visual resources to represent historical processes. A panoramic analysis of studies focuses on the representation of motion in cartography leading to the second part of the article, with an exploratory approach on a venture in search of inspiration into the field of visual arts. Ideas were sought from a panoramic collection of traditional painting and comics, in which some essential concepts were found, especially the concept of transition between frames. In addition, some techniques from visual arts, such as sharpness densities, displacement effects, as well as shorten and lengthen effects, were considered to be relevant features in cartography. The conclusion highlights a great diversity of possible manners for representing motion and speed in maps of historical studies.

This dissertation explores the intersection between mining
technology, industrial heritage, and environmental history, using iron
mining in the Mesabi Range of the Lake Superior Iron District as its
core case study. What impact did technological shifts in iron mining
and ore processing have on the environment of the Lake Superior
basin? How did the environmental changes wrought from low-grade
iron ore mining and processing, such as the expansion of open-pits
and the production of tailings, affect different communities in
Minnesota’s Mesabi Range? And finally, how have the environmental
legacies of iron mining been remembered and memorialized, or
ignored and forgotten?

Published in: Islam and Christianity in Medieval Anatolia, ed. by A.C.S. Peacock, Bruno De Nicola and Sara Nur Yıldız, all at the University of St Andrews, UK. Ashgate 2015 (http://www.ashgate.com/default.aspx?page=637&calcTitle=1&isbn=9781472448637&lang=cy-gb)

The ports and coastal zones constituted the most important points of interaction between the interior of Anatolia and the Mediterranean world; only along the 600 km long coast of Lycia and Pamphylia, for instance, medieval sources list almost 100 ports and landing places.  With the (anew) advance of the Seljuks towards the coast (conquest of Attaleia/Antalya in 1207, conquest of Sinope in 1214) and the increasing presence of Italian merchants in the harbours of the Aegean, the Black Sea and the Levant, maritime Asia Minor became a zone of intensive contacts between Byzantines (after 1204 in the exile realms of Nicaea and Trebizond), Armenians (in the Kingdom of Cilicia), Turks, Persians and Arabs (in the Sultanate of Konya) and “Latins” respectively “Franks”, thus also between Orthodox, Oriental and Western Churches as well as Islam (in its various denominations). With the fragmentation of Seljuk central power after the defeat against the Mongols in 1243 into various Emirates and their expansion especially into Western Asia Minor towards the Aegean and the establishment of Italian colonies (including “Catholic” bishoprics) in coastal towns and offshore islands (e. g. the Genoese on Chios and in Phokaia/Foça) and of the Knights Hospitallers on Rhodes, the number of zones of interaction, but also conflict increased (relocation of crusading efforts towards the Aegean in the 14th century, for instance). At the same time, Venetians and Genoese integrated all these locations and regions as hubs and nodes into their commercial networks and into the late medieval “World System”.  With the Ottoman Expansion, these territories were absorbed into one imperial framework once more (as it has existed under Byzantine rule until the 11th century), which finally also included the remaining western colonies (Rhodes in 1522/1523, Chios in 1566, Cyprus in 1571). During this period, “no other region of Europe or the Mediterranean became a cynosure of so many ethnicities in such a small place”.
Some of these aspects, such as the intensive trade between Venetian Crete and the Emirates in South-western Anatolia or the Genoese and the Turks in the 14th and 15th century , the military conflict between Crusaders and Turks in the Aegean  or the establishment of Latin monastic communities and bishoprics in the region  have already been analysed in greater detail. The same is true for aspects of religious transformations (especially conversions to Islam) in the region in the early modern period  as well as in late medieval centuries, but less so for maritime aspects of the organisation, identity and dynamics of various religious groups.  A view from the sea towards the coasts of Anatolia also opens a new perspective away from a “continental” overlapping of competing territorial claims towards a sum of potential nodal points within the late medieval network of socioeconomic interactions, which often modified or even overcame lines of religious, ethnic or political differentiation.
As we demonstrate in this paper, there existed various and manifold channels of encounters across religious border in maritime Asia Minor; their systematic survey and mapping contributes to a further embedding of the processes of political, economic and religious transformation in Anatolia in these centuries within the late medieval Mediterranean and Islamic world, complementary to already existing projects just as “The Islamisation of Anatolia” (https://www.islam-anatolia.ac.uk/).

We mapped seven fortresses and their visual communication near Drina river. All, except Đurđevac, haven't been mentioned in written sources. It should be pointed out that without detailed archaeological research existence of  fortress Višesava must be taken with caution. Although line of communication between Kozjak and Solotnik indicates that some difference structure should have existed on that location.
Maps were created on DEM based data in software MicroDEM.
These maps are still work in progress so please share your thoughts, critics and ideas.

Our paper is based on results from the FWF project “Byzantino-Serbian Border Zones in Transition: Migration and Elite Change in pre-Ottoman Macedonia (1282-1355)” (P 30384-G28). The Balkans witnessed a time of war and change of power between the Byzantine Empire and the Serbian Kingdom in the 13th and 14th centuries. The Serbian expansion took place from the important city of Skopje in the North in the direction of the town of Prilep in the South in various stages from 1282 until 1334.
For our paper, two source-based terms in medieval Serbian charters are essential. Firstly, these charters attest to so-called exaleimmata (abandoned landed property). Secondly, we come across the term selište. It indicates either a settlement site, which was foreseen to be resettled, or a destroyed village. We can tell the difference in many cases, because the sources highlight very often explicitly that a settlement site was deserted (in Serbian pusto). Our hypothesis is that these deserted villages could mark a path of destruction, on which King Stefan Dušan marched to the South against the Byzantine Empire.

Den Ausgangspunkt dieser Monographie bilden die seit Jahrzehnten verankerte Methode des Projektes der Tabula Imperii Byzantini (TIB) der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und die daraus anhand des Quellenstudiums gewonnenen Lemmata zu den Toponymen der historischen Landschaft Makedonien, wie sie im Rahmen des Teilprojektes „Makedonien, nördlicher Teil“ (TIB 16) vorab definiert wurde.
Der Verfasser hat bewußt eine Mesoregion aus diesem umfassenden Bearbeitungsgebiet von TIB 16 gewählt, nämlich die Flußtäler der Strumica (Strumešnica) und der Kriva Lakavica zwischen den Orten Štip im Nordwesten und Melnik im Osten, um an ebendieser seine Gedanken einer innovativen Weiterentwicklung der historisch-geographischen Erforschung des Byzantinischen Reiches exemplarisch darzulegen bzw. zu formulieren.
Diese Weiterentwicklung wird in insgesamt neun Abschnitten umfassend erläutert. Ausgehend von der TIB setzt der Verfasser zunächst einen Schwerpunkt auf die Untersuchung der erwähnten Mesoregion unter dem Gesichtspunkt siedlungstheoretischer Überlegungen. Namentlich wird die modifizierte „Central Place Theory“ auf insgesamt vier Untereinheiten der Mesoregion angewandt, um deren räumliche Ausgestaltung bzw. Differenzierung vom 13. bis zum 16. Jahrhundert erfaßbar zu machen. Daraus lassen sich neben Daten zur Zentralität auch jene zur Siedlungsentwicklung – wie zum Beispiel zu Wüstungsprozessen, Kolonisation und Siedlungskontinuität – herauslesen. Aufgezeigt wird zudem die Bedeutung der Weidewirtschaft in der Nutzung von vermeintlichem „Niemandsland“ zwischen Siedlungen, die sowohl in den schriftlichen Quellen als auch im toponomastischen Befund greifbar ist.
Weiters wird veranschaulicht, wie sich der Informationsgehalt mittelalterlicher schriftlicher Quellen und archäologischer Befunde zum Bearbeitungsgebiet sinnvoll durch neuzeitliche Archivalien des 19. Jahrhunderts (d. h. aus vorindustrieller Zeit), durch Surveys vor Ort, durch die Anwendung des Global Positioning System (GPS) und durch den Einsatz der Geoinformatik ergänzen bzw. bereichern läßt. Hierbei tritt deutlich hervor, daß z. B. eine wesentliche Vertiefung der Kenntnisse über den Verlauf von Verkehrswegen in einer Region durch die Einbeziehung der besagten Aspekte (im besonderen durch „ least-cost path“-Modelle sowie Georeferenzierung neuzeitlicher Landkarten) erzielt werden kann.>BR> Nur durch eine zeitintensive Vorbereitung läßt sich feststellen, ob aus der Kombination von schriftlichen Quellen, archäologischem Befund, ergänzenden neuzeitlichen Archivalien und von Surveys samt GPS-Einsatz ein Datensatz erstellt werden kann, der sich in das Rechenmodell geoinformatischer Anwendungen (Geographical Information Systems / GIS) einbetten läßt. Ausgehend von den GPS-Wegpunkten der auf der Basis der schriftlichen Quellen greifbaren Siedlungen, die während der Surveys vor Ort eingemessen wurden, wird eine tiefergreifende Auswertung des Zentralitätsfaktors von Siedlungen mittels historisch-geographischer Netzwerkanalyse präsentiert.
Somit stellt diese Monographie das verbindende Glied in einer langen Kette historisch-geographischer Forschungstätigkeit an der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften dar, indem sie von der bewährten Methode der TIB ausgehend durch gezielte Anwendung von Siedlungstheorien und Geoinformatik den bisherigen Weg bereichert und einen neuen in Richtung GIS, GIS-Datenbanken und verstärkter Internetpräsenz weist.

Ennin's Diary provides important historical data about the social and
economic situations of Tang and the activities of Silla in the dynasty in the ninth century in the position of a Japanese Buddhist pilgrim. Researches on Ennin's Diary have produced various results regardless of East and West and different periods. Despite these achievements, however, there is a shortage of research that conducted comprehensive analysis of place names along Ennin's itinerary. Following the advancement of information and communication technologies that began in the late 1990s, the field of historical studies has been much affected by their development. The historical materials about Korean history have,
in particular, digitized in massive scale, which has led
the growth of research achievements both in quantity and quality. When historical materials become digital, they claim bigger value for utilization, which raises a need to develop new methodologies for historical studies. The recent concept of digital history recognizes the emergence of historical materials that exist only in digital as well as those are digital as well, which raises a need for software education for their use and utilization. This study first aimed to analyze the place names of Ennin's Diary and restore them in digital from the current perspective. That
is, the study would make use of
digital geographic information as a tool to analyze place names unlike previous studies that analyzed place names based on reference data. Such analysis methods based on digital information will help to search for new methodologies in the current situations of digital era and the digitization of historical materials. If such attempts at new methodologies are accumulated consistently, they will facilitate the expansion of boundary in the study of Korean history and make a further step in the realization of digital Korean history as a domain.
Key

Integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) historical sources and geospatial technology offers a fruitful new approach to mapping, analyzing, and modeling the past. This project employs sources freely available online to create a historical geodatabase of the A Line of the Mexican National Railroad circa 1910. The project utilizes satellite imagery, census data, historical maps, train schedules along with postcards and photography from the period, to reconstruct the rail line and its stations shortly before the Mexican Revolution. These sources are combined in a GIS to create a highly accurate map and associated historical database of the system as it existed in the first decade of the 20 th Century. The database suggests the potential of future scholarship combining GIS software, satellite imagery, and online source materials.

This paper presents the Digital Atlas of Portuguese America (Atlas Digital da América Portuguesa), a project that produces an interactive map of South America claimed by the Portuguese between 1500 and 1808, giving a detailed account on the development and structure of this digital cartographic platform. The paper narrates the stages that the project went through and details the structure of integrated tools as well as the process of gathering, organization, and production of the data made available through the Digital Atlas. The main topics include the customizations made in the GIS web-platform i3geo to include time as a central variable, the implementation of the data gathering tool Oduduwa, and the main corpuses of primary sources utilized in the project.

Co-authored with Dr Claire M. Hubbard-Hall. The German military-intelligence service (the Abwehr) was a macrospatial organisation whose clandestine operational activities were significantly affected by such factors as place and space. As the Second World War progressed, the Abwehr’s covert spaces expanded and contracted dynamically, producing some challenging operational environments. The service responded in various ways to a changing landscape engendered by military occupation, overseas deployment, geographical distance, enemy activity, and imminent defeat. In response to the recent spatial turn in the theory and methodology of other disciplines, intelligence historians should now consider incor- porating geospatial viewpoints more often into their textual accounts and perhaps even publishing dynamic online visualisations with the aid of historical geographic information systems (HGIS).