SUPREME HEADQUARTERS ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE

TOP SECRET Auth: SC, AEF  : Initials: MER 25 April 1945

AG 381-1 GCT-AGM

APO 757 (Main) 25 April 1945

SUBJECT:	ECLIPSE Memorandum Number 1
TO:	See Distribution

Attached for your information is revised copy of ECLIPSE Memorandum Number 1. Copies of original issue, forwarded under letter, this headquarters, AG 381-7 GCT-AGM, subject as above, dated 25 November 1944, should be destroyed.

By direction of the Supreme Commander:

/signed/
H. H. NEWMAN
Colonel, AGD
Assistant Adjutant General

Incl:
As stated

DISTRIBUTION:	Copy Nos.
Allied Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force	1-30
Commanding General, 6th Army Group	31-51
Commanding General, 12th Army Group	52-96
Headquarters, 21 Army Group	97-121
Commanding General, First Allied Airborne Army	122-127
Commanding General, Communication Zone, European Theater of Operations, U.S. Army	128-152
Commanding General, First Tactical Air Force (Prov)	153-162
Air Officer Commanding, 2 Tactical Air Force	163-172
Commanding General, Ninth Air Force	173-182
Air Officer Commanding, No. 38 Group RAF	183-184
Air Officer Commanding, No. 46 Group RAF	185-186
Commander, U.S. Naval Forces in Europe	187-191
Commander, U.S. Naval Forces in France	192-196
Commanding General, Mediterranean Theater of Operations, U.S. Army	197-198
Supreme Allied Commander, Mediterranean (including copies for Commander-in-Chief, Allied Armies in Italy)	199-208
Commanding General, U.S. Strategic Air Forces in Europe	209-223
Commanding General, Mediterranean Allied Air Force	224-225
The Secretary, The Admiralty	226-233
Chief of Navy Operations, Navy Department, Washington, D.C.	234-235
The Under Secretary of State, The War Office	236-255

'ECLIPSE' MEMORANDUM NO. 1

The Instrument of Surrender: The Supreme Commander's Special Orders to the German High Command to Supplement the Instrument: Sanctions in the Event of Delinquency.

TABLE OF CONTENTS		Page
Para 1.	Introduction	1
Para 2.	In the Event of Formal Surrender
Para 4.	In the Event of there being no Formal Surrender
Para 7.	Impositions of Sanctions

APPENDIX 'A' -	Summary of the Terms of Surrender			2
APPENDIX 'B' -	Supreme Commander Special Orders to the German High Command (OKW) of common concern to all three services or the direct concern of OWK only			4
	Part I:	General
		para 1. Area of applicability of Special Orders
		para 2. Definitions:	(a) Allied Representatives
			(b) German Armed Forces
		para 3. Orders to Subordinates
		para 4. Responsibility for carrying out orders
		para 7. Information required within 48 hours		5
		para 8. Information required within 14 days
	Part II:	Control, Maintenance and Disarmament of German Armed Forces
		para 10. Control
		para 11. Maintenance
		para 12. Disarmament		6
		para 13. Destruction etc. of War Material
		para 14. Maintenance of War Material
		para 15. Guards on War Material
		para 16. Minefields and other dangerous obstacles
	Part III:	Allied Prisoners of War and Civilian Internees
		para 17. Information required within 48 hours
		para 19. Records		7
		para 21. Hand-over of Control
		para 22. Maintenance
		para 23. Mail
		para 24. Communications
		para 25. Provision of Radio Receivers		8
		para 26. Allied Civilian Internees

				Page
	Part IV --	Miscellaneous
		para 27. Concentration Camps
		para 29. Safety of Non-German Nationals
		para 30. Release of the King of the Belgians
		para 31. Restriction of Movement		9
		para 32. Arrest of Certain Persons
		para 33. Destruction of Concealment etc. of equipment and facilities
		para 34. Protection of Military Archives and Records
		para 35. Manufacture of War Materials
		para 36. Access to Property
		para 37. Blackout Instructions
		para 38. Publication of Newspapers, etc.
	Part V --	Inland Transport, Ports and Merchant Shipping
		para 39. Information Required		10
		para 40. Measures to be taken by the German High Command		11
	Part VI --	Telecommunications
		para 41. Definition
		para 42. Information required within 48 hours
		para 43. Information required within within 14 days
		para 44. Sabotage
		para 45. Handing over of telecommunication systems
		para 47. Provision of Advisory & Liaison Personnel to Allied Military Headquarters
		para 48. Staffing of System
		para 49. Addresses of Personnel
		para 50. Closing down & re-opening of telecommunication systems
		para 51. Jamming
		para 52. Dine Telephone Circuits
		para 53. Radio Telegraph Circuits		14
		para 54. Call Sign and Code Name Systems
		para 55. Codes & Ciphers
		para 56. Factories and Workshops
		para 57. Research Laboratories
		para 58. Removal of Mines etc.
		para 59. Communications for Allied Prisoner of War Camps
		para 60. Telecommunications in NORWAY
Annexure I	List of War Materials to be withdrawn from the Germans			15
Annexure II	List of War Materials to be retained initially by the Germans			18
Annexure III	List of Telecommunication circuits to be set up by the German Authorities			19
Annexure IV	Provisional List of Information required relating to Transport & Shipping			20

				Page
APPENDIX 'C' -	Special Orders to the German High Command (OKH) relating to Land Forces			22
	Part I -	General
		para 1. Definition of Land Forces
		para 2: Auxiliary Organizations to be placed under Command
		para. 3. Representatives of the German High Command to report within 48 hours
		para. 4. Information required within 14 days		23
		para. 5, Representatives of C-in-C WEST to report within 48 hours		24
		para. 6. Representatives of other German Commanders to report within 24 hours
		para. 7. Representatives of German forces in NORWAY to report within 48 hours		25
	Part II-	Disarmament
		para 8. Method of Disarmament		26
		para 9. Lay-out of Dumps for War Material formed on Disarmament of Field Armies
		para 12. Dumps formed on Disarmament of Home Army
		para 13. War Material not held by formations or units
		para 14. Depots		27
		para 15. Listing of War Materials
		para 17. Provision of services
		para 18. Responsibility for delivery of war material
	Annexure I	Specimen Form for listing equipment		28
APPENDIX 'D' -	Special Orders to the German High Command (OKM) relating to Naval Forces			29
	Part I -	General
		para 1. Definition of Naval Forces
		para 3. German Naval Representatives & information required immediately
		para 9. Information required within 14 days		31
	Part II-	Control and Disarmament		32
		para 11. Orders to Warships, auxiliaries, merchant ships and other craft
		para 12. Naval aircraft		33
		para 13. Neutral Shipping
		para 14. Orders relating to scuttling, sabotage, safe measures, pilotage and personnel
		para 15. Personnel		34

				Page
APPENDIX 'E' -	Special Orders to the German High Command (OKL) relating to Air Forces			35
	Part I --	General
		para 1. Definition of Air Forces
		para 2. Auxiliary organization to be placed under Command
		para 3. Representatives of the German High Command to report within 48 hours
		para 4. Representatives of German Air Forces in NORWAY to Report within 48 hours		36
		para 5. Information required within 14 days after surrender takes effect		37
		para 6. Restriction on Flying		38
		para 7. Balloon Barrages
		para 8. Meteorological Services
		para 12. Marine Craft
		para 15. Airfields
	Part II --	Disarmament		39
		para 17. Responsibility for Disarmament
		para 18. Methods of Disarmament
		para 19. Aircraft
		para 22. Flying Bombs and Rocket Propelled weapons
		para 24. Anti-Aircraft guns
		para 25. Small Arms		40
		para 26. Gas Bombs & Equipment
		para 28. War Material not held by GAF Units or in Transit
		para 30. Depots
		para 31. Listing of War Material
		para 33. Provision of Services
		para 34. Responsibility for delivery of War Material
	Annexure	Specimen form for listing equipment		41
APPENDIX 'F'-	Measures which may be taken to enforce the terms of surrender or in the event of no surrender to compel the enemy to comply with the Laws of War.
		para 1. Definitions		42
		para 2. Limitations on the use of Sanctions & Reprisals
		para 3. Measures which may be taken
		para 4. Forced Evacuation of Communities
		para 5. Destruction of Communities
		para 6. Bombing		43
		para 7. Destruction of Private Property
		para 8. Hostages
		para 9. Authority to order the use of Sanctions or Reprisals.

SUPREME HEADQUARTERS
ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE
G-3 Division (Main)

'ECLIPSE' MEMORANDUM NO. 1

THE INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER: ORDERS TO THE GERMAN HIGH COMMAND TO SUPPLEMENT THE INSTRUMENT: SANCTIONS IN THE EVENT OF DELINQUENCY

INTRODUCTION

1. Operation 'ECLIPSE' may be put into operation either as the result of a formal signature of the Instrument of Surrender by German Plenipotentiaries or alternatively on the decision of the Supreme Commander after the main portion of the German forces opposing us have capitulated or been overpowered.

IN THE EVENT OF FORMAL SURRENDER

2. The Instrument of Surrender which has been prepared in agreement between the Three Powers is neither comprehensive nor detailed. It covers only the essentials of unconditional surrender. Consequently it will be necessary to issue further detailed orders and instructions to the German authorities regarding a number of matters upon which they will be required to take action immediately after they have signed the Instrument of Surrender.

3. The form which this amplification of the Instrument of Surrender will take is at present under consideration by the European Advisory Commission. But, in the event that there are no such orders whidh have been agreed by the Commission at the time of the formal surrender, it will be necessary for the Supreme Commander to issue his own Special Orders to the German military authorities which will be applicable only to his area of responsibility. Special Orders to meet this eventuality have been prepared and are appended to this memorandum: they consist of four orders to the German High Command, relating respectively to matters of common concern to all three services, or of the direct concern of OWK alone, and those that are applicable only to the Army (OKH) the Navy (OKE) and the Air Force (OKL).

IN THE EVENT OF THERE BEING NO FORMAL SURRENDER

4. It may well be that no formal surrender by the German authorities will take place, or that there will be local surrenders or capitulations on the part of sections of the German forces before a formal surrender takes place.

5. Under these circumstances the policy of the Combined Chiefs of Staff is as follows:--

1. Orders must clearly and expressedly be limited to immediate military objects.

2. No commitments of any kind must be made.

3. Orders must be expressedly subject to any instrument of total surrender which may be later imposed on the Germans.

4. All orders will be given some title which emphasises their purely local character.

6. Within these limits the orders issued by subordinate Allied commanders to German commanders who surrender or capitulate to them, will be based on the Special Orders contained in the appendices to this Memorandum, omitting such parts as are obviously not applicable

IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS

7. It is probable that there will be resistance in some form or another both to the terms of surrender and to the orders given by or on behalf of the Supreme Commander. Under these circumstances it will be necessary to impose certain sanctions. These sanctions are detailed in Appendix 'F' to this Memorandum.

APPENDIX 'A'
to Memorandum No.I

SUMMARY OF TERMS OF SURRENDER

For security purposes the Instrument Of Surrender as agreed to by the British, United States and USSR Governments will not be included in this memorandum. The general principles that have been agreed to, however, are as follows:--

1. All German armed forces, including paramilitary and other auxiliary organisations equipped with weapons, will be completely disarmed.

2. The personnel of these formations may be declared to be prisoners of war at the discretion of the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces of the Allied state concerned.

3. All German forces will remain in their present position pending further instruction., All German forces will be evacuated from territories outside the frontiers of GERMANY according to Allied instructions,

4. Allied Representatives will designate detachments of civil police for maintenance of order.

5. All aircraft will remain grounded pending further instructions.

6. All German shipping will remain in, or proceed to, specified ports.

7. All arms, ammunition, equipment and other war materials, naval vessels, aircraft, transportation and communication facilities, military installations and establishments, and all factories, shops and research institutions producing the same, shall be held intact and in good condition at the disposal of Allied Representatives. German authorities will furnish labour services required for the maintenance or operation of the foregoing as well as any information or records in connection with the same.

8. The Germans will facilitate the movement of Allied troops, equipment and supplies, and will maintain all means of transportation in good order and repair.

9. The German authorities will release to the Allies all United Nations prisoners of war and will provide adequately for them pending their release. Likewise, they will provide for and release all other nationals of the United Nations as instructed.

10. The Germans will furnish full information regarding the numbers, locations and dispositions of armed forces and all minefields, mines and other obstacles to movement by land, sea and air.

11. All obstacles to movement by land, sea and air, including minefields will be rendered as safe as possible -- German authorities will provide the necessary labour and equipment to remove all such obstacles. Safety lanes through minefields will be clearly marked.

12. The Germans will prevent the destruction, removal and concealment of all property records and archives.

13. Pending control by Allied Representatives over all means of telecommunication, wire and wireless transmission will cease except as directed by the Allied Representatives.

14. The Allies will station forces and civil agencies in any part of GERMANY as they may determine.

15. The three governments shall possess supreme authority with regard to GERMANY.

16. Additional requirements will be issued in the form of proclamations orders, ordinances and instructions and all Germans will comply therewith. In the case of violations the Allied Representatives will take whatever action nay be deemed necessary.

APPENDIX 'B'
to Memorandum No. 1

SPECIAL ORDER BY THE SUPREME COMMANDER, AEF, TO THE GERMAN HIGH COMMAND (OKW) OF COMMON CONCERN TO ALLIED SERVICES, OR THE DIRECT CONCERN OF OKW ONLY

PART I -- GENERAL

Area of Applicability of Special Orders

1. Unless otherwise stated, all special orders by the Supreme Commander, AEF, to the German High Command will apply throughout that part of GERMANY WEST of the line drawn from the point on LUBECK BAY where the frontiers of SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN and MECKLENBURG meet, along the Western frontier of MECKLENBURG to the frontier of the province of HANOVER; thence along the Eastern frontier of HANOVER, to the frontier of BRUNSWICK; thence along the Western fontier of the PRUSSIAN province of SAXONY to the Western frontier of ANHALT; thence along the Western frontier of ANHALT; thence along the Western frontier of the PRUSSIAN province of SAXONY and the western frontier of THURINGIA to where the latter meets the BAVARIAN frontier; thence Eastwards along the Northern frontier of BAVARIA to the 1937 CZECHOSLOVAKIAN frontier; also to NORWAY, DENMARK, the CHANNEL ISLANDS and the German occupied areas in FRANCE and NETHERLANDS.

Definitions

2.

1. "Allied Representatives"

For the purpose of these orders the term "Allied Representatives" shall be deemed to include the Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Force, and any subordinate commander, staff officer or agent acting pursuant to his orders.

2. "German Armed Forces"

For the purpose of these orders the term "German Armed Forces" shall be deemed to include the German Army, Navy and Air Force, the Shutzstaffel, including the fully militarised formations of theWaffen Schutzstaffel, the N.S. Sturmabteilung, the Volkssturm, the N.S. Kraftfahr Korps, the N.S. Fliegekorps, the Heimatflak, the Reichsarbeitsdienst, the Organization Todt, the Hitler Jugend, the Ordnungspolizei including. the Technische Nothilfe, the Sicherheitspolizei, the Sonderpolizei, every person (including women) not belonging to but who is serving with or attached for duty to any of these organizations, and every reservist viable to be called or recalled for service with any of the above specified organizations.

Orders to Subordinates

3. The German High Command (OKW) shall forthwith issue orders to all organizations under their orders and in particular to the German High Commands of the Navy (0KM), Army (OKH) and Air (RLM including OKL and RDL) and to all officers and officials and their subordiates serving therein and in all subordinate formations, including units, formations and organizations beloning to, or associated with any of the German Armed Forces as defined above to obey all orders and instructions issued by the Allied representatives. These orders and instructions will be given in English or in French, and the onus of interpreting them correctly will be upon those who receive them. When, for convenience, the text of an order or instruction is also given in German, the official text in English or in French will be controlling.

4.In case of any question as to the meaning of these orders, and instructions the decision of the Allied representatives shall be final.

Responsibility for carrying out the Orders

5. Commanding Officers of all formations and units of the German Armed forces and their subordinates are to be notified that they will be held personally responsible by the Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Force for the execution of these Orders within their respective spheres of responsibility.

6. Disobedience to these orders or failure to enforce them either by Commanding Officers or their subordinates will be punished. Any failure to communicate these orders to those concerned will render the persons responsible for such failure liable to punishment. Ignorance will be no defence.

7. The German High Command will be held responsible by the Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Force, for ensuring that the provisions of these orders are carried out in all German army, naval and aeronautical establishments of all types, whether military or civil.

Information required within 48 hours

8. The German High Command will furnish within 48 hours of receiving this order detailed information regarding the location of OKW and all its departments and branches. Locations will be marked on maps ot a scale of not less than 1:100 000 and not more than 1:40 000. The full official name and address of each department of OKW are to be given, together with the name and appointment of the Senior Officer or official of each department.

Information required within 14 days

9. The German High Command will furnish within 14 days of receiving this order:--

1. A complete list of all establishment where research experimental production or repair work on war material of all natures, including chemical or biological warfare agents, is being carried out on behalf of the High Command. This list will give full official name and address of the establishment, controlling authority, appointment of Managing Director, and name of individual authority to whom he is immediately responsible.

2. A complete list of all underground installations of every nature, stating the purposes for which used, together with marked maps to a scale of not less than 1:100,000 and not more than 1:40,000 showing their exact locations.

3. List of all launching stations for directed missiles with marked maps on a scale of not less than 1:100,000 and not more than 1:40,000.

PART II -- COTROL, MAINTENANCE AND DISARMAMENT OF THE ARMED FORCES

Control

10. All German forces will remain in their existing locations until the receipt of further instructions by the Allied Representatives. The following exceptions are authorized:--

1. Movement of forces required to execute these or any subsequent orders.

2. Minimum essential Movement of personnel engaged in administrative services.

3. Movement of German police as may be necessary for the prosecution of law and order pending the arrival of allied forces.

Maintenance

11. The German High Command will be responsible for the administration and supply of all armed forces. The scale of rations to armed forces will not exceed that of civilian personnel, except when authorized by Allied Representatives. Normal administrative procedure for reporting, recording and maintaining necessary records and normal supply procedure will be observed.

Disarmament

12. The German High Command will be responsible for the immediate and total disarmament of the German Armed Forces. All war material listed in Annexure I to these orders, with the exception Permitted in Annexure II will be withdrawn initially from units and individuals, or will be disposed of in accordance with the specific Orders to the German Army, Navy and Air Force.

Destruction etc. of War Material

13. The German High Command will give orders to all forces under its command that no war material will be concealed, damaged, or, except in accordance with instructions from the Allied Representatives, destroyed.

Maintenance of War Material

14. All war material will be properly maintained, adequate care and maintenance parties will be left with every dump or depot. As a first priority task all unarmoured load carrying Motor Transport vehicles including ambulances are immediately to be placed in a serviceable condition. The care and maintenance of all animals in possession of the German armed forces will continue to be the responsibility of German Commanders concerned until further instructions on this subject are received.

Guards on war materiel

15. Minimum guards armed only with rifles, with 10 rounds of ammunition per rifle, will be maintained on all dumps and depot pending the receipt of further instructions from Allied Representatives.

Minefields and other dangerous obstacles

16. The German High Command will take immediate steps to mark clearly all land minefields, and to remove all mines and other obstacles on road, rail or inland, waterway and ports. The German High Command will also take immediate steps to make safe and remove all demolition charges, concealed explosives, and booby traps wherever they may be.

PART III -- UNITED NATIONS PRISONERS OF WAR AND CIVILIAN INTERNEES

Information required within 48 hours

17. The German High Command shall furnish within.48 hours of receiving this order the best available information regarding:--

1. The names and locations of all prisoner of war camps throughout GERMANY, including work detachments, prisons, hospitals, billets and other places in which Allied prisoners of war are confined. Also the name, address and location of the railway station and airport nearest to each such camp, or other places of confinement.

2. The number of prisoners of war of each nationality on the strength of each prisoner of war camp or other place of confinement, showing in each case the number located in each work detachment, prison, hospital, billet or other place dependent on such camp or place of confinement.

18. The German High Command will ensure that no prisoner of war or article of any description is transferred or removed from, and no member of the guard or administrative staff or person responsible for the custody or treatment of prisoners of war is permitted to leave any prisoner of war camp, prison, hospital, work detachment, billet or other place of confinement of prisoners of war except as directed by the Allied Representatives.

Records

19. The German High Command will ensure that all records relating to prisoners of war (including those who have escaped or died in captivity or have been transferred or released pending instructions with regard to their disposal) are preserved and handed over immediately to Allied officers.

20. In the case of records kept at any prisoner of war camp, prison, hospital, working detachment, billet or other place of confinement instructions will specify that they will be handed over to the Camp Leader or other Allied officer or representative in command at such place of confinement. In the case of all other such records, instructions will specify that they will be handed over to the Allied representative as demanded.

Handover of Control

21. The German High Command will order all Commendants of camps, hospitals, working detachments or other places where prisoners of war are confined, or officers-in-charge of prisoners of war, to hand over control to and to take their orders from the Allied Camp Leader or other senior Allied officer, warrant officer, or non-commissioned officer under their charge and to hand over to such Allied Camp Leader, officer, warrnat officer or non-commissioned officer all stores of equipment at such camp, hospital, working detachment or other place of confinement.

Maintenance

22. The German High Command will ensure that rations are provided for all Allied prisoners of war on the highest scale available to the German Armed Forces and to ensure the maintenance of all administrative, medical, supply and other services at any prisoner of war camp, hospital, working detachment, billet or other place where Allied prisoners of war are confined. The instructions issued are required to ensure in particular that adequate supplies of food on the above scale, clothing and medical supplies are delivered at any place where Allied prisoners of war are confined and that all those in hospital or sick continue to receive proper medical attention and treatment.

Mail

23. The German High Command will ensure the immediate delivery of all mail (including letters, post-cards and parcels) destined for United Nations prisoners of war upon release of this mail by Military Government Authorities.

Communications

24. The German High Command will:--

1. Maintain all existing means of communication between Allied prisoner of war camps and Wehrkreis Headquarters.

2. Arrange for the immediate provision of direct telephone facilities from each Allied prisoner of war camp to points to be designated by the Allied authorities.

3. In cases where line communication facilities in a. and b. above are not available or are interrupted, communications will be established over a two-way wireless telegraph channel until the line circuit can be provided. The power of the sets used for these circuits will not exceed 250 watts and the following frequencies only will be ised for this purpose:

2060, 2456, 4607, 5045 Kilocycles

Provision of Radio Receivers

25. Until such a time as all Allied prisoners of war have been evacuated from prisoner of war camps, the German Government will arrange for the provision and maintenance of radio receivers capable of receiving broadcast programmes from the UNITED KINGDOM. Such receivers will be equipped with loud speakers on a scale of not less than one per hundred officers or less and one per hundred other ranks/enlisted men, and will be capable of operating to medium and short wavelength bands down to the 19 metre band inclusive. In each camp the operation of the receivers will be under the control of the senior Allied prisoner of war. Similar provisions will, wherever possible, be made wherever there are concentrations of Allied displaced persons.

Allied Civilian Internees

26. The German High Command will provide within 48 hours of receiving this order the best available information regarding numbers, names and locations of all United Nations civilian internees detained in Greater GERMANY, in respect of whom the above orders regarding prisoners of war will apply equally.

PART IV -- MISCELLANEOUS

Concentration camps

27. The German High Command will imediately after the surrender becomes effective take over the administration and control of all concentration camps. All existing guards and administration officers except such junior personnel as are required for the day to day administration of the camps will be arrested and kept in confinement pending further orders from the Allied representatives. Guards provided by the German High Command will be armed with rifles.

28. The conditions within the camps will be immediately alleviated and no punishments or restrictions are to be inflicted upon any of the inamtes [inmates] of a harsh or degrading nature. Food and medical attention will be provided on the same scale as is normally available to the Wehrmacht. All documents and records of the camp and its inamtes [inmates] will be preserved. No inmates of these concentration camps shall be released without the authority of the Allied representative.

Safety of Non German Nationals

29. The German High Command will take all appropriate steps to ensure the safety, maintenance. and welfare of persons not of German nationality and of their property, and the property of foreign states, and will comply with all Allied instructions relative thereto.

Release of His Majesty the King of the Belgians

30. The German Command will deliver up His Majesty the King of the Belgians, together with all his family, household officers and staff now held by the German authorities, at a place, at a time and by a method to be notified by the Allied representatives. The German High Command will be held responsible for the safety and welfare of His Majesty until he is so delivered.

Restriction of Movement

31. The German High Command will take appropriate measures to prevent all German Nationals from leaving German territory, except as authorized, and from non-essential travel in GERMANY.

Arrest of Certain Persons

32. The German High Command will take all appropriate means to ensure the apprehension all persons from time to time name or designated by rank, office or employment by the Allied Representatives.

Destruction, concealment etc. of equipment and facilities

33.

1. The German High Command will take steps to ensure that there is no concealment, destruction, scuttling or dismantling of, removal or transfer of, and damage to, ships, transport, ports or harbours, aircraft, airfields, or aeronautical establishments, or any form of building, establishment, installation, device means of production, supply, distribution or communication, plant equipment, currency, stocks or resources, or in general public or private utilities, services or facilities of any kind, wherever situated.

2. Any such measures already ordered, undertaken or begun will be immediately countermanded and discontinued. All stocks, equipment, plant or other material already concealed will forthwith be declared, and will be dealt with as the Allied Representatives may direct.

Protection of Military Archives and Records

34. German High Command will prevent and prohibit the destruction, removal or concealment of any records or archives of any nature belonging to or associated with any of the forces under or placed under their command. They will take all steps necessary to ensure preservation and safe custody of all such records and archives and will hand them over intact in such times and place as the Allied authorities direct.

35. The German High Command will prohibit the manufacture, production and construction of war material, and other products used in connection with such manufacture, production or construction, except as directed by the Allied Representatives.

Access to Property

36. The Allied Representatives shall be given access to any building, installation, establishment, property or area and any of the contents thereof for the purpose of the instrument of surrender or any proclamations, orders, ordinances or instructions issued thereunder.

Blackout Restrictions

37. The German High Command will order all forces under its command to remove all blackout restrictions at the cessation of hostilities.

Publication of Newspapers, etc.

38. The German High Command will ensure that all newspapers, journals, and periodicals outside the areas occupied by the Allies at that time cease publication forthwith, until ordered to recommence, for whole or in part, by the Supreme Commander.

PART V -- INLAND TRANSPORT, PORTS AND MERCHANT SHIPPING

Information required

39. The German High Command will arrange for the despatch to the Allied representatives of qualified officers and officials who will be able:--

1. To report on the general condition of roads, railways inland waterways and ports.

2. b. To give a general outline of the German organization for the administration of inland transport by road, rail and water and of ports and merchant shipping in GERMANY including details of the existing arrangements at all levels for coordination with the German military organization.

The Allied representatives will designate the time and place at which these officers and officials will report. Instructions will be given to these officers and officials to produce for the information of the Allied authorities more detailed information regarding German transportation facilities and equipment. (A provisional list of the information required is given at Annexure IV).

Measures to be taken by the German High Command

40. The German High Command will ensure that:--

1. General

   1. All documents and information as required regarding inland transportation and shipping, facilities in ports will be made available to the Allied authorities.

   2. Appropriate officers and officials are immediately nominated to receive and give effect to orders to be issued by the Allied representatives concerning inland transport, ports, merchant shipping and crews.

   3. At the direction of Allied authority, specified organizations that have been dissolved will be reconstituted.

   4. German control of transportation facilities in countries outside the 1937 frontiers of GERMANY (except AUSTRIA) reverts immediately to Allied Control.

   5. The German Military Movement Control organization is maintained at the disposal of the Allied representatives pending further orders, and that all those forming part of that organization remain at their posts unless otherwise instructed.

   6. All German transportation personnel within GERMANY, and in territories outside the 1937 boundaries of GERMANY, will remain at their posts and will continue to perform their normal duties unless otherwise directed.

2. Inland Transport and Ports

   1. Subject to orders from the Allied representatives, the existing administrative machinery for the control of transport facilities by road, rail and inland water, and of ports, is fully maintained and where necessary restored, and that all transport and ports facilities are efficiently operated and the required priority given to Allied traffic.

2. All structures, installations and equipment, fixed or mobile, and all stores for the operation, maintenance and repair of the German inland transport system, by road, rail or water, are maintained intact and are placed at the disposal of the Allied representatives as and when ordered.

3. The production and repair of locomotives, rolling stock, inland water and road transport and other necessary transport equipment is continued pending further orders from the Allied representatives.

4. Immediate stops are taken to remove all obstructions and to repair all damage to the transport systems subject to any orders given by the Allied representatives.

5. All obstacles, booby traps, mines, demolition charges, etc. are removed immediately from the roads, railways, inland waterways and ports and are disposed of as may be ordered by the Allied representatives.

6. All dangers traffic, such as damaged permanent way and bridges, or bridges unable to carry standard loads, are plainly marked by notices giving adequate warning in English and French.
3. Shipping

   1. The existing administrative machinery for the control of merchant shipping is fully maintained pending further orders from the Allied representatives.

   2. Damage or sabotage to ships and associated facilities throughout Germany is prevented.

   3. All personnel of the German merchant Navy or personnel engaged in shipbuilding in Germany, German or other, will remain at their posts and will continue to carry out their .normal duties unless otherwise directed by Allied representatives.

   4. All shipbuilding capacity is maintained and that the building of all merchant vessels and harbour craft in course of construction is continued in Germany unless otherwise directed by the appropriate Allied authority. No preparation for nor any building of any new merchant vessel or harbour craft is commenced unless ordered by the Allied representative.

   5. Repairs are completed to any vessels under repair in German yards unless otherwise directed by Allied Representatives.

PART VI -- TELECOMMUNICATIONS

41. Definition. For purposes of these orders the terms "telecommunication/s or telecommunication systems" shall be deemed to include all civil and military telephone and telegraph installations and networks, radio and broadcasting transmitting and receiving stations ( including broadcasting receivers and ship stations), RADAR and similar devices, and all other special communications systems employed by public or private undertakings.

42. Information required within 48 hours. The Chief Signal Officer of OKW or his accredited representative is to report within 48 hours of the surrender to ............................................ by......................................... at ....... ........ ........ He will bring with him the following information and adequate staff with sufficient detailed knowledge of these matters to provide any further information that may be required.

1. Information concerning all telecommunications (including RADAR), both military and civilian, serving directly and/or indirectly OKW, OKH, OKM, and RIM (including OKL).

2. Details of all telecommunications linking prisoner of war camps with Wehrkreise Headquarters.

3. Details of all code and cipher systems including cipher machinery and books employed by the German civil or military authorities either in GERMANY or in the occupied countries, together will full information regarding their method of operation.

4. A copy of all call sign and code name systems used by GERMANY and/or her Allies in operating W/T and R/T communication, both civil and military, either in GERMANY or in the other countries.

5. The locations of all W/T, R/T and radar stations used for Intelligence purposes, and details of the organization thereof.

6. Details of all civil and military radio frequency allocations made by German authorities.

7. Complete information relative to landmines, demolition explosives and the like on all cable landing beaches, cable and overhead routes, telecommunication installations and their buildings.

8. Locations of the Reichspost State Post Directorate Headquarters.

43. Information required within fourteen days of the cessation of hostilities the following information:--

1. The location of headquarters of all naval, military and air force formations or units with details as to their communications, including outlets to the civil communications networks.

2. Location and details of static W/T and R/T (including broadcasting) stations in GERMANY and German occupied countries.

3. Details of power supplies and installations from which power for telecommunications is derived, including emergency power supplies.

4. The names and locations of research laboratories, factories, etc. engaged in research or development connected with telecommunications.

5. The names and locations of factories and workshops engaged in the production and/or repair of telecommunications or electric power equipment.

6. Such other information as may be required.

Sabotage

44. The German High Command will prevent sabotage, unauthorized removal or other damage to civil or military telecommunications systems, or their component parts, both before and after these communications are taken over by Allied forces.

Handing over Telecommunications Systems

45. The German Authorities will hand over such telecommunications systems, equipment and clumps as may be ordered, together with all associated equipment stocks of maintenance stores and spares and relevant records. Such records will include full details of all telegraph and telephone circuits, both radio and line together with associated terminal equipment, repeater equipment, switchboards and other associated apparatus.

46. The above systems will be handed over to the Local Allied Military Commander who will have absolute discretion as to the future status of the systems.

Provision of Advisory and Liaison Personnel to Allied Military Headquarters

47. While the Allied Forces are in process of assuming control of designated sections of the telecommunications systems in GERMANY and the liberated countries, the German Authorities will be prepared to furnish telecommunication technical executive personnel of the appropriate status to all Allied Military Headquarters as may be ordered. Such personnel will be those best qualified to interpret the telecommunication records mentioned above and of such grade and status as to be capable of acting as the channel for the transmission of Allied orders regarding future operations of the various telecommunications systems.

Staffing of System

48. All executive operating and maintenance staffs, military and civilian, will remain at their posts until otherwise ordered by the Allied Representatives.

Addresses of Personnel

49. The German authorities will furnish lists of the names, subunits and units of German Military telecommunication personnel, and lists of the names and addresses of all civilian telecommunication personnel, employed on the military or civil systems with indication of position held.

Closing down and re-opening of Telecommunication Systems

50. Immediately on the cessation of hostilities, and unless otherwise directed by the Allied Representatives, all telecommunication systems under German control will close down except the wire lines serving essential administrative needs of the community concerned. Notification of such wirelines as remain in operation will be made at the first opportunity to the responsible Local Allied Military Commander. Telecommunications Systems closed down on or prior to the cessation of hostilities will be reopened only on instructions from the responsible Commander or in accordance with the orders given in paragraphs 52, 53, 59 and 60 below. During this period, the German authorities, will maintain such system in working order. Any transmission under this paragraph will be in plain language and no cryptographic, privacy or other secrecy device will be employed.

51. Jamming. Devices for jamming radio or RADAR will not be operated.

52. Line Telephone Circuits As soon as practicable after signing the Instrument of Surrender the German Authorities will establish line telephone circuits for the use of Allied forces as shown in Annexure III.

53. Radio Telegraph Circuits. Immediately after the signing of the surrender, the German Authorities will set up, operate and maintain the radio telegraph circuits listed in Annexure III. The transmitters concerned will be of not less than three hundred watts antenna power, and will be manually operates by English speaking operators. Continuous wave signals will be transmitted. Receivers will be associated with each transmitter capable of receiving manual continuous wave signals from the far terminals indicated. Details of frequencies and call signs to be used are given in Annexure III. The English language will be used employing International (CAIRO 1938) procedure, and the International Morse Code.

54. Call Sign and Code Name Systems. All call signs and code name systems used by GERMANY and/or her Allies in operating wireless communication, both civil and military, either in GERMANY or in the occupied countries, will be surrendered.

55. Codes and Ciphers. The code and cipher systems including cipher machinery and books employed by the German civil or military authorities either in GERMANY or in the occupied countries, will be surrendered.

56. Factories and Workshops. Factories and workshops for the production. and/or repair of telecommunication or electric power equipment will be maintains, in working order and will be available for use by the Allies as required.

57. Research Laboratories. Laboratories engaged in research or development of telecommunications equipment (including RADAR), with their appropriate record will be made available to the Allied military authorities. Work in progress will close down, but all apparatus, material and casebooks will be safeguarded.

58. Removal of Mines, etc. The German authorities will be responsible for the removal of landmines, demolition explosives and the like, on all cable landing beaches, cable and overhead routes telecommunication installations and buildings of all kinds.

59. Communications for Allied Prisoner of War Camps. Instructions relating to communications for Allied prisoners of war camps are detailed in Part III of these Orders.

60. Telecommunications in NORWAY. Instructions relating telecommunications in NORWAY are detailed in Part I, paragraph 7.g. of the Supreme Commander Special Orders relating to Land Forces.

ANNEXURE I

LIST OF WAR MATERIALS TO BE WITHDRAWN
FROM THE GERMAN ARMED FORCES

German Category     Number     (Mr. der Stoff- gliederung.)

1		Small arms including carbines, rifles, pistols, machine pistols, revolvers, bayonets, daggers, etc.
2		Machine guns, including carriages, mountings and accessories.
3		Mortars smoke projectors and spigot projectors and accessories.
4		All types of flame throwers, their components and accessories.
5		Infantry and artillery guns, including howitzers, rocket apparatus and breechless and recoilless guns and all accessories, including all calibration and testing equipment.
13		Ammunition, including projectiles, fixed ammunition, cartridges, rockets, self-propelling projectiles, smoke charges, artificial mist charges, incendiary charges, chemical charges, filled or unfilled, together with all fuses, tubes or contrivances to explode or operate them. Propellants, explosives, liquified gases and any components destined or suitable for the propulsion, explosion, charging, filling of, or use in connection with war material listed herein.
14		Grenades, mines, land torpedoes and demolition charges.
15		Asphyxiating, lethal, toxic, incapacitating or similar substances and products in any form intended or capable of being used for war purposes, together with weapons, and containers intended to their use, storage or transport.
20		Transport vehicles, not mechanically propelled, of the types used for war purposes.
21		Mechanically propelled vehicles, with sidecars and trailers, including armoured vehicles, such as tanks, armoured cars and self-propelled guns, multi-axled motor vehicles, wheeled tracked or semi-tracked designed for military use; all types of special military vehicles, such as wireless, ammunitions or mobile work-shops; mechanical and self-propelled carriages for weapons; mechanically-propelled transport vehicles, (prime movers and trailers, wheeled, tracked, or semi-tracked.)
24	a/c	Code and cipher systems, including cipher machinery and secret writing equipment, with full information regarding their method of working.
24	a	Secrecy equipment for wire.

24	b	Radio/wireless transmitting sets and/or transceivers with ancillary equipment held by formations below Army Headquarters. Secrecy equipment for radio/wireless. All call sign and code name documents. All frequency allotments. Radar equipment utilized by the land forces.
24	d	Pyrotechnics and components thereof.
25		Searchlights and their means of direction and control.
27		Military observation and survey equipment, including range finding, sound ranging and acoustic apparatus; aiming and computing devices for fire control, including predictors and plotting apparatus; direction of fire instruments; gun sights; magnetic, acoustic, ultra-violet or infra-red intruments for location of direction of aircraft, surface or submarine vessels, weapons or objects on land, or for assisting observation of fire instruments, navigation or control of aircraft, ships or vehicles, including tanks; monoculars, binoculars and telescopes for war purposes; and all other equipment for flash spotting, sound ranging or other means of detecting and locating guns, mortars or howitzers.
28		Bridging equipment material of military types on fixed or floating supports; infantry bridges. Pneumatic boats, assault boats and assault boat motors.
30		Engineering tools, equipment, plant and stores.
31.		Camouflage of all types.
35.		Cameras, lenses and photographic equipment and materials for war purposes.
38.		Gas masks and collective protective devices for military purposes and all defensive equipment (including chemicals and clothing) whether of individual or collective use which are capable of being used to detect or protect against chemical warfare.
46.		Harness for pack military equipment.
47.		Gasolines, oils and greases used for the operation of maintenance of any war materials listed herein.
56.		Railway rolling stock especially adapted for war purposes.

Miscellaneous

Maps, map reproduction material and survey data for countries outside the 1937 boundaries of GERMANY.

Naval Service

Naval vessels of all classes, both surface and submarine, and all auxiliary naval craft, whether afloat, under repair or construction, built or building; all aircraft on board naval vessels.

Naval weapons, including but not restricted to projectiles of all types, sea-mines, depth charges and torpedoes, together with their accessories, whether on board ships or craft or held on shore; offensive and defensive equipment and other war material forming part of the armament and protection of ships whether on board or held on shore; special machines and installations, not used in peace time in ships other than warships.

Equipment such as propelling machinery, main and auxiliary engines, boilers, pumps, motors, electrical equipment, etc., and all parts or sections capable of assembly into naval vessels and craft defined herein, whether unfinished or completed.

Equipment and means of maintenance of all natures for the defense of coasts, harbours, ports, anchorages and docks, means for detecting the presence, preventing the approach or countering the effectiveness of hostile craft or weapons, including nets, booms, obstructions, minefields, balloon barrages and the like; means such as minesweeping, mine recovery and bomb disposal apparatus.

Work in progress on Naval war material, whether finished or partly finished, including components, spare parts and sub-assemblies of Naval War Material.

Fuel dumps and installations of all kinds used for supplying the German Naval Forces.

Air Service

Aircraft of all kinds, heavier or lighter than air, erected or dismantled, including balloons, their accessories and equipment.

Aircraft engines, mounted or dismounted, and their accessories and equipment.

Propellers.

Cannon guns, machine guns and rocket guns special to aircraft; special turrets, mountings and gun-sighting apparatus; bombing apparatus; bomb sights operated by mechanical, electrical or radio means.

Aircraft instruments and test instruments; catapults or other launching apparatus for ship-borne, land or sea-based aircraft; apparatus for launching aircraft weapons.

Parachutes, supply panniers and containers, dinghies, aircraft oxygen breathing apparatus and all equipment specially designed for airborne troops.

Aerodrome equipment special for war purposes.

ANNEXURE II

LIST OF WAR MATERIALS TO BE RETAINED INITIALLY BY THE GERMANS

1. Minimal numbers of rifles, together with ammunition for same, for authorized armed guards.

2. 1. All transport belonging to supply units;

   2. The minimum number of load-carrying vehicles sufficient to unable all other units to maintain themselves;

   3. Staff cars on the scale of one per twenty officers.

   4. All horse-drawn vehicles, together with horses, mules and the necessary harness.

3. All Signal equipment except that listed in Annexure I to this Order.

4. Necessary maps for administration purposes.

5. Engineer tools, equipment, bridging material, plant and stores, necessary to maintain lines of communication.

6. Necessary gasoline, oils, greases, spares and equipment for two weeks operation of vehicles which are not placed in dumps.

7. Line detectors and bomb disposal equipment.

ANNEXURE III

LIST OF TELECOMMUNICATION CIRCUITS TO BE SET UP BY THE GERMAN AUTHORITIES

1. Line Telephone Circuits

Number of Circuits	From	To
(To be supplied by Chief Signal Officer, SHAEF)

The above circuits will be terminated in the first instance on the main civil switchboard at ..........................., ........................ and .......................... and on the international trunk exchange at BERLIN ........................ and .......................... or other switchboards which may be designated by the Supreme Allied Commander.

2. Radio Telegraph Circuits

Circuit No.		Far Terminal					Near Terminal
	Location	Call Sign	Call Sign	Freq in K.C.			Location	Freq in K.C.
				Night	Alter- nate	Day		Night	Alter- nate	Day

(To be supplied by the Chief Signal Officer, SHAEF)

ANNEXURE IV

PROVISIONAL LIST OF TRANSPORTATION REQUIRED RELATING TO
TRANSPORT AND SHIPPING

The general condition as to the quantity, location and condition of:--

1. Inland Transport and Ports

   1. Road transport vehicles (in categories).

   2. Stocks of road and railway bridging material (military and civil).

   3. Stocks of railway track material (including railway signalling material).

   4. Locomotives (steam, diesel and electric shown separately and by types).

   5. Railway rolling stock (passenger freight and special categories shown separately and by types).

   6. Cranes (floating mobile and fixed) and other mechanical equipment suitable for handling stores and bulk material.

   7. Stocks of locomotive and other fuel shown separately and by types.

   8. Stocks of lubricants.

   9. Materials and stores available for repair or renewal of road and rail vehicles and ancillary equipment.

   10. Materials, stores and equipment suitable for reconstruction and repairs to ports, lock gates, sluices and canals.

   11. Plants and sub-stations for the generation and distribution of electric power for railway and post operation.

   12. Tugs, self propelled and dumb barges and harbour craft in ports and on inland waterways indicating power and capacity.

2. Shipping

   1. Materials for shipbuilding and ship repairs.

   2. The locations and name or identity number of all German owned or controlled merchant vessels in German ports and waters, and on inland waterways in GERMANY, together with general information as to type, state of repair and cargoes, if any, on board; also, if German controlled, nationality, nature of controlling. interest and how that interest was acquired.

   3. Location, and name or identity number of all German owned or controlled merchant vessels not covered by (2) above wherever they may be, together with general information as to type, state of repair and cargoes if any, on board; also, if German controlled, nationality, nature of controlling interest and how that interest was acquired.

   4. Nationality, location, and name or identity number of merchant vessels not German owned or controlled in German ports and waters and on inland waterways in GERMANY.

5. Particulars of all merchant vessels under construction in GERMANY and of merchant vessels under construction for German account outside GERMANY with their precise locations and estimated dates of completion.

6. General information regarding the state of merchant shipbuilding and ship repairing facilities in GERMANY.

7. Particulars of any options to re-purchase or re-acquire, or to resume control of vessels sold or otherwise transferred or chartered by GERMANY, since 1st September 1939.
1. Names, addresses and functions of the principal officers at Headquarters and Branch Offices are to be given down to the level of the Railway Divisional Offices, Waterway Directorates, Port Authorities or equivalent.

2. Records or lists of organizations engaged in manufacture, assembly, repair, or supply of the foregoing items or of parts of these items and locations of drawings, prints and catalogues pertaining to them listed in a. and b. above.

APPENDIX 'C'
to Memorandum No.1

SPECIAL ORDERS BY THE SUPREME COMMANDER, AEF, TO THE GERMAN HIGH COMMAND (OKH)
RELATING TO LAND FORCES

PART I -- GENERAL

Definition of Land Forces

1. For the purpose of these orders, all formations, units and personnel of the German Army, the Hermann Goering Parachute Panzer Corps, the GAF Field Divisions, Parachute Formations, Fortress Battalions and Flieger Regiments, units of the same, or any other units attached to or transferred to the German Army from other services, together with the auxiliary forces named below shall be referred to as the German Land. Forces.

Auxiliary Organizations to be placed under Command

2. Members of the following auxiliary organizations will immediately be placed under the command of the appropriate German land force commanders who will be responsible for their disarmament and discipline, as well as their maintenance and supply where applicable, to the same extent and degree as for units of the German Army:--

1. In the area defined in Part I (GENERAL):--

   1. Schutz Staffel (SS) including the Waffen - SS

   2. Sturmabteilung (SA)

   3. Nationalsozialistiscnes Kraftfahr Korps (NSKK), other than those elements attached to the German Air Forces.

   4. VOLKSSTURM

   5. Adult cadres of the Hitler Jugend (HJ)

   6. Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD), other than RAD Flak units operating under control of the German Air Force.

   7. Organization Todt (OT)

   8. Every non-German formation or unit serving with or under the control or command of any part of the German land forces, as defined above.

   9. Every person not belonging to organization referred to above who is serving with or attached for duty to a formation or unit under German Army command or authority.

   10. Reservists and such other persons, units or organizations as the Allied Representatives may at any time specify for this purpose.

2. In the German occupied areas of NORWAY, DENMARK and HOLLAND:--

   1. ORDNUNGSPOLIZEI.

   2. SICHERHEITSPOTLIZEI.

Representatives of the German High Command to report within 48 hours

3. Army representatives of the German High Command will report within 48 hours after the surrender is effective to ....................................... by...................................................... and will bring the following information and adequate staff with detailed knowledge thereof:--

1. Outline order of battle and location of headquarters of all German land forces, down to and including divisions and similar units, (garrison headquarters, garrison administrative headquarters,) with names of commanders.

2. Location of all departments of OKH -- including full official name and address of each department -- name and appointment of Senior officer or official of each department -- and chart of organization of OKH.

3. Locations of all departments of Wehrkreis Headquarters including full official name and address of each department, and chart of organization of each Wehrkreis Headquarters, including Heeresabnahme and Rustungs organization.

4. The general plan of administration and supply of the German land forces, including major points of supply, major routes of communication and estimate of the amount of food, fuels and medical supplies available.

5. Outline scheme of defense organization in that part of GERMANY, defined in paragraph 1 of the Supreme Commander's Special Orders to OKW, and DENMARK, including general areas of minefields, flooded areas and other obstructions to routes of advance.

6. Outline report of the general condition of all major routes of rail and road communications in the above-named area in GERMANY and DENMARK.

7. Information concerning all telecommunications (including Radar) both military and civil, of headquarters and units referred to in paragraph 2 and sub-paragraphs a, b and c. above.

4. Information required within 14 days after the surrender takes effect.

1. Detailed Order of Battle and location of Headquarters of all Land Forces, under German Command, down to units of the Field and Home Armies together with strengths of personnel and animals.

2. List of all fortified localities with marked maps on a scale of not less than 1:100,000 and not more than 1:40,000.

3. Maps giving accurate locations of all minefields and of all preparations for demolitions or sabotage.

4. A complete list, with full name and address, of all depots, subdepots, parks, stores, dumps, offices, etc. at which army ordnance, ammunition, engineer stores, clothing, rations and POL are, or have been, or may be stored or kept, and of all mechanical transport parks, veterinary and remount installations, medical installations, welfare offices and pay offices, army river and forest control offices, and any Other depots holding war material, for the Land Forces under German Command. Locations will be marked on maps of scale not less than 1:100,000 and not more than 1:40,000.

5. Locations of all garrison administrative headquarters, training area headquarters, barracks and hutted camps.

6. Locations of the following:--
   Ordnance Groups (Feldzeuggruppen -- BERLIN, KASSEL and MUNICH)
   Ordnance Headquarters (Feldzeugkommandos at Wehrkreise levels).

7. Locations and holdings of chemical and biological warfare agents and weapons.

8. Actual file of the War Diary of the Ordnance Controller (OKH) (Feldzeugmeister) for the preceding month.

9. Animal strengths of all installations, depots and static units with animals.

10. Copy of the latest Field Post Register (Feldpostubersicht).

Representatives of Commander-in-Chief, WEST, to report within 48 hours

5. Army representatives of the Commander-in-Chief, WEST, will report within 48 hours after the surrender is effective at ...................................................... by ............................................... and will bring with them the following information and staff officers with detailed knowledge thereof:--

1. Outline order of battle and locstion of headquarters of all German land forces under his command down to and including regiments and similar units.

2. The general plan of administration and supply of the above-named forces, including all major points of supply and routes of communication and an estimate of the amount of food, all fuels, medical supplies and forage available.

3. Outline plan of defense organization of the forces under his command, including general areas of minefields, flooded areas and other obstructions to routes of advance by rail and road.

4. Information regarding telecommunications under the control of the Commander-in-Chief, WEST, as outlined herewith and adequate signal staff with detailed knowledge thereof, including the Chief Signal Officer of the Commander-in-Chief, WEST, or his accredited representative.

   1. Details of all telecommunications (including radar) both military and civil, of all land forces, including all armed auxiliary formations, down to and including regiments and similar units.

   2. Complete information relative to landmines, demolition explosives and the like on all cable landing beaches, cable and overhead routes, telecommunication installations and their buildings.

Representatives of other German Commanders to report

6. Representatives of the commanders of the following German headquarters will report within 24 hours atter the cessation of hostilities by motor transport bearing large white flags to the headquarters of the Allied unit as specified;

German Unit

Report to

Allied Unit

(to be completed at time surrender document is presented)

and will bring the following information and staff officers with detailed knowledge thereof:--

1. Detailed order of battle of their respective commands and of all subordinate units and their headquarters and present strengths.

2. The maintenance plan of their respective commands including an estimate of the amount of food, fuels, medical supplies and forage available.

3. Plan of all minefields, prepared demolitions, and other obstacles to movement by road and rail, and a report of the condition of routes of communications, in their area of responsibility.

4. Information regarding the telecommunications outlined herewith and adequate signal staff with detailed knowledge thereof:--

1. Details of all telecommunications (including radar) both military and civil, of the German land forces referred to in sub-paragraph a. above.

2. Complete information relative to landmines, demolition explosives and the like on all cable landing beaches, cable and overhead routes, telecommunication installations and their buildings.

Representatives of German forces in NORWAY to report within 48 hours

7. Army representatives of the German land forces of NORWAY will report within 48 hours after the surrender is effective as follows:-- One party by an unescorted plane painted all white to DREN Airfield, P0002; one party by sea to a position 56°47'00" NORTH, and 01°13'00" WEST where they will be met and conveyed to ROSYTH and will bring with them the following information and staff officers with detailed knowledge thereof:--

1. Outline order of battle and location of headquarters of all German Land forces in NORWAY down to and including regiments and independent battalions.

2. The general plan of administration and supply of the above-named forces, including major points of supply, major routes of communication and an estimate of the food, fuels, medical supplies and forage available.

3. Outline report of the general condition of all major road and rail routes of communication.and airfields in NORWAY.

4. The best available information regarding the names, addresses and locations (including latitude and longitude) of all prisoners of war camps in NORWAY including work detachments, prisons, hospitals, billets and other places in which allied prisoners of war are confined. Also the name, address and location (including latitude and longitude) of the railway station and airport nearest to each such camp, work detachment,. prison, hospital, billet or other place of confinement.

5. The best available information regarding the number of prisoners of war of each nationality on the strength of each prisoner of war camp or other place of confinement, showing in each case the number located in each work detachment, prison, hospital, billet or other place of confinement.

6. The best available information regarding numbers, names and location of all British and US civilian internees detained in NORWAY.

7. Information regarding telecommunications under the control of German forces in NORWAY as outlined herewith and adequate signal staff with detailed knowledge thereof:--

   1. Details of all telecommunications (including radar) both military and civil, of all land forces, including all armed auxiliary formations in NORWAY down to and including divisions and similar units.

   2. Details of all telecommunications linking prisoner of war camps in NORWAY with the German headquarters.

   3. Complete information relative to landmines, demolition explosives and the like on all cable landing beaches, cable and overhead routes, telecommunication installations and their buildings.

PART II -- DISARMAMENT

Method of Disarmament

8. The German High Command will be responsible for the immediate and total disarmament of all land forces. All war material as listed in the special orders to OKW with the exceptions therein stated, will be immediately withdrawn from units and individuals and will be disposed of stated in the following Paragraphs.

Layout of Dumps for war material formed on Disarmament of Field Armies

9. All war material arising from the disarmament of the German Field Armies will be stacked in an orderly and proper manner as directed by the appropriate Allied Representatives. In the event of no detailed orders being received, it will be stacked in dumps of a division or equivalent size and, such dumps will be sited in relation to transportation facilities as far as practicable with a view to facilitating their subsequent disposal.

10. Unless instructions as to the layout of dumps are received from the Allied Representatives concerned, separate stacks or parks will be formed within each dump for the following main classes of material:--

1. All armoured vehicles.

2. All other vehicles.

3. Artillery of all types except AA Artillery of the GAF and/or German airborne forces.

4. Small arms including machine guns and mortars.

5. Ammunition and explosives.

6. POL.

7. Instruments of all types.

8. Personal equipment and accommodation stores.

9. Engineer stores.

10. Telecommunication equipment.

11. Other equipment segregated by types.

12. Pyrotechnics.

11. All vehicles and all types of artillery will be laid out in rows in such a manner as to be visible from the air.

Dumps formed on Disarmament of Home Army

12. Similar dumps will be formed to those in paragraphs 2 to 4 above except in the case of small units or detachments of less than 200 all ranks who will return their equipment to the nearest appropriate dump or depot.

War Material not held by formations or units

13. All other war material in factories, depots, dumps, parks etc. will be properly maintained and will remain in its present location pending further instructions. In the absence of further orders, material in transit may proceed to its destination where it will be placed in an appropriate depot or dump.

Depots

14. All personnel at depots and parks will remain at their stations pending further instructions and no depots will be closed down or disbanded without instructions from Allied Representatives.

Listing of War Material

15.

1. Stock taking will be commenced forthwith of all war material of whatever nature and wherever situated which was intended for use by the German Land Forces or which is, or has at any time been in use by the German Land Forces. Lists of such war material will immediately be prepared by German Commanders concerned covering material held at all depots, dumps, temporary installations, factories, research centers and elsewhere. These lists will be consolidated on a Wehrkreis or Corps level. They will be compiled on a standard form, a speciment of which is attached as an Annexure to those orders.

2. These lists which will be in quadruplicate will be completed within two months of the cessation of hostilities. Priority in listing will be given to implements of war.

16. German authorities will carry out the orders given by the Allied Representatives in supervising the control and disposal of war material. The system of accounting for receipts and issues of equipment as prescribed by the German regulations will continue. All records, inventories, stock states, etc., of war material at present or previously held in all installations will be made available as required by Allied Representatives.

Provision of Services

17. Any services that may be ordered by Allied Representatives in connection with the treatment and disposal of war material will be provided, and in particular the necessary labour personnel, both skilled and unskilled, and any plant or equipment together with operating personnel that may from time to time be required.

Responsibility for Delivery of War Material

18. When ordered to hand over and deliver any items of war material the German authorities will be fully responsible, unless otherwise instructed, for arranging its evacuation and delivery to the place nominated and for ensuring that it is handed over in good order together with any accessories that may be required. They will remain responsible for this material, until it has been duly accepted by the Allied Representatives.

Annexure to Appendices 'C' and 'E'

Specimen form for Listing Equipment

LIST OF EQUIPMENT HELD AT ______ Location of Unit/Dump/Depot/Installation	Sheet No. ______
REPORTED BY ____________________	Date ____________________
REPORT NO. _______________ COVERING PERIOD _______________ TO _______________

(1) Serial No.	(2) German Type Number (Ar der Stoffglied- erung)	(3) Description	(4) Service- able	(5) Unser- viceable	(6) Total	(7) Remarks

NOTE:	Columns 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 to be completed by the German Commander concerned. After approval by the Allied Supervising Officer, the list will be forwarded through German channels to the Wehrkreis or Military District concerned. Allied Supervising Officers will forward one copy through Allied channels to Control Staffs concerned.	CERTIFICATE:	I certify that this is a true and correct statement of equipment held by the Unit/Dump/Depot/Installation under my command.
	Countersigned ____________________ Allied Supervising Commander ____________________ (organization) Date ____________________		Signed ____________________ Commanding Officer (German) ____________________ (organization)

APPENDIX 'D'

SPECIAL ORDERS BY THE SUPPREME COMMANDER, ALLIED
EXPEDITIONARY FORCE, TO THE GERMAN HIGH COMMAND (OKW)
RELATING TO NAVAL FORCES

PART 1 -- GENERAL

Definition of Naval Forces

1. For the purpose of these orders all formations, units and personnel of the German Navy together with the Marine Kusten Polizei shall be referred to as the German Naval Forces.

2. Members of the Marine Kusten Polizei will immediately be placed under the command of the appropriate German Naval Commanders who will be responsible for their disarmament and discipline, as well as for their maintenance and supply where applicable, to the same extent and degree as for units of the German Navy.

German Naval representatives and information required. immediately

3. The German High Command will despatch within 48 hours after the surrender becomes effective, a responsible Flag Officer to the Allied Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force at_____________________________ by _____________________. This Flag Officer will furnish the Allied Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force, with:--

1. Corrected copies of charts showily all minefields in Western EUROPEAN waters, including the BALTIC as far as LUBECK (inclusive) which have been laid by German and German-controlled vessels or aircraft, positions of all wrecks, booms and other underwater obstructions in this area, details of the German convoy routes and searched channels and of all buoys, lights and other navigational aids in this area. The appropriate navigational publications are also required.

2. Details of the exact location of all departments and branches of the German Admiralty (OKW).

3. All available information concerning the numbers and types of German minesweepers and sperrbrechers in German controlled DUTCH ports and German NORTH SEA, charts that can be obtained without delaying his departure. This German Flag Officer is to be accompanied by a Communications Officer who is familiar with the German Naval W/T organization and who is to bring with him the current naval communication Orders, including allocation of frequencies, list of W/T and R/T call signs in force, and a list of all codes and cyphers in use, and intended to be brought into use.

4. Location of all surface warships down to and including "Elbing" class Torpedo Boats, and of all submarines and 'E' Boats.

4. The German High Command will also despatch within 48 hours after the surrender becomes effective a responsible officer, not below the rank of Captain, by coastal craft to report to the Admiral Commanding at DOVER for onward routeing to Commander-in-Chief, THE NORE, with:--

1. Corrected copies. of charts showing all minefields in the NORTH SEA South of 54°30' North and East of 1°30' East laid by German and German controlled vessels or aircraft, positions of all wrecks, booms and all other underwater obstructions; details Of all German Convoy routes and searched, channels in this area, and of all buoys, lights and other navigational aids which are under German control. Appropriate navigational publications are also required.

2. All available information concerning the numbers and types of German minesweepers and sperrbrechers in German controlled Dutch ports and German North Sea ports that can be obtained without delaying his departure.

5. Another responsible German Naval Officer, with similar information is to be despatched by unescorted aircraft painted white to_______________________________________. Aerodrome position __________________________________________ for onward routing to Commander-in-Chief, THE NORE.

6. The German High Command will issue instructions to certain German naval commands as indicated below:--

1. The Naval Commander-in-Chief, NORTH SEA will despatch by coastal craft within 48 hours after the surrender becomes effective a responsible officer, not below the rank of Captain, to the Admiral Commanding at DOVER for onward routing to Commander-in-Chief, THE NORE, with:--

   1. details of minesweeping operations carried out in the German convoy route between the HOOK OF HOLLAND and HAMBURG and in approaches to harbours between these two ports during the previous 60 days;

   2. numbers and positions of all British mines swept during these operations;

   3. details of all controlled minefields in this area and information whether they have been rendered ineffective;

   4. details of all other mining and types of mines employed in the harbours and. harbour approaches of CUXHAVEN, EMDEN, TERSCHSLLING, TEXEL, YMUIDEN, AMSTERDAM, SCHEVENINGEN, HOOK OF HOLLAND and ROTTERDAM;

   5. berthing facilities in the harbours enumerated in paragraph 6 a. (iv) above and the numbers of auxiliary minesweepers which can be accommodated;

   6. a list of all W/T and R/T call signs in use by the German Navy.
      Any of the above information which cannot be obtained without delaying the departure of this officer will be forwarded subsequently as soon as it is available.

2. The Naval Commander-in-Chief, NORTH SEA, will also despatch as soon as possible by coastal craft to DOVER thirteen German Naval Officers who must be familiar with the German swept channels between the HOOK OF HOLLAND and CUXHAVEN. These officers will bring with them all the charts and books required for navigation in this area and will be accompanied by pilots (and interpreters if necessary).

3. The Naval Commander-in-Chief, NORWAY, will despatch by sea within 48 hours after the surrender becomes effective, a responsible officer, not below the rank of Captain to the Commander-in-Chief, ROSYTH, with corrected copies of charts showing all German minefields in the NORTH SEA, NORTH of 56° NORTH, all, wrecks, booms and other underwater obstructions, details of German convoy routes and searched channels in this area, of the approach channels to the principal Norwegian ports and of all buoys, lights and other navigational aids in this area. This officer will also bring with him the disposition of all U-Boats and details of all orders affecting their future movements. He will be accompanied by six German Naval Officers with pilots (and interpreters if necessary) who are familiar with the coastal swept channels between OSLO and TROMSO. These officers will bring with them all the charts and books required for navigation in Norwegian waters, and a list of all W/T and R/T call signs in use by the German Navy.

4. The Naval Commander-in-Chief, NORWAY, will despatch a duplicate party to the above with similar information by air in unescorted aircraft painted white to DREM Airfield P.0002.

5. The Naval Commander-in-Chief, NORWAY, will report by W/T to the Commander--in--Chief, ROSYTH, within 48 hours after the surrender becomes effective, the following information:--

   1. Berthing facilities at OSLO, ChrISTLANSAND, STAVANGER, BERGEN, TRONDHEIM, NARVIK and TROMSO.

   2. The approximate quantities of furnace oil fuel, diesel oil fuel and coal at all the principal Norwegian ports between OSLO and TROMSO.

7. The German Admiral SKAGGERAK will despatch by sea within 48 hours after the surrender becomes effective, a responsible officer not below the rank of Captain, to the Commander-in-Chief, ROSYTH, with corrected copies of charts, showing all German minefields, wrecks, booms and other underwater obstructions, details of German convoy routes and searched channels, buoys, lights and other navigational aids in the SKAGGERAK, KATTEGAR, THE BELTS AND SOUND, KIEL BAY and BALTIC WATERS WEST of 14° E. This officer will also bring with him the disposition of all U-Boats in the above area and details of all orders affecting their future movements. He will be accompanied by three German Naval officers with pilots (and interpreters if necessary) who are familiar with the coastal swept channels, and channels in Swedish territorial waters, in the waters referred to above. These officers will bring with them all the charts and books required for navigation in these waters, and a list of all W/T and R/T call signs in use by the German Navy.

The German Admiral SKAGGERAK will despatch a duplicate party to that specified above, with similar information by air in unescorted aircraft painted white to DREM Airfield P.0002.

8. The Geman Naval Officers who will be despatched to DOVER and ROSYTH by sea will proceed to positions in latitude 51°19' N longitude 1°43' E and latitude 56°47'N longitude 1°13'E respectively, where they will be met by British warships and escorted to their destination. The ships or craft in which they travel are to fly a large white flag at the masthead by day and are to illuminate these white flags by night. These ships are to broadcast their positions hourly by W/T on 500 ks. (600 Metres) whilst on passage.

Information required within fourteen days

9. The German High Command will furnish the following information to the Allied Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force, at ______________________________ by _____________________________ within fourteen days of cessation of hostilities.

1. Locations of all warships, auxiliaries and armed coastal craft operating under the orders of the German Naval Command stating particulars of the operational unit to which they are attached, giving approximate totals of all naval personnel embarked in each vessel, (including naval flak, and merchant ship flak).

2. A statement of the organizations of all naval shore Commands, giving location of all naval establishments, including establishments for experiment and research, names of all Commanding Officers and Principal Staff Officers of the rank of Commander and above, and approximate totals of the personnel located in each establishment.

3. A statement of the strength and location of all naval land forces, including naval infantry, naval flak, merchant ship flak and naval personnel manning naval coast artillery and full particulars of all coastal and port defences giving nature and locations.

4. Lists of stocks of furnace oil fuel, diesel oil fuel, petrol and coal of 500 tons and more at, or in the vicinity of all ports between IJMUJDEN and HAMBURG inclusive.

5. A statement of location of the principal naval armament depots with approximate overall stocks of each major item held.

6. The following communications information:--

   1. location and details concerning all V/S, W/T (including D/F) and radar stations in use by, and under construction for, the German Navy, these details to include types and capabilities of all equipment fitted.

   2. details of the current naval W/T organization, lists of W/T and R/T call signs in force, and allocation of all frequencies for communication and radar purposes.

   3. location and details of all naval communications (including Infra-Red) and naval radar training and research establishments.

7. Full details of all German minefields in the NORTH SEA, SKAGGERAK, KATTEGAT, BELTS and SOUND.

8. Full details of the German naval minesweeping organization including the communications organization.

9. Full details of the communications (including Infra--Red) and radar equipment fitted in all German minesweepers and sperrbrechers.

10. Technical details of all types of minesweeping gear in use by the German Navy.

11. Details of all mining and types of mines employed and of berthing facilities available for ships of 150 feet in length and 16 feet draught at:--
    BREMERHAVEN
    WILHELMSHAVEN
    SCHIERMONNIKOOG
    DELFZIJL

10. The German High Command will also furnish the Allied Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force, with two copies of all coding and cyphering systems which have been, are being, or were to be used by the German Navy with the necessary instructions for their use and the dates between which they have been, or were to have been used.

PART II -- CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT

Orders to warships, auxiliaries, merchant ships and other craft

11. The German High Command will forthwith direct all German and German-controlled warships, auxiliaries, merchant ships and other craft to comply with the following instructions:--

1. All warships, auxiliaries, merchant ships and other craft in harbour due to remain in harbour pending further directions from the Allied Representatives.

2. All warships, auxiliaries, merchant ships and other craft at sea are to report their petitions in plain language immediately to the nearest British, US or Soviet Coast Wireless Telegraphy station on 500 kc/s (600 metres), and are to proceed to the nearest German or Allied port or such ports as the Allied Representatives may direct, and remain there pending further directions from the Allied Representatives. At night they are to show lights and to display searchlights with beams held vertically.

3. All submarines at sea are to surface at once, fly a black flag or pendant and report their position in plain language immediately to the nearest British, US or Soviet Coast Wireless Telegraphy station on 500 kc/s (600 metres), and proceed on the surface to the nearest German or Allied port or such port as the Allied Representatives may direct, and remain there pending further directions from the Allied Representatives. At night they are to show lights.

4. All warships and merchant ships whether in port or at sea will immediately train all weapons fore and aft. All torpedo tubes will be unloaded and breech blocks will be removed from all guns.

5. All warships and merchant ships in German or German-controlled harbours will immediately land and store in safety all ammunition, warheads and other explosives. They will land all portable weapons but, pending further instructions, warships will retain on board the fixed armament. Fire control and all other equipment will be maintained on board intact and fully efficient.

6. All minesweeping vessels are to carry out the measures of disarmament prescribed in d. and e. above, (except that they will, however, retain on board such portable weapons and explosives as are required for minesweeping purposes) and are to be prepared immediately for minesweeping service under the direction of the Allied Representatives. They will complete with fuel where necessary.

7. All German salvage vessels are to carry out the measures of disarmament prescribed in d. and e. above (except that they will retain on board such explosives as are required for salvage purpose.) These vessels, together with all salvage equipment and personnel, are to be prepared for immediate salvage operations under the direction of the Allied Representatives, completing with fuel where necessary for this purpose.

8. The movement of transport on the inland waterways of GERMANY may continue, subject to orders from the Allied Representatives. No vessels moving on inland waterways will proceed to neutral waters.

Naval aircraft

12. The German high Command will forthwith direct that:--

1. German naval aircraft are not to leave the ground or water or ship pending directions from the Allied Representatives;

2. naval aircraft in the air are to return immediately to their bases.

Neutral shipping

13. The German High Command will forthwith direct that all neutral merchant ships in German and German-controlled ports are to be detained pending further directions from the Allied Representatives.

Orders relating to sabotage, scuttling, safety measures, pilotage end personnel

14. The German High Command will forthwith issue categorical directions that:--

1. no ship, vessel or craft of any description is to be scuttled, or any damage done to their hull, machinery or equipment.

2. all harbour works and port facilities of whatever nature, including, telecommunications and radar stations, are to be preserved and kept free from destruction or damage, pending further directions from the Allied Representatives, and all necessary steps taken and all necessary orders issued to prohibit any act of scuttling, sabotage, or other wilful damage.

3. all boom defenses at all ports and harbours are to be opened and kept open at all times; where possible, they are to be removed.

4. all controlled minefields at all ports and harbours are to be disconnected and rendered ineffective.

5. all demolition charges in all ports and harbour works are to be removed or rendered ineffective and their presence indicated.

6. the existing wartime system of navigational lighting is to be maintained, except that all dimmed lights are to be shown at full brilliancy, and lights only shown by special arrangement are to be exhibited continuously. In particular:--

   1. HELIGOLAND Light is to be burnt at full brilliancy.

   2. The buoyage of the coastal convoy route from the HOOK OF HOLLAND to HAMBURG is to be commenced, mid-channel light buoys being laid six miles apart.

   3. Two ships are to be anchored as mark vessels in the following positions:--
      54°20'N, 5°00'E.
      54°20'N, 6°30'E.

      These ships are to fly a large black flag at the masthead by day and by night are to flash a searchlight vertically every 30 seconds.

7. all pilotage services are to continue to operate and all pilots are to be held at their normal stations ready for service and equipped with charts.

8. German Naval and other personnel concerned in the operation of ports and administrative services in ports are to remain at their stations and to continue to carry out their normal duties.

Personnel

15. The German High Command will forthwith direct that except as may be required for the purpose of giving effect to the above special orders

1. all personnel in German warships, auxiliaries, merchant ships and other craft, are to remain on board their ships pending further directions from the Allied Representatives.

2. all Naval personnel ashore are to remain in their establishments.

16. The German High Command will be responsible for the immediate and total disarmament of all Naval personnel on shore. The orders issued to the German High Command in respect of the disarmament and war material of land forces will apply also to naval personnel on shore.

APPENDIX 'E'
to Memorandum No. 1

SPECIAL ORDERS BY THE SUPREME COMMANDER, AEF TO THE GERMAN
HIGH COMMAND (RLM -- INCLUDING OKL & RDL)
RELATING TO AIR FORCES

PART I -- GENERAL

Definition of Air Forces

1. For the Purpose of these orders, the term German Air Force is deemed to include all formations, units and personnel of the Luftwaffe, including all civilian personnel engaged in aviation together with German civil controlled aeronautical and flak establishments, and the auxiliary organizations named in para 2 below, but not including the Hermann Goering Parachute Panzer Corps, G.A.F. Field Divisions, Parachute Divisions, Fortress Battalions Flieger Regiments, or units of the same transferred or attached to the German Army.

Auxiliary organizations to be placed under Command

2. Members of the following auxiliary organizations will immediately be placed under command of the appropriate German Air Force Commanders who will be responsible for their disarmament and discipline as well as their maintenance and supply where applicable, to the same extent and degree as for units of the German Air Force:--

1. National Sozialistiche Flieger Korps (NSFK).

2. Heimat Flak.

3. Flak Units operating under control of the German Air Force.

4. Elements of the National Sozialistiches Kraftfahrer Korps (NSKK) attached to the German Air Force.

5. Women auxiliaries.

6. Every Non-German formation or unit serving with or under the control or command of any part of the German Air forces, as defined above.

7. Every person not belonging to an organization referred to above who is serving with or attached for duty to a formation or unit under German Air Force command or authority.

8. Such other persons, units or organizations as the Allied Representatives may at any time specify for this purpose.

Representatives of the German High Command to Report within 48 hours

3. Air Force representatives of the German High Command and of all Luftflotten and Luftgaue in DENMARK, the German occupied areas of the NETHERLANDS and the areas of GERMANY defined in paragraph 1 of the special Orders to the German High Command (OKW) will report within 48 hours of the surrender to ________________________________ at ______________________________________ and will bring with them the following information, and adequate staff with detailed knowledge thereof:

1. Outline order of battle by chain of Command together with locations and addresses of all G.A.F., Luftflotten, Fliegerkorps, Luftwaffen Kommando, Fliegerdivision, Jagdkorps, Jagddivision, Luftgau, Airfield Regional Command, Flak Korps, Flak Division, and Flak Brigade Headquarters, with names of Commanders.

2. Locations and addresses of all units of the auxiliary organizations referred to in para. 2 above, with names of commanders.

3. Locations of all operational units together with types and numbers of aircraft in such units.

4. Locations of all departments of RLM, including full official name and address of each department; name and appointment of senior officer or official of each department and chart of organisation of RLM.

5. Locations of all departments of Luftgaue Headquarters, including full official name and address of each department, and chart of organization of each Luftgau Headquarters.

6. Outline of the organization for the air defense of GERMANY, in the WEST including fighter defenses, flak defenses, meteorological service, balloon barrages, early warning system, fighter control and aircraft safety organization.

7. Lists of all airfields, landing grounds, seaplane bases and alighting areas within the areas defined in this paragraph.

8. The general plan of administration and supply of the German Air Force, including major depots and perks of all kinds and major routes of communications.

9. Estimate of the number of days reserve rations held at G.A.F. units.

10. Information as outlined below regarding telecommunications under the control of the authorities defined in this para. and adequate Signals Staff with detailed knowledge thereof.

    1. Details of all telecommunications (including Radar), both military and civil, of the German Air force (including para-military organizations under para. 2 above) down to and including Airfield Regional Commands, Gruppen or corresponding formations.

    2. Complete information relative to landlines, demolitions, explosives, and the like of all telecommunications installations and their buildings.

Representatives of German Air Forces in NORWAY to report within 48 hours

4. Representatives of German Air Forces in NORWAY to report within 48 hours after the surrender is effective as follows:-- One party by unescorted plane painted all white to DREM Airfield P.0002; one party by sea to a position 56°47'00" NORTH and 01°13'00" WEST where they will be met and convoyed to ROSYTH, and will bring with them the following information and staff officers with detailed knowledge thereto.

1. Outline order of battle and location of Headquarters of all German Air Forces in NORWAY with names of Commanders.

2. Locations of all operational units in NORWAY together with types and numbers of aircraft in such units.

3. Outline of the organisation for the air defense of NORWAY including fighter defenses, flak defenses, meteorological service, balloon barrages, early warning system, fighter control and aircraft safety organization.

4. Lists of all airfields, landing grounds, seaplane bases and alighting areas in NORWAY.

5. The general plan of administration and supply of German Air Forces in NORWAY, including major dumps and parks of all kinds and major routes of communication.

6. Estimate of the number of days reserve rations held at GAF units in NORWAY.

7. Information regarding telecommunications under the control of the German Air Force in NORWAY as outlined below.

   1. Details of all telecommunications (including Radar), both military and civil, of German Air Forces in NORWAY down to and including Airfield Regional Commands or corresponding formations.

   2. Complete information relative to landmines, demolitions, explosives and the like in all telecommunications installations and their buildings

Information required within 14 days after surrender takes effect

5.

1. Detailed Order of battle

   Detailed order of battle of all GAF formations and units together with their locations, strengths and functions, including the following,

   1. Flak formation units, stating whether manned by German Air Force personnel, Heimatflak or personnel.

   2. Non-operational units and establishments at which there are aircraft, specifying numbers and types of aircraft.

   3. Units holding marine craft, specifying numbers and types of craft.

   4. Liquid fuel (including diesel oil) stocks of 100 tons and more, specifying approximate extent and nature of holding.

   5. Ammunition (including bomb, flying bomb and rocket-bomb, and rocket projectile) depots and dumps, and stores of Chemical warfare and Bacteriological weapons, specifying approximate extent and nature of holding.

   6. All other GAF units (including mobile units) engaged in supply and maintenance specifying functions.

   7. Complete information about the G.A.F. meteorological organization together with the names, positions and index numbers of all reporting stations surface and upper air, established since 1939.

   8. List of all GAF training establishments specifying location and nature of training.

   9. Signals Units specifying location and function.

   10. Research and Development units specifying location.

2. Maps giving accurate locations within the areas defined of

   1. All airfields, landing grounds, seaplane bases and alighting areas.

   2. All static balloon and flak sites.

3. Full details of the organization for the air defense of GERMANY in the WEST together with full details of the fighter defense, Flak defense, balloon barrage, early warning system, fighter control and aircraft safety organization.

4. Full detail of the telecommunications organization of the German Air Force including wireless line, wired wireless and RV networks and organization for the purpose defined in subparagraph c) above.

Restriction of Flying

6. All German and German controlled aircraft, both civil and military, will be grounded immediately, removed clear of runways and/or strips, and their guns will be unloaded and bombs removed.

Balloon Barrages

7. All balloons will be hauled down, deflated, packed and safeguarded.

Meteorological Services

8. All German operated or German controlled meteorological services wherever located will continue to function without change other than those indicated in paragraphs, 8 and 9 or as ordered by the Allied Representatives.

9. Wireless broadcasts of meteorological instructions will be made in clear, in the standard international meteorological code. Such brodcasts will continue to be made at the same time from the same station, and on the same frequencies as were used immediately before the surrender and will include the full number of reports.

10. Meteorological recording flights will not be made.

11. Past records of weather observations, both surface and upper air made at meteorological stations will be left intact and made available on demand to Allied Representatives. All meteorological stations will be guarded.

Marine Craft

12. All GAF or GAF controlled marine craft in harbour will remain in harbour pending further directions from the Allied Representatives.

13. All GAF or GAF controlled marine craft at sea will report their positions in plain language immediately to the nearest British, US or Soviet Coast Wireless Telegraphy Station on 500 kc/s (600 metres) and will proceed to the nearest German or Allied port or such ports as the Allied Representatives may direct, and will remain there pending further directions from the Allied Representatives. At night they will show lights and display searchlights with beams held vertically.

14. Craft whether in port or at sea will immediately train all weapons fore and aft. Torpedo tubes will be unloaded and breech blocks will be removed from guns.

Airfields

15. All airfields, landing grounds and sea-plane alighting areas will immediately be cleared of obstructions and will where necessary and as far as station resources permit be made serviceable as quickly as possible and will be maintained in a serviceable condition.

16. Serviceable airfield equipment and facilities will be kept in good order. Damaged. and unserviceable airfield equipment and facilities will be repaired as quickly as possible and will be maintained in serviceable condition.

PART II -- DISARMAMENT

Responsibility for Disarmament

17. The German High Command will be responsible for the immediate and total disarmament of all air forces in accordance with these orders and any subsequent orders which may be issued by the Allied Representatives.

Method of Disarmament

18. War material as listed in the special orders to OKW with the exceptions therein stated will remain in site and will be held intact and in good condition at the disposal of the Allied Representatives. Such special action as is required with certain types of equipment is set out in paragraphs 19 and 27 below.

Aircraft

19. Except as specifically authorized by these orders or by the Allied Representatives all aircraft will be immobilized by one or more of the methods stated below, but under no circumstances will engines and aircraft be damaged in any way during this procedure. A uniform method of immobilization will be used for aircraft of each type.

1. Removing one of the essential aerofoil surfaces from each aircraft e.g. rudder or elevator.

2. Removing the main fuel pumps to the aircraft power units.

3. Removing the propellers.

20. The following equipment will be removed from all aircraft.

1. Guns (all types) and ammunition.

2. Bombs.

3. Gun sights and bomb sights.

4. Bomb racks and gun turrets.

5. Rockets.

6. Radio.

21. All aircraft will be concentrated and safeguarded and all items removed from aircraft under paragraphs 19 and 20 will be segregated from aircraft, concentrated and safeguarded.

Flying Bombs and Rocket-propelled Weapons

22.

1. All flying bombs will be immobilized by the removal of fuses, detonators, and fuel pumps.

2. All weapons and projectiles propelled by rockets or similar devices will be immobilized by the removal of essential parts of mechanism.

23. Flying bombs and rocket propelled weapons and projectiles will be concentrated and safeguarded and all items removed from flying bombs and rocket propelled weapons and projectiles under paragraphs 22 a. and b. will be segregated, concentrated and safeguarded.

Anti-aircraft Guns

24. Heavy and light anti-aircraft guns under the control of the German Air Force will be neutralised immediately by the removal of the essential parts of the mechanism. Parts so removed will be segregated from guns, concentrated and safeguarded. Ammunition will also be concentrated and safeguarded. Under no circumstances will guns or equipment be damaged in any way during this procedure.

Small Arms

25. The exception of such weapons as are authorized in the special Orders to OKW to be retained for guard purposes, all small arms, including machine guns, will be withdrawn from individuals, concentrated and safeguarded.

Explosives and Gas Bombs and Equipment

26. Explosives. All explosives (including bombs, ammunition and pyrotechnics) will be concentrated and safeguarded. No ammunition will be withdrawn and safeguarded.

27. Gas Bombs and Equipment. Gas bombs and gas spray containers will be concentrated or safeguarded. If any bombs or containers are filled with gas, precautions will be taken against leakage.

War Material not held by GAF Units or in Transit

28. All Air Force materials located in factories and held by agencies other than GAF units, will remain in site pending further instructions.

29. In the absence of further orders material in transit may proceed to its destination.

Depots

30. All personnel at depots will remain at their stations pending further instructions and no depot or park will be closed down or disbanded without instructions from Allied Representatives.

Listing of War Material

31.

1. Stocktaking will be conceded forthwith of all war material of whatever nature and wherever situated which was intended for use by the German Air Forces, or has at any been in use by the German Air Forces. Lists of such war material will immediately be prepared by German commanders concerned covering material held at all depots, dumps, stations, temporary installations factories, research centres and elsewhere. They will be compiled on a standard form, a specimen of which is attached as an annexure to these Orders.

2. These lists, which will be prepared in quadruplicate, will be completed within two months of the cessation of hostilities. Priority in listing will be given to implements of war.

32. German authorities will carry out the Orders given by Allied representatives in surveying the control and disposal of war material. The system of accounting for receipts and issues of equipment as prescribed by the German regulations will continue. All records, inventories, stock states, etc. of war material at present or previously held in all installations will be made available as required by Allied Representatives.

Provision of Services

33 Any services tat may be ordered by Allied Representatives in connection with the treatment and disposal of war material will be provided, and in particular the necessary labour personnel, both skilled and unskilled, and any plant or equipment together with operating perrsonnel that may from time be required.

Responsibility for Delivery of War Material

34. When ordered to hand over and deliver any items of war material the German authorities will be fully responsible, unless otherwise instructed, for arranging its evacuation and delivery to the place nominated and for ensuring that it is handed over in good order together with any accessories that may be required. They will remain responsible for this material until it has been duly accepted by the Allied Representatives.

Annexure to Appendices 'C' and 'E'

Specimen form for Listing Equipment

LIST OF EQUIPMENT HELD AT ______ Location of Unit/Dump/Depot/Installation	Sheet No. ______
REPORTED BY ____________________	Date ____________________
REPORT NO. _______________ COVERING PERIOD _______________ TO _______________

(1) Serial No.	(2) German Type Number (Ar der Stoffglied- erung)	(3) Description	(4) Service- able	(5) Unser- viceable	(6) Total	(7) Remarks

NOTE:	Columns 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 to be completed by the German Commander concerned. After approval by the Allied Supervising Officer, the list will be forwarded through German channels to the Wehrkreis or Military District concerned. Allied Supervising Officers will forward one copy through Allied channels to Control Staffs concerned.	CERTIFICATE:	I certify that this is a true and correct statement of equipment held by the Unit/Dump/Depot/Installation under my command.
	Countersigned ____________________ Allied Supervising Commander ____________________ (organization) Date ____________________		Signed ____________________ Commanding Officer (German) ____________________ (organization)

6. Bombing

   Conditions may arise where serious or widespread hostile acts are being committed by the Germans. Under such circumstances, bombing or other forms of air action may be employed as a military measure subject to the following conditions.

   1. The decision to resort to air action on a major scale rests with the Supreme Commander.

   2. If in the opinion of an Army Group Commander action within the capacity of the occupying air forces should be resorted to, he will request--such action through normal channels. No air action as a military measure will be undertaken without the authority of the Army Group Commander concerned.

   3. The principles relating to the use of air action within the capacity of the occupying air forces will be as follows:--

      1. Immediate application of the attack as soon as the requirement arises.

      2. The continuation of the attack at high intensity until the object has been achieved.

      3. Disregard of danger to civilian property which may be incidental to air action against a military target in the vicinity.

      4. Extensive publicity at air action which has been taken, as a deterrent to other offenders:

      5. Air action should be confined to the area in which hostile acts are being committed.

7. Destruction of Private Property

   Private property which has been illegally used for sniping or other hostile action may be destroyed if such action is considered necessary for the. security of the occupying forces or as a deterrent to the enemy.

Hostages

8. 1. The taking of hostages is a further means of enforcing obedience to the terms of Surrender or compliance with the laws of War. It will in no case be resorted to without the prior authority of the Supreme Commander. The execution of hostages is not regarded with favour and will never be carried out in the absence of authority of the Supreme Commander.

   2. One of the uses to which hostages may be put after the occupation of the area by Allied forces is to force them to accompany military parties into buildings or areas which, after being cleared or inspected, are suspected of having been subsequently illegally mined or booby trapped, or to compel them to ride on trains or other forms of transportation liable to be damaged by illegal acts of sabotage in occupied territory.

   3. In the event authority for taking hostages is granted., they will be selected in an equitable manner and notification of such selection given to the community. This notification will contain an announcement as to the proposed use of the hostages involved, and a statement that the consequences of any illegal acts will fall upon such hostages.

Authority to order the use of sanctions or reprisals

9. Army Group Commanders have power, except as limited by paras 6 and 8a, to order the use of sanctions and reprisals, and may delegate their authority in this matter to the extent necessary to ensure the prompt imposition of such sanctions and reprisals.

AIR STAFF
SUPREME HEADQUARTERS
ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE (FWD)
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff (Air)

REF:	SH AIR/TS 959/Air Plans	4 April 1945
SUBJECT:	Operation "ECLIPSE" -- Memorandum No. 4 -- AIR LIFT PLAN
TO:	See Distribution List.

1. The "ECLIPSE" Air Lift Plan is issued for the information and guidance of officers who require to be acquainted with its contents in the course of planning and executing "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations.

2. Part of this plan has already been put into operation, the remainder will be put into effect as and when required. Minor details of organisation and procedure laid out in the plan should not be regarded as rigid since these will be suspectible to adjustment according to the circumstances that arise.

3. Air Commands and Agencies not under command of Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force, are requested to give any assistance that may be required of them in the preparation and execution of this Plan.

For the Deputy Supreme Commander:

/signed/
J.M. ROBE
Air Marshal
Deputy Chief of Staff (Air).

DISTRIBUTION LIST

	NO. OF COPIES
	COPY NO:
Allied Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force.	1-30
Commanding General, Sixth Army Group.	31-51
Commanding General, Twelfth Army Group.	52-96
Commander-in-Chief, 21 Army Group.	97-121
Commanding General, First Allied Airborne Army.	122-127
Commanding General, Communications Zone, ETO.	128-152
Commanding General, First Tactical Air Force (Provisional).	153-162
Air Officer Commanding, Second Tactical Air Force.	163-172
Commanding General, Ninth Air Force.	173-182
Air Officer Commanding, No. 38 Group, RAF.	183-184
Air Officer Commanding, No. 46 Group, RAF.	185-186
Commander UNITED STATES Naval Force in EUROPE.	187-191
Commander UNITED STATES Naval Force in FRANCE.	192-196
Commanding General, MTOUSA.	197-198
Supreme Allied Commander, MEDITERRANEAN (including copies for Commander-in-Chief, Allied Armies in Italy).	199-208
Commanding General, UNITED STATES Strategic Air Forces.	209-223
Commanding General, MEDITERRANEAN Allied Air Forces.	224-225
The Secretary, The Admiralty.	226-233
Chief of Navy Operations, Navy Department, Washington D.C.	234-235
The Under Secretary of State, The War Office.	236-255
Adjutant General, War Department, Washington D.C. (including copies for OPD and Civil Affairs Division)	256-280
General Officer Commander-in-Chief, Scottish Command.	281-283
The Under Secretary of State, Air Ministry (including copies for Air Officers Commanding-in-Chief, Bomber Command, Coastal Command and Transport Command).	284-303
Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Fighter Command.	304-313
Combined Chiefs of Staff, Washington D.C.	314-345
Secretary Chiefs of Staff Committee, Offices of the War Cabinet.	316-317
UNITED STATES Group Control Council (GERMANY).	318-332
Control Commission for GERMANY (BRITISH element).	333-350
SHAEF Mission to DENMARK.	351-354
Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force:-
Supreme Commander.	355
Deputy Supreme Commander.	356
Chief of Staff.	357
Deputy Chief of Staff.	358
Deputy Chief of Staff (Air).	359
Deputy Chief of Staff (Air) Rear.	360-364
Chief Administrative Officer.	365
Secretary General of Staff.	367-368
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-1.	369-373
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2.	374-398
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3.	399-468
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-4.	469-490
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-5.	491-505
Assistant Chief of Staff, A-2.	506-507
Assistant Chief of Staff, A-3.	508-509
Assistant Chief of Staff, A-4.	510-513
Allied Naval Expeditionary Forces (SHAEF).	514-516
Adjutant General.	517-519
Chief, Engineer Division.	520-523
Chief, Air Defense Division.	524-526
Chief, Signal Division.	527-535
Chief, Air Signal Division.	536-537
Chief, Psychological Warfare Division.	538-543
Chief, Public Relations Division.	544-545
Chief, Medical Division.	546
Political Officer, BRITISH.	547
Political Officer, US.	548

	COPY NO:
War Diary.	549-551
French Military Mission for GERMAN Affairs (thro' SHAEF Mission FRANCE).	552-557
Commanding General, Fifteenth Army.	558-563
Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Bomber Command (Advance) (c/o Air Staff, SHAEF).	564
Special Force Headquarters.	565
OSS (c/o G-3 Division, SHAEF).	566-567
Special Operations Executive.	568
Allied Commission (AUSTRIA) (Air Force Division).	569
SHAEF Mission (FRANCE).	570
SHAEF Mission (HOLLAND).	571
SHAEF Mission (BELGIUM).	572
Nucleus Static District Staffs (Attention Colonel Martling) c/o Army Ground Forces Division, US Group Control. Council.	573-577
Historical File US.	578
Historical File BR.	579
File SH AIR/TS 959/Air Plans.	580

SH AIR/TS 959/AIR PLANS

"ECLIPSE" MEMORANDUM NO. 4
OUTLINE AIR LIFT PLAN

OBJECT

1. The objects of this Memorandum are to set out the machinery for Air Lift in "ECLIPSE" and to allocate general responsibilities for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift Operations. Arrangements for certain particular Air Lift tasks are set out in greater detail in Appendices attached to this Memorandum.

TASKS

2 The Air Lift tasks to be executed during "ECLIPSE" may be summarised as follows:--

1. The movement of specialist and other personnel and their accompanying equipment into GERMANY, including the air delivery of PWX Contact Officers to P.W. camps or their vicinities.

2. Supply of scheduled emergency requirements to Ground Forces and Air Force advancing into GERMANY, including BERLIN District Command.

3. Provision of ADLS Services, including those required for PR.

4. The emergency delivery of food and medical supplies to Allied P.W.

5. The evacuation of Allied P.W.

6. Any other Air Lift tasks not previously envisaged and arising out of "ECLIPSE" conditions.

3. There is no intention in this Memorandum to refer to Airborne operations, the resupply of Airborne forces, or the delivery of supplies by parachute or glider under plans made by the First Allied Airborne Army.

CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH "ECLIPSE" AIR LIFT TASKS MAY BE IMPLEMENTED

4. Operation "ECLIPSE" is the military continuation of "OVERLORD" from the moment of a GERMAN surrender until control in GERMANY is taken over from the Supreme Commander by the Tripartite Government or by separate UNITED STATES and BRITISH Commanders. The definition of "surrender" is as follows:

1. When the GERMAN Government and/or GERMAN High Command formally sign the instrument of surrender,

   or

2. When the major portion of the GERMAN forces opposing us has capitulated or been overpowered. In this alternative, a decision will be taken by the Supreme Commander, as to when "OVERLORD" gives place to "ECLIPSE", and an arbitrary date for the changeover will be fixed.

It is considered that the latter of these alternatives is more likely.

5. The first day of Operation "ECLIPSE" will be known as 'A' Day.

6. It is clear, therefore, that the conditions under which "ECLIPSE" may be implenented are very variable and will have a considerable effect on the Air Lift tasks to be undertaken. The further the Allied forces advance into GERMANY before the final collapse occurs, the smaller will be the scope of "ECLIPSE" operations and of the Air Lift tasks related thereto. These in turn will be further affected by the conditions prevailing inside GERMANY at the time.

7. Plans must therefore, be sufficiently flexible to allow for widely varying conditions. It may be that it will be necessary to implement certain "ECLIPSE" Air Lift tasks before 'A' Day "ECLIPSE" is proclaimed; it is also possible that ''ECLIPSE" conditions nay occur in some parts of GERMANY while "OVERLORD" conditions prevail elsewhere.

AIR LIFT RESOURCES AVAILABLE

8. Subject to the operational requirements, the air lift resources that will be available will be as under:--

1. Heavy Bomber Aircraft

   The number of aircraft that will be available will depend on the number and scope of other commitments at the time. At maximum, it will account to the figures quoted below, but it is unlikely that these will be achieved if any other commitments are existant.

   USSTAF -- Approximately 1800 B.17 and B.22 aircraft -- 38 Groups of 48 aircraft per group.

   RAF Bomber Command -- Approximately 1000 Lancaster and Halifax aircraft.

2. Troop Carrier Lircraft

   Ater the requirements of Airborne operations (and their Air resupply of Airborne Forces) have been met, the balance of the troop carrier resources of the First Allied Airborne Army will be made available for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations under the operational direction of GATOR. At maximum, these will comprise approximately 1,400 troop carrier aircraft.

9. The above resources do not include those of the USSTAF Air Technical Service Command which will not be available for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations, but which will continue to be controlled by the Commanding General, USSTAF.

METHOD OF OPERATION

ECLIPSE GATOR

10. In order to execute the tasks enumerated in para 2 above, the present GATOR organisation will be expanded to include representatives of the following Staff Divisions and outside agencies. This expanded organisation will be known as ECLIPSE GATOR:--

SHAEF

A-2 Division
A-3 Division
A-4 Division
G-1 Division, PWX
G-3 Division
G-4 Division

Associated Operating Agencies

USSTAF
RAF Bomber Command
War Office (DQMG(K))
Air Ministry (D of Movements)
Com Zone (including UK Base)

21 Army Group (GOC L of C)
First Allied Airborne Army
BERLIN District Command

11. It is emphasised that ECLIPSE GATOR is merely a means of expediting normal staff procedure between SHAEF Staff Divisions and outside agencies. The individual representatives of ECLIPSE GATOR will remain at all times responsible to their normal service chiefs to whom they will refer for instructions and guidance as requisite.

12. ECLIPSE GATOR will be activated by SHAEF after co-ordination with associated agencies, and will consist Forward and Rear echelons built up on the existing GATOR organisation as follows:--

ECLIPSE GATOR Forward -- SHAEF Forward
ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (Continent) SHAEF Main
ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK) -- SHAEF (Air) Rear, STANMORE.

Each of the three echelons of ECLIPSE GATOR will be coordinated by a senior officer appointed by the Deputy Supreme Commander.

13. It is not envisaged that ECLIPSE GATOR will be activated in its entirety at one step. Rather it is the intention that the existing GATOR organisation will be built up gradually by adding the above ECLIPSE increments as and when required.

14. At a time to be decided by .the Deputy Chief of Staff (Air), the "ECLIPSE" Air Lift Committee will be disbanded, and ECLIPSE GATOR will assume the planning responsibilities of the latter in addition to its responsibilities as an executive body.

15. The "ECLIPSE" increments of GATOR will be disbanded by SHAEF as soon as Air Lift requirements can again be handled by the . existing GATOR organisation.

Bids

16. General

Bidders for air lift will include any of the Naval, Ground Force, Air Force or other agencies participating in "ECLIPSE".

17. Bids for Movement of Personnel (see para. 2 (a) above)

Preplanned bids into movement of specialist and other personnel into GERMANY are already being submitted to the "ECLIPSE" Air Lift Committee who will accept, reject or modify them as necessary. On the disbandment of the "ECLIPSE" Air Lift Committee this task will be undertaken by ECLIPSE GATOR. When "ECLIPSE" occurs all those bids will be submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR for implementation in the light of the available Air Lift resources and of the other Air Lift tasks arising at the time (see the remainder of para. 2 above). Bids for the movement of personnel that arise after "ECLIPSE" has begun will be submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR according to the procedure laid down in SHAEF Operational Memorandum No. 29 and SHAEF Administrative Memorandum No.18.

18. Bids for Supply of Scheduled and Emergency Requirements of Ground and Air Forces advancing into GERMANY (see para. 2 (b) above)

These bids will be submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR in accordance with the procedure laid down in SHAEF Operational Memorandum No. 29 and SHAEF Administrative Memorandum No. 18. It is the intention that Army Groups, Com Zone and Tactical Air Forces should continue to receive scheduled air supply as heretofore and, subject to any over-riding commitments that may arise, ECLIPSE GATOR will allocate air lift permanently for this purpose.

19. Bids for ADLS Services (see para 2 (c) above)

Bids for scheduled ADLS Services will be submitted to CASO, SHAEF, as heretofore according to the procedure laid down in SHAEF Operational Memorandum No. 9. CASO will then be responsible for obtaining the necessary air lift from ECLIPSE GATOR. Bids for special ADSL Services will be submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR.

20. Bids for the Emergency Delivery of Food and Medical Supplies to Allied P.W. (see para. 2 (d) above)

It is envisaged that a proportion on of bids for the emergency dropping of food and medical supplies to Allied P.W. will originate at ECLIPSE GATOR Forward as a result of intelligence received by SHAEF. Army Groups may, however, bid to ECLIPSE GATOR for such supplies to P.W. in areas over-run by our ground forces. These, and bids for air landing supplies for P.W., will be submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR according to the procedure laid down in SHAEF Operational Memorandum No. 29, and Administrative Memorandum No. 18 (see also Appendix 'E' to this Memorandum). Bids for dropping will be met from the SHAEF stockpile in the UK; bids for air landing will normally be met from the stockpiles set up by 21 Army Group/Com Zone on the Continent.

21. Bids for the Air Evacuation of Allied P.W. (see para. 2 (e) above)

Bids for the Air Evacuation of Allied P.W. will be submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR according to the procedure laid down in SHAEF Operational Memorandum No 29 and Administrative Memorandum No. 18. Sick and wounded P.W. will be evacuated under the same arrangments as for combat casualties. (see Appendix 'F').

22. Any other bids (see para. 2 (f) above)

Any other bids arising during "ECLIPSE", and not covered by the above paragraphs, will be submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR as they occur.

23. Allocation of Tasks

In the light of the conditions prevailing at the time, ECLIPSE GATOR will decide the allocation of tasks between USSTAF, RAF Bomber Command and Troop Carrier Formations, and will communicate those decisions, together with appropriate details of each requirement, to the Air Agencies concerned. The responsibility for making broad allocations of aircraft for air lift purposes will rest with ECLIPSE GATOR Forward who will also co-ordinate the activities of ECLIPSE GATOR Rear echelons.

24. The ECLIPSE GATOR Rear echelons will be responsible for arranging the movement of personnel and supplies to and from airfields outside GERMANY, and for co-ordinating the air ground movement as a whole. Should circumstances necessitate any policy change of programme, ECLIPSE GATOR Rear echelons will refer the matter for decision to ECLIPSE GATOR Forward.

PRIORITIES

25. The general priorities for Air Lift during "ECLIPSE" will be as laid down by the Supreme Commander, AEF, and modified by him from time to time. The current order of priorities is attached at Appendix 'D'. Within the framework of these priorities ECLIPSE GATOR will be responsible for deciding the relative priorities of tho various Air Lift tasks. The decision veil be taken by the G-3 representatives on ECLIPSE GATOR Forward. In cases of doubt, or if a change in fundamental priorities appears to be necessary, he will refer to the Chief of Staff, SHAEF, for a decision through the normal G-3 channels.

AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES

26. The air transport services provided by the BRITISH and UNITED STATES Air Transport Commands will continue to operate during "ECLIPSE". These organisations will not, however, carry out any air transport flights to or from new locations on the Continent without the prior permission of SHAEF, obtained through. ECLIPSE GATOR.

SIGNALS

27. The Signals Plan for the main communication facilities, required by ECLIPSE GATOR is at "Appendix 'C' -- Signals Plan for ECLIPSE GATOR Organisation".

CONTROL OF PERSONNEL MOVEMENT

28. It will be necessary for all personnel movement by air to be strictly controlled. In particular, it is probable that many unauthorised

persons, including especially undesirable GERMAN Nationals, will attempt to escape from GERMANY in Allied aircraft employed on the evacuation of P.W. and other tasks. It will be the responsibility of Agencies despatching and receiving personnel to ensure that adequate arrangements are made to screen personnel moving by air; Air Agencies will be responsible for ensuring that only those persons authorised by the despatching agencies are carried in their aircraft.

ALLOCATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AIRFIELDS

29. ECLIPSE GATOR will request Air Staff, SHAEF for allocation of such existing airfields as may be necessary for the execution of air movement and supply under the provisions of this Memorandum.

30. All requests for the construction of now airfields for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift purposes (including rehabilitation of any existing airfields) will be made by ECLIPSE GATOR on Air Staff, SHAEF. The responsibility for the execution of such construction as may be approved will be determined by Air Staff, SHAEF, in consultation with the Air Force Engineers, SHAEF. In general this responsibility, not only for construction, but also for the maintenance and development of airfields allocated for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift tasks will be as follows:--

1. For such airfields as may be located in US areas, the Commanding General, USSTAF.

2. For such airfields as nay be located in BRITISH areas, the Commander-in-Chief, 21 Army Group.

RESPONSIBILITIES

ECLIPSE GATOR Forward

31. ECLIPSE GATOR Forward will be responsible for:--

1. Deciding broad allocations of Air Lift tasks to USSTAF, RAF Bomber Command and Troop Carrier Formations.

2. Allotting relative priorities to Air Lift tasks within the priorities framework laid down by the Supreme Commander, AEF, the decision being obtained through G-3 channels.

3. Co-ordinating the activities of ECLIPSE GATOR Rear Echelons.

4. Making application to Air Staff, SHAEF for the allocation and/or construction of such airfields as may be necessary for Air Lift purposes.

ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK)

32. ECLIPSE CATOR Rear (UK) will be responsible for:--

1. Amplifying and transmitting Air Lift tasks to the appropriate agencies responsible for ground movement and supply in the UNITED KINGDOM.

2. Co-ordinating the activities of all Air/Ground Agencies in .the UNITED KINGDOM that are participating in the execution of Air Lift tasks.

3. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR Forward and other agencies as appropriate of the progress and result of Air Lift operations carried out from the UK, and of the availability of aircraft allotted to Air Lift operations.

4. Co-ordinating its activities with those of ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (Continent).

ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (Continent)

33. ECLIPSE CATOR Rear (Continent) will be responsible for:--

1. Amplifying and transmitting Air Lift tasks to the appropriate agencies responsible for ground movement and supply on the Continent.

2. Co-ordinating the activities of all Air and Ground agencies on the Continent that are participating in the execution of air lift tasks.

3. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR Forward and other agencies as appropriate of the progress and result of Air Lift operations carried out from the Continent, and of the availability of aircraft allotted to Air Lift operations.

4. Co-ordinating its activities with those of ECLIPSE CATOR Rear (UK).

Individual Responsibilities of ECLIPSE GATOR Representatives

34. The individual responsibilities of ECLIPSE GATOR representatives are set out in Appendix 'A'.

Bidders

35. Bidders will be responsible for taking certain executive action to assist the implementation of their bids. Where those responsibilities aire not covered by existing Memoranda, ECLIPSE GATOR will issue appropriate instructions accordingly.

Other Agencies

36. The responsibilities of Air and other Agencies participating in "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations are set out in Appendix 'B'.

DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS

37. Detailed instructions on various aspects of "ECLIPSE" Air Lift will be found in the following Appendices attached to this Memorandum:--

APPENDIX 'A' --	Individual Responsibilities of ECLIPSE GATOR Representatives.
APPENDIX 'B' --	Responsibilities of Air and other Agencies participating in "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations.
APPENDIX 'C' --	Signals Plan.
APPENDIX 'D' --	General Priorities for ECLIPSE" Air Lift.
APPENDIX 'E' --	Air Lift Plan for emergency delivery of Food and Medical supplies to Allied PW.
APPENDIX 'F' --	Air Lift Plan for Air Evacuation of Allied P.W.
APPENDIX 'G' --	Movement of Specialist Personnel.

APPENDIX 'A' to
"ECLIPSE" MEMORANDUM NO.4
OUTLINE AIR LIFT PLAN
SH AIR/TS 959/AIR PLANS

INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF ECLIPSE
GATOR REPRESENTATIVES

GENERAL

1. The corporate responsibilities of ECLIPSE GATOR are laid down in "ECLIPSE" Memorandum No. 4. This Appendix defines the additional responsibilities with which individual representatives are charged.

CHAIRMEN

2. Each of the three echelons of ECLIPSE GATOR will be co-ordinated by a chairman appointed by the Deputy Supreme Commander, to whom each of the chairmen will be responsible for the corporate functioning of his echelon of ECLIPSE GATOR. These chairmen will be assisted by deputy chairmen as requisite.

REPRESENTATIVES

Representatives of SHAEF Staff Divisions

3. A-2 Representatives will be responsible for:--

Obtaining, collecting and providing ECLIPSE GATOR with all intelligence required for air lift operations.

4. A-3 Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Advice on the air operational aspect of air lift.

2. Deciding priorities on questions of applies for Air Forces.

3. Selecting the air agencies for executing air lift tasks.

4. Ensuring that decisions to use aircraft are passed to the appropriate Air agencies through their ECLIPSE GATOR representatives.

5. Operationally directing troop carrier aircraft employed on "ECLIPSE" Air Lift tasks (other than Airborne operations and the resupply thereof).

6. Securing information from the Tactical Air Forces regarding local conditions which may affect Air Lift operations.

7. Initiating action for allocation and/or construction of airfields for air lift purposes.

5. A-4 Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Providing secretariat and accommodation for all three echelons of ECLIPSE GATOR.

2. Advice on priorities affecting Air Forces.

3. Advice on the selection of Air Agencies for air lift basics.

4. The Air logistical/administrative aspects of the operation.

5. In conjunction with G-4 representatives receiving and presenting all bids submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR.

6. G-1 PWX Representatives will be responsible for:--.

Advice on all matters affecting Allied P.W.

7. G-3 Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Policy decisions regarding overall priorities.

2. In conjunction with G-4 Representatives, deciding priorities on questions of supplies to Ground Forces.

3. Securing information from Army Groups and SHAEF regarding local conditions that may affect air lift operations.

8. G-4 Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. In conjunction with A-4 representatives receiving and presenting all bids for air lift submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR.

2. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the ratio of flow at which specialist and other personnel can be accepted in areas over-run by our Ground Forces.

3. Ensuring that instructions to implement ground movement and supply are issued to the appropriate authorities through their ECLIPSE GATOR representatives.

4. In conjunction with G-3 representatives deciding priorities on questions of supplies for Ground Forces.

5. Advice on priorities on questions of supplying and evacuating Allied P.W.

Appointed Representatives of Associated Operating Agencies

9. USSTAF Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Advice on the employment of USSTAF aircraft.

2. Transmitting ECLIPSE GATOR decisions to the appropriate USSTAF formations.

3. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the progress and result of "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations undertaken by USSTAF and of the availability of USSTAF aircraft for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations.

10. RAF Bomber Command Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Advice on the employment of RAF Bomber Command aircraft.

2. Transmitting ECLIPSE GATOR decisions to Headquarters RAF Bomber Command.

3. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the progress and result of "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations undertaken by RAF Bomber Command, and of the availability of RAF Bomber Command aircraft for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations.

11. First Allied Airborne Army Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Securing information from the Task Force Commanders of Airborne operations seising centres in GERMANY, regarding local conditions which may affect Air Lift.

2. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the rate of flow at which specialist and other personnel can be accepted into areas captured and controlled by Airborne Forces.

3. Co-ordinating details of the First Allied Airborne Army's operations with ECLIPSE GATOR operations.

12. War Office Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Advice on ground movement and supply problems in the UK.

2. Transmitting ECLIPSE GATOR instructions to implement ground movement and supply to the appropriate authorities under War Office control in the UK.

3. Co-ordinating with Air ministry and Com Z (UK Base), details of ground movement and supply problems in the UK.

13. Com Zone (UK Base) Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Advice on ground movement and supply problems in the UK.

2. Transmitting ECLIPSE GATOR instructions to implement ground movement and supply to the appropriate authorities under UK Base Control in the UK.

3. Co-ordinating with War Office and Air Ministry details of ground movement and supply problems in the UK.

14. Air Ministry Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Advice on ground movement and supply problems in the UK.

2. Transmitting ECLIPSE GATOR instructions to implement ground movement and supply to the appropriate authorities under Air Ministry control in the UK.

3. Co-ordinating with War Office and Com Zone (UK Ease), details of ground movement and supply problems in the UK.

15. Com Z. and 21. Army Group Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Advice regarding ground movement and supply problems on the Continent.

2. Transmitting ECLIPSE GATOR instructions to implement ground movement and supply to the appropriate authorities under their control on the Continent.

3. Mutual co-ordination of ground movement and supply problems on the Continent.

16. BERLIN District Command Representatives will be responsible for:--

1. Securing information from Headquarters BERLIN District Command, in BERLIN, regarding local conditions that may affect air lift.

2. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the rate of flow at which specialist and other personnel can be accepted in BERLIN.

3. Co-ordinating details of the movement of personnel and supplies into BERLIN.

APPENDIX 'B' to
"ECLIPSE" MEMORANDUM NO.4
OUTLINE AIR LIFT PLAN
SH AIR/TS 959/AIR PLANS

RESPONSIBILITIES ON AIR AND OTHER AGENCIES

USSTAF

1. USSTAF will be responsible for:--

1. Implementing the air lift tasks allotted to USSTAF by ECLIPSE GATOR. This will include the loading into aircraft of emergency supplies for dropping to Allied P.W.

2. Co-ordinating detailed allocations of USSTAF aircraft to air lift missions with ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK or Continent as appropriate), so as to tie-in with ground movement and supply requirements.

3. In conjunction with the appropriate Tactical Air Force, providing all necessary facilities for the operation of USSTAF aircraft on air lift tasks; this will include the reconnaissance of forward airfields and the establishment of forward control and servicing parties as requisite.

4. In conjunction with Com Zone (UK Base), arranging for the movement to USSTAF airfields in the UK of food and medical supplies for dropping to Allied P.W.

5. In conjunction with Com Zone (Continent), arranging for the reception of evacuated P.W. at airfields in FRANCE.

6. In conjunction with Com Zone (UN Base), arranging for the reception of UNITED STATES P.W. at Air Ministry airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM.

7. In conjunction with Com Zone (UK Base), and Air Ministry arranging for the reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. at USSTAF airfields, in the UNITED KINGDOM.

8. In conjunction with Com Zone (including UK Base), arranging for the emergency reception of UNITED STATES P.W. who, through weather or other causes may be landed at airfields not intended for their reception, both in the UNITED KINGDOM and on the Continent.

9. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the progress and result of "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations undertaken by USSTAF, and of the availability of USSTAF aircraft for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations.

RAF Bomber Command

2. RAF Bomber Command will be responsible for:--

1. Implementing the air lift tasks allotted to RAF Bomber Command by ECLIPSE GATOR. This will include the loading into aircraft of emergency supplies for dropping to Allied P.W.

2. Co-ordinating detailed allocations of RAF Bomber Command aircraft to air lift missions with ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK or Continent as appropriate) so as to tie-in with ground movement and supply requirements.

3. In conjunction with the appropriate Tactical Air Force, providing all necessary facilities for the operation of RAF Bomber Command aircraft on air lift tasks; this will include the reconnaissance of forward airfields and the establishment of forward control and servicing parties as requisite.

4. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the progress and result of air lift operations undertaken by RAF Bomber Command, and of the availability of RAF Bomber Command aircraft for "ECLIPSE" air lift operations.

Troop Carrier Groups/Commands

3. Troop Carrier Groups/Commands will be responsible for:--

1. Implementing the air lift tasks allocated to them by ECLIPSE GATOR.

2. In conjunction with the appropriate Tactical Air Force, providing all necessary facilities for the operation of Troop Carrier aircraft on air lift tasks; this will include the reconnaissance of forward airfields and the establishment of forward control and servicing parties as requisite.

3. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the progress and result of air lift operations carried out by Troop Carrier aircraft and of the availability of troop carrier aircraft for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations.

Tactical Air Forces

4. The Tactical Air Forces will be responsible for:--

1. Providing any air reconnaissance required in connection with air lift tasks; this will include the air reconnaissance of P.W. camps in GERMANY.

2. In conjunction with USSTAF, RAF Bomber Command and Troop Carrier Groups Commands providing all necessary facilities for the operation of aircraft on air lift tasks; this will include the reconnaissance of forward airfields and the establishment of forward control and servicing parties as requisite.

3. In conjunction with their associated Amy Groups, bidding to ECLIPSE GATOR for Air Lift to supply or evacuate Allied P.W. in their areas.

4. Advising ECLIPSE GATOR on the allocation of forward airfields in their areas for supply or evacuation purposes.

21 Amy Group (including GOC L of C)

5. 21 Army Group (including GOC L of C) will be responsible for the following tasks within the 21 Army Group area:--

1. Provision, packing, movement to airfields and loading into aircraft of supplies for emergency delivery by air.

2. Unloading emergency supplies flown in to airfields within the 21 Army Group area.

3. Movement to and from airfields, including forward airfields, of all personnel, equipment and stores, being transported under "ECLIPSE" air lift arrangements.

4. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the rate of flow at which specialist and other personnel can be accepted in areas under 21 Amy Group control.

5. In conjunction with the Second Tactical Air Force, bidding to ECLIPSE GATOR for air lift for emergency supplies for Allied P.W. in the 21 Army Group area.

6. In conjunction with the Second Tactical Air Force, bidding to ECLIPSE GATOR for air lift to evacuate Allied P.W. uncovered in the 21 Army Group area.

7. Administration of Allied P.W. uncovered in the 21 Army Group area. This will include accommodation, documentation, movement to airfields, medical arrangements and security control.

8. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the progress of 21 Arm y Group operations for the air evacuation of Allied P.W.

Twelfth and Sixth Army Groups

6. Twelfth and Sixth Army Groups will be responsible for:--

1. Unloading emergency supplies flown in to forward transport airfields within their areas.

2. Movement of personnel, equipment and stores to and from forward transport airfields in their areas.

3. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the rate of flow at which specialist and other personnel can be accepted in areas under their control.

4. In conjunction with their associated Tactical Air Force and Coin Zone, bidding to ECLIPSE CATOR for air lift for emergency supplies for Allied P.W. in their areas.

5. In conjunction with their associated Tactical Air Force and Com Zone, bidding to ECLIPSE GATOR for air lift to evacuate Allied P.W. uncovered in their areas.

6. Administration of all Allied P.W. uncovered in their areas. This will include accommodation, movement to airfields, medical arrangements and security control.

7. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the progress of their operations for the air evacuation of Allied P.W. in their areas.

Com Zone (Continent)

7. Com Zone (Continent) will be responsible for the following tasks within the Communications Zone on the Continent:--

1. Provision, packing, and movement to airfields of supplies for emergency delivery by air.

2. Moving to and from airfields, personnel, equipment and stores to be transported under "ECLIPSE" Air Lift arrangements, including evacuated Allied P.W.

3. In conjunction with Sixth and Twelfth Army Groups, and their associated Tactical Air Forces, bidding to ECLIPSE GATOR for air lift for supply and evacuation of Allied P.W. in Sixth and Twelfth Army Group areas.

4. In conjunction with USSTAF arranging for the reception of UNITED STATES P.W. at the airfields in FRANCE to which a proportion of these will be evacuated.

5. Accommodation and disposing of UNITED STATES P.W. evacuated to airfields on the Continent.

6. Providing temporary accommodation for any BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. landed at airfields within the Communications Zone pending transfer to the UNITED KINGDOM.

7. In conjunction with USSTAF, making arrangements for the emergency reception of Allied P.W., who, through weather or other causes, may be landed at airfields on the Continent not intended for their reception.

Com Zone (UK Base)

3. Com Zone (UK Base) will be responsible for the following tasks in the UNITED KINGDOM:--

1. Provision, packing, and movement to airfields of supplies, for emergency delivery by air, other than supplies for dropping to P.W., see sub. para. (b) and (c) below.

2. Providing packed rations and medical supplies for dropping to Allied P.W.

3. In conjunction with USSTAF, arranging for the movement to USSTAF airfields of packed rations and medical supplies for dropping to Allied P.W.

4. In conjunction with the War Office and Air Ministry, moving to and from airfields all other personnel, equipment and stores to be transported under "ECLIPSE" air lift arrangements, including evacuated Allied P.W.

5. In conjunction with USSTAF arranging for the reception of UNTIED STATES P.W. at USSTAF airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM.

6. In conjunction with USSTAF and Air Ministry, arranging for the reception of UNITED STATES P.W. at Air Ministry airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM, including the provision of mobile reception teams as appropriate.

7. In conjunction with USSTAF and Air Ministry, arranging for the reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. at USSTAF airfields in tho UNITED KINGDOM.

8. In conjunction with USSTAF, making arrangements for the emergency reception of UNITED STATES P.W. who, through weather or other causes, may be landed at airfields not intended for their reception, both in the UNITED KINGDOM and on the Continent.

9. Accommodating and disposing of UNITED STATES P.W. evacuated to airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM.

War Office

9. War Office will be responsible for the following tasks in the UK:--

1. Provision, packing, movement to airfields, and loading into aircraft of supplies for emergency delivery by air other than supplies for dropping to P.W., see sub-para. (b) below.

2. Provision and movement to airfields of packed rations and medical supplies for dropping to Allied P.W.

3. In conjunction with Air Ministry and Com Zone (UK Base), arranging for the movement to and from airfields in the US of all other personnel, equipment and stores being transported under "ECLIPSE" Air Lift arrangements, including evacuated Allied P.W.

4. In conjunction with the Air ministry, making arrangements for the emergency reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. who, through weather or other causes, may be landed at airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM that are not intended for their reception.

5. Accommodating and disposing of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. after those have been evacuated to the UNITED KINGDOM.

Air Ministry

10. Air Ministry will be responsible for the following tasks in the UNITED KINGDOM:--

1. In conjunction with the War Office and Com Zone (UK Base), arranging for the movement to and from airfields of personnel, equipment and stores being transported under "ECLIPSE" air lift arrangements, to include Allied P.W. evacuated by air.

2. Arranging for the reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. at Air Ministry airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM.

3. In conjunction with Com Zone (UK Base) and USSTAF, arranging for the reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. at USSTAF airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM.

4. In conjunction with Com Zone (UK Base), and USSTAF, arranging for the reception of UNITED STATES P.W. at Air Ministry airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM.

5. In conjuration with the War Office, making arrangements for the emergency reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. who, through weather or other causes, may be landed at airfields not intended for their reception in the UNTITED KINGDOM.

First Allied Airborne Army

11. First Allied Airborne Army will be responsible for:--

1. Providing sufficient liaison to ensure that the Airborne operations of the First Allied Airborne Army are dovetailed in with the air lift operations undertaken by ECLIPSE GATOR.

2. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the rate of flow at which specialist and other personnel can be accepted into areas captured and controlled by Airborne Forces.

BERLIN District Command

12. BERLIN District Command will be responsible for:--

1. Informing ECLIPSE GATOR of the rate of flow at which specialist and other personnel can be accepted in BERLIN.

2. Co-ordinating details of the movement of personnel and supplies into BERLIN.

3. In consultation with the Air Command BERLIN District, bidding to ECLIPSE GATOR for air lift for evacuation of Allied P.W. from BERLIN.

APPENDIX 'C' to
"ECLIPSE" MEMORANDUM NO.4
OUTLINE AIR LIFT PLAN
SH AIR/TS 959/AIR PLANS

SIGNALS PLAN FOR ECLIPSE GATOR ORGANISATION

OBJECT

1. The object of this Appendix is to provide for the signal communication required for the functioning of the expanded GATOR (ECLIPSE GATOR) organisation.

PROVISION OF CIRCUITS

2. No direct communications in the form of either speech or teleprinter circuits, will be provided for the exclusive use of ECLIPSE GATOR. However, one teletype circuit will be provided between Air Staff, SHAEF Forward and Air Staff, SHAEF Rear at STANMORE with first priority for traffic allocated to ECLIPSE GATOR.

3. Telephone speech communications required will be available through switchboards as indicated below:--

1. From ECLIPSE GATOR Forward through SHAEF Forward Air Ops. Board to:--

   1. USSTAF Main.

   2. Second Tactical Air Force (RAF).

   3. Ninth US Air Force.

   4. First Tactical Air Force (Provisional).

   5. Bomber Command, RAF.

   6. ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK).

2. From ECLIPSE GATOR Forward through SHAEF Forward Manual Board to:--

   1. Commander, BERLIN District.

   2. 21 Army Group.

   3. 12 Army Group.

   4. 6 Army Group.

   5. War Office.

   6. Com Zone.

   7. Com Zone (UK Base).

   8. First Allied Airborne Army.

3. From ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK) through Headquarters, Fighter Command, STANMORE, board for all communications.

4. From ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (Continent) through Headquarters, SHAEF Main Board for all communications.

4. Teletype and radio messages will be passed through the normal communications channels of the headquarters at which the portion of ECLIPSE GATOR concerned is located; ECLIPSE GATOR Forward, ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK) and ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (Continent) using the normal facilities of Air Staff, SHAEF Forward, Headquarters, RAF, STANMORE, and Headquarters SHAEF Main, respectively.

RESPONSIBILITY FOR PROVISION OF COMMUNICATIONS

5. CASO, Air Staff, SHAEF, will be responsible for arranging for the provision of the following communications and connections:--

1. Allocation of one teletype circuit between Air Staff, SHAEF Forward and Air Staff SHAEF Rear, for primary but not exclusive use, of ECLIPSE GATOR.

2. Telephone connections from ECLIPSE GATOR Forward to SHAEF Forward switchboard and SHAEF Forward Air Ops. Switchboard.

3. Telephone connections from ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK) to Headquarters, RAF STANMORE, switchboard.

4. Telephone connections from ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (Continent) to SHAEF Main switchboard.

6. It will be the responsibility of any command operating at airfields on the Continent to provide any wireless equipment and personnel required to open up W/T channels from the airfields. Any equipment and personnel required for aerodrome control purposes should be included.

7. CASO, Air Staff, SHAEF, will be responsible for allocating frequencies required for specific locations under para. 6 above, upon application from the command concerned.

APPENDIX 'D' to
"ECLIPSE" MEMORANDUM NO.4
OUTLINE AIR LIFT PLAN
SH AIR/TS 959/AIR PLANS

AIR LIFT PRIORITIES "ECLIPSE"

PRIORITY I

Operational Requirements

1. To include, in the following order, air lift required to:--

1. Conduct bomber and airborne operations, and maintain air threat, including protection of Allied Prisoners of War.

2. Effect emergency resupply of ground forces.

3. Effect air evacuation of casualties, including sick and wounded Allied P.W.

PRIORITY II

Requirements to complete the defeat of GERMANY and to further the War against JAPAN

2. To include air lift for specialists who are required to seize and/or exploit vital targets (including first Priority 'T' Force targets).

PRIORITY III

Requirements for relief and maintenance of Allied Prisoners of War

3. To include airlift for introducing PWK Contact Officers into Prisoner of War camps ªand for the dropping of urgently needed supplies onto camps.

PRIORITY IV

Requirements for the control of the GERMAN War Machine

4. To include air lift for specialists required to seize and/or control certain important Ministries, Second Priority 'T' Force targets, press and radio agencies and key armament factories.

PRIORITY V

Requirements for initiating the establishment of law and order in GERMANY

5. To include air lift for specialists required to seize and/or control certain less important Ministries. Third Priority 'T' Force targets, transportation organisation, public utilities, financial and economic agencies, and for the introduction of advance parties of Military Government Staffs.

PRIORITY VI

Requirements for Air Evacuation of Allied P.W.

6. To include air lift for evacuating P.W. other than sick and wounded cases included in Priority I above. Whenever possible, the air evacuation of P.W. will be phased-in with other operations of higher priority.

PRIORITY VII

Other Requirements

7. To include the introduction by air of important but non-essential officials.

APPENDIX 'E' to
"ECLIPSE" MEMORANDUM NO.4
OUTLINE AIR LIFT PLAN
SH AIR/TS 959/AIR PLANS

AIR LIFT PLAN FOR EMERGENCY DELIVERY OF
FOOD AND MEDICAL SUPPLIES FOR ALLIED
PRISONERS OF WAR

OBJECT

1. To use air lift to drop emergency food and medical supplies to Allied Prisoners of War in the SHAEF sphere of GERMANY from 'A' Day "ECLIPSE" until their maintenance is assured by air landed supplies or ground L. of C. These arrangements to be extended .to P.W. in the SOVIET sphere so far as agreement with the USSR and our own resources permit.

2. Allied Force Headquarters, MEDITERRANEAN, are making similar plans for emergency delivery of supplies to Allied P.W. in AUSTRIA. Should weather, or other causes, prevent AFHQ from carrying out all or part of their commitments, they may call upon SHAEF for assistance in completing their task. Such requests will be given equal priority, with tasks to feed in the SHAEF sphere. AFHQ will render similar assistance to SHAEF so far as their resources permit.

3. There is no intention in this plan to refer to airborne, or other operations, undertaken with the object of protecting Allied P.W. from maltreatment or massacre by the enemy. This matter is the subject of a separate study.

COMMENCMENT OF THE OPERATION

4. The dropping of supplies to Allied P.W. will begin as and when ordered by the Supreme Commander, AEF. It is intended that this should be on 'A' Day "ECLIPSE", or as soon afterwards as practicable. It must be remembered, however, that the conditions under which "ECLIPSE" will occur are very uncertain; it .is possible that the dropping of supplies to P.W. may begin before 'A' Day; it is also possible that "ECLIPSE" conditions may occur in some parts of GERMANY, while "OVERLORD" conditions prevail elsewhere.

SCOPE OF THE OPERATION

Numbers of Allied P.W.

5. The number and distribution of Allied P.W. in GERMANY is currently as follows:--

	SHAEF Sphere	SOVIET Sphere	AUSTRIA
BRITISH COMMONWEALTH	105,000	80,000	14,700
UNITED STATES	29,000	44,000	4,400
FRENCH	360,000
SOVIET	400,000
Other Allied Nationals	200,000
TOTAL:	1,054,000

Nature of Commitment

6. It is estimated that 60% of Allied P.W. in the SHAEF sphere will require to be fed from the air. Allowing for greatly increased effort on good flying days in order to build-up supplies at P.W. camps against days when air delivery will not be possible, it is calculated that the maximum effort in any one day will not exceed:--

USSTAF	-	440 Heavy Bomber Sorties.
RAF Bomber Command	-	320 Heavy Bomber Sorties.
(For details of aircraft and loading, see paras. 11 -- 13 and 24 below).

7. The duration of this commitment will, of course, depend upon the conditions under which "ECLIPSE" is implemented, but it is considered that, in general, it should be completed within 14 days.

CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH ALLIED P.W. ARE HELD IN GERMANY

8. A proportion of P.W. including all BRITISH and UNITED STATES Officers and aircrews, are confined in wired camps under strict guard. The great majority, however, are held in working camps in which they are confined by night only, going out each day to work. While BRITISH and UNITED STATES personnel in working camps are generally closely guarded, the status of many P.W. of other nationalities approximates more closely to that of displaced persons. The number of P.W. in any one camp varies from less than 100 in small working camps, or component camps of working camps, to over 30,000. It is known that the standard of rations is low, and it is believed that, but for Red Cross parcels, the death rate from starvation would be high.

9. P.W. camps are generally dispersed throughout GERMANY, and are not concentrated in any one district, many camps are located in thinly populated areas. It is unusual for a P.W. camp to be situated close to airfields, and the majority are from 10 to 30 miles distant from the nearest airfield.

10. Recent RUSSIAN advances have caused large movements of P.W., which have been moved from East to West; the majority of these movements having been made on foot. It is probable that such movements will be intensified as the Allied forces advance still further into GERMANY in the latter stages before "ECLIPSE". When collapse occurs, therefore, we must expect to find that many large last minute changes have been made in the distribution of P.W. Moreover, there are likely to be considerable numbers of P.W. not located in any camp, since they will be in transit from one camp to another when the collapse occurs.

GENERAL METHOD OF SUPPLY

11. From the above, it will be seen that the vast majority of Allied P.W. are detained in camps which may be many miles distant from the nearest airfields. Moreover, our P.W. are likely to be most in need of assistance in the period between 'A' Day "ECLIPSE" and the over-running of their, camps by our advancing armies. During this period, the necessary airfields for "air landed" supply operations could be obtained only by airborne operations, on a very large scale for which resources are not available. Further, even if airfields could be secured in this way. it would be generally impracticable to introduce sufficient transport to convey the supplies from the captured airfields to the P.W. camps or places where P.W. have collected.

12. Accordingly, it is intended that, initially, food and medical supplies for P.W. camps shall be dropped from the air directly onto the camps, or their immediate vicinities. Owing to their range and suitability for dropping operations, the heavy bomber aircraft of USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command made available for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift Operations (see "ECLIPSE" Memorandum No. 4, para. 8), will be employed on this task whenever practicable. Later, as the P.W. camps are over-run, but before the ground L. of C. is adequate to maintain the P.W., supplies may be air landed on adjacent airfields for distribution by Allied Ground Forces. Such air landing of supplies will, however, be dealt with as for normal air resupply of Ground Forces, vide SHAEF Operational Memorandum No. 29 and SHAEF Administrative Memorandum No. 18; this aspect is not covered by this paper; the supplies will be provided from Army Group resources.

13. When employed on dropping supplies to P.W. the heavy bomber aircraft of USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command will operate from their normal airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM, to which supplies for P.W. will be distributed by War Office and Com Z (UK Base) (in conjunction with USSTAF). Supplies will be loaded into aircraft under arrangements to be made by USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command. Owing to the scope of the operations, it is the intention that the majority of supplies, other than medical supplies, will be free-dropped, as this method will permit aircraft to carry larger loads. Medical supplies will be packed in containers and dropped by parachute.

INTELLIGENCE ON P.W. CAMPS

14. Intelligence for air lift operations in aid of P.W. in GERMANY is being collected by SHAEF (A-2 Division) and will be collated, published and distributed to all concerned by Air Ministry. This Intelligence will be in the form of. "Target" data, and as far as possible, these "Target Sheets" will contain the following information; it must be remembered, however, that detailed intelligence of certain aspects of P.W. camps is very difficult to obtain:--

1. Locations of P.W. camps with number of P.W. by Nationality, and, in the case of UNITED STATES and BRITISH P.W., by Service if possible.

2. A small scale air photograph of each camp and its surroundings.

3. A large scale air photograph of each camp, annotated to show detailed layout.

4. Information on local terrain with particular reference to suitability for airborne operations.

5. Locations of airfields in the vicinity of P.W. camps, and normal airfield data relating thereto.

6. A small scale air photograph of each airfield and its surroundings.

7. A large scale air photograph of each airfield annotated to show detailed layout.

8. Information on road and other communications between P.W. camps and airfields.

9. Such information as can be obtained relating to:--

   1. Camp Guards and Defences.

   2. Flak and other defences in the neighbourhood of camps and adjacent airfields.

   3. Local Military and para-military formations.

   4. Information on the local population, including food situation and probable attitude to P.W.

15. This intelligence will be distributed to ECLIPSE GATOR Echelons, Tactical Air Forces and Air Agencies concerned.

16. The above information will constitute the basic intelligence for "ECLIPSE" Air Lift operations for feeding P.W., and will form a basis for calculating the supplies required by any camp in need, and for selection of Dropping Zones. It must be appreciated, however, that large changes in the distribution and situation of P.W. are likely to take place immediately before and after 'A' Day "ECLIPSE". When "ECLIPSE" is implemented, therefore, the following action will be undertaken to ascertain the current position in regard to P.W.:--

19. This last method falls within the arrangements made for normal air resupply of Ground Forces, the procedure for which is set out in SHAEF Operations Memorandum No. 29 and Administrative Memorandum No.18. Air Lift for this purpose will be controlled by ECLIPSE GATOR who will allot such tasks to USSTAF, PAF Bomber Command or Troop Carrier formations, after consideration of all the factors concerned.

PROVISION, PACKING AND LOADING OP RATIONS

20. Provision

At present, 17,000,000 rations are available comprised as follows:--

11,000,000 War Office Bulk Rations -- Weight 1.9116 lbs. per man ration.
3,000,000 ETOUSA 10 in 1 Rations -- Weight approximately 4.5 lbs. per man ration.
3,000,000 ETOUSA K Rations -- Weight approximately 3.5 lbs. per man ration. (Supplemented by 1,000,000 'D' Rations -- Weight approximately 1 lb. per man ration).

21.The estimated total commitments against this reserve are:--

Allied P.W. in SHAEF Sphere of GERMANY	-	9,500,000	Rations
Relief of Foreign Workers in GERMANY (included in scheme for feeding P.W.)	-	2,000,000	Rations
Relief of HOLLAND (subject to replacement).	-	3,000,000	Rations
Total:		14,500,000	Rations

22. All the above rations are packaged for free-dropping and are held in a common pool for use as required. It is the intention, however, that as far as possible, ETOUSA rations will be dropped from USSTAF aircraft only, the larger number of War Office Rations being available for dropping by either USSTAF or RAF Bomber Command as required. Supplies for air landing will normally be drawn from Army Group resources.

23. Type of Rations and Method of Packing

1. War Office Rations

   Those consist of bulk rations comprising such foodstuffs as sugar, flour, salt, tea, dried eggs, dried milk, etc., packed loose in 11 oz. sacks, which, for free-dropping, are themselves contained inside another 11 oz. sack.

2. ETOUSA Rations

   These consist of standard US 10 in 1 and K Rations (supplemented by D Rations). Rations are packed in 45 lb. cases for free-dropping.

24. Method of Stowing in aircraft and dropping

1. War Office Bulk Rations

   1. Lancaster. Rations arc packed into Mark VA small bomb containers and are also stowed on the ellipses of the bomb bay doors and on improvised slats placed across the bomb bay doors. Trials, which are proceeding, have shown that up to 6,270 lbs. of rations, can be carried thus on the bomb bay doors and in the small bomb containers. Dropping tests have resulted in a dispersal of 175-yards by 25 yards of the rations carried on the bomb bay doors, and a closer pattern from the contents of the small bomb containers released in salvo.

2. B.17 and B.24 Aircraft. 4,000 lbs. of rations are stowed inside the bomb bays on hinged floors which, when released, have given a concentrated pattern within 200 square yards. The floors can be reloaded in flight and by this means it should be possible to deliver up to 5,600 lbs. of rations on each aircraft sortie. 90 to 95% recovery can be anticipated from War Office bulk rations free-dropped in this way.
2. ETOUSA Rations

   1. Lancaster. It is not intended to drop ETOUSA rations from Lancaster aircraft.

   2. B.17 and B.24 Aircraft. 5.600 lbs. of 10 in 1 and K rations can be free-dropped using the hinged floors referred to in para. (a) (ii) above. The average recovery rate is 90%.

3. Medical Supplies

   Medical supplies will be packed in containers/panniers and dropped by parachute. The containers and their parachutes will bo attached to the bomb racks in the normal way.

METHOD OF OPERATION

Bidding and Allocation of Tasks

25. All intelligence regarding Allied P.W. will be routed through SHAEF and made available to ECLIPSE GATOR Forward as it becomes available. This intelligence will include the reports of Jedburgh Teams. ( 'VICARAGE' Force) and of air reconnaissance carried out by Tactical Air Forces. All this information will be considered by ECLIPSE GATOR Forward who will allocate air lift tasks for dropping supplies accordingly. Detailed arrangements for the execution of these tasks will be co-ordinated by ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK).

26. In addition, Array Groups may formulate bids for dropping or air landing supplies to Allied P.W. uncovered in their own areas. In consultation with their associated Tactical Air Force, and Com Zone as appropriate, Army Groups will submit such bids to ECLIPSE GATOR according to the procedure laid down in SHAEF Operational Memorandum No. 29 and Administrative Memorandum No. 18.

27. Allocations of tasks for dropping supplies will be received by USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command who, in consultation with ECLIPSE CATOR Rear (UK) will arrange for the detailed allocation of aircraft to particular air supply missions. ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK) will co-ordinate the movement of supplies to despatching airfields. Should circumstances necessitate any policy change of programme, ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK) will refer the matter for decision to ECLIPSE GATOR Forward.

Movement of Supplies to Airfields

28. Owing to the need for flexibility and the lack of suitable accommodation at airfields, it will not be possible for appreciable stocks of supplies to be held in readiness at airfields during the operation, or for airfields to be prestocked in advance of "ECLIPSE". In order, therefore, to provide an adequate and timely flow of supplies to airfields, the following action will be taken:--

1. ETOUSA Rations

   As it is intended that these rations should be dropped from USSTAF aircraft only, Com Z (UK Base) is arranging to transfer their stocks of ETOUSA rations to US Army Air Forces Depots in the UK as designated bry USSTAF. The rations will then be transferred to airfields under USSTAF arrangements as and when required.

2. War Office Rations

   It is intended that these rations, which are at present held by War Office, should he equally available for use by both USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command. War Office is, therefore, investigating the possibility of distributing their stocks to depots throughout the UK which have convenient access to USSTAF and RAF Bomb or Command airfields. These airfields are being designated to War Office by RAF Bomber Command and USSTAF. When the rations are required they will be moved to the airfields by War Office. This movement should be completed within 12 hours of instructions reaching the War Office.

3. Medical Supplies

   War Office and Com Z (UK Base) are arranging to distribute suitable quantities of appropriate medical supplies in a similar manner to that outlined in sub-paras. (a) and (b) above

4. Final Movement to Airfields

   Under the general co-ordination of ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK) supplies will be moved to airfields by the appropriate agencies as and when required. ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK) will be responsible for initiating this movement in time for initial commitments to be implemented as soon as '"ECLIPSE" conditions occur.

Loading

29. Loading into aircraft of supplies for dropping to P.W. will be carried out by USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command as appropriate.

Delivery of Supplies

30. USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command will free-drop or parachute the supplies to the required localities as prescribed by ECLIPSE GATOR.

Abortive Sorties

31. In order to provide for the needs of aircraft returning from abortive sorties, and who cannot land safely without jettisoning their loads, jettison areas will be laid down by ECLIPSE GATOR in consultation with all concerned.

Reports on Air Lift Operations

32. USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command will inform ECLIPSE GATOR of the result and progress of their operations.

RESPONSIBILITIES

33. The responsibilities of the various agencies is as set out in Appendix 'B'.

ANNEXURE I to
APPENDIX 'E' to
"ECLIPSE" MEMORANDUM NO. 4
OUTLINE AIR LIFT PLAN
SH AIR/TS 959/AIR PLANS

IMPROVISED GROUND STRIP CODE FOR USE BY ALLIED P.W.

Single Strip	--	All's Well.
Parallel Strips	--	Camp in Danger.
Cross	--	Medical Supplies urgently required.
'L'	--	Starving.
Aircraft will acknowledge with a coloured pyrotechnic signal.

P.W. have been instructed that strips should not be less than twelve feet by two feet, and that one of the above signals should be permanently displaced in an exposed position away from buildings or shadows; also that an improvised pyrotechnic or smoke signal will assist in attracting attention of recce pilots.

APPENDIX 'F' to
"ECLIPSE" MEMORANDUM NO.4
OUTLINE AIR LIFT PLAN
SH AIR/TS 959/AIR PLANS

AIR LIFT PLANS FOR AIR EVACUATION OF
ALLIED PRISONERS OF WAR

OBJECT

1. To use air lift to expedite the evacuation of Allied P.W. from the SHAEF sphere of GERMANY, and subject to agreement by the RUSSIANS, of UNITED STATES and BRITISH P.W. from the RUSSIAN sphere.

2. It is intended, however, that air evacuation should supplement rather than supplant other methods of moving P.W. out of GERMANY.

3. Allied Force Headquarters, MEDITERRANEAN are making similar plans for the air evacuation of Allied P.W. in AUSTRIA and it is possible that they may call upon SHAEF for assistance in carrying out their task. Such requests will be given equal priority with tasks to evacuate Allied P.W. from the SHAEF sphere. AFHQ will render similar assistance to SHAEF so far as their resources permit.

NUMBERS AND DISTRIBUTION OF ALLIED P.W. IN GERMANY

4. The number and distribution of Allied P.W. in GERMANY are currently as follows:--

	SHAEF Sphere	SOVIET Sphere	AUSTRIA
BRITISH COMMONWEALTH	105,000	80,000	14,700
UNITED STATES	29,000	44,000	4,400
FRENCH	360,000
SOVIET	400,000
Other Allied Nationals	200,000
TOTAL:	1,054.000

5. P.W. camps are generally dispersed throughout GERMANY, and are not concentrated in any one district. Many camps are located in thinly populated areas; it is unusual for a P.W. camp to be situated close to airfields, and the majority are from 10 to 50 miles distant from the nearest airfield.

6. Recent RUSSIAN advances have caused large movements of P.W., which have been moved from East to West; the majority of these movements having been made on foot. It is probable that such movements will be intensified as the Allied Forces advance still further into GERMANY in the latter stages before "ECLIPSE". When collapse occurs, therefore, we must expect to find that many large last minute changes have been made in the distribution of P.W. Moreover, there are likely to be considerable numbers of P. W. not located in any camp, since they will have been in transit from one camp area to another when the collapeb occurred. As many P.W. are mixed with foreign workers and other displaced persons, it will be necessary to sort them before they can be evacuated.

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

7. From the above, it will be seen that the vast majority of Allied. P.W. are detained in camps, which may be many miles distant from the nearest airfield. It will not be possible therefore for air evacuation of P.W. to begin until the camp areas have been over-run by our Ground Forces, and sufficient transport and administrative facilities have been provided for the movement of P.W. from the camps or other localities, to the airfields concerned.

8. In addition, it will be practical to evacuate by air only those nationalities of P.W. for whom reception facilities are available outside GERMANY. Such facilities are being prepared in the UNITED KINGDOM for the reception of BRITISH COMONWEALTH P.W. and in the UNITED KINGDOM and FRANCE for UNITED STATES P.W.; and it is possible that the FRENCH Government may make similar provision for a limited number of FRENCH P.W. P.W. of Nationalities for whom no reception facilities are available outside GERMANY will be retained in GERMANY until their own countries are ready to receive them. This, of course, does not preclude the possibility of ad hoc arrangements being made to evacuate these P.W. by air, should this be necessary for operational reasons.

9. The present plan is, therefore, concerned only with the air evacuation of UNITED STATES and BRITISH P.W., though the arrangements described therein may be extended to other Nationals later, so far as our resources and operational requirements permit.

AIRCRAFT TO BE USED

10. In. the early stages of "ECLIPSE" when Allied Forces first over-run GERMANY, there are unlikely to be adequate facilities, or stocks of petrol, at forward airfields in the REICH, for large scale refuelling of aircraft. It is, therefore, desirable that the aircraft employed on evacuating P.W. should be able to fly to selected airfields in GERMANY and thence to the UNITED KINGDOM or FRANCE without refueling.

11. For this reason, it is the intention to employ the heavy bomber aircraft of USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command on this task whenever possible. Owing to their range, these aircraft will, in general, be able to operate from their normal bases in the UNITED KINGDOM without using intermediate staging airfields or more than emergency refueling facilities at the evacuation airfields in GERMANY, thus greatly simplifying the operation.

12. These aircraft, however, require large airfields for their operation, their normal maximum requirement being hard runways of not less than 5.000 feet, though a take-off run of 4.500 feet may be acceptable in certain circumstances. However, this would be subject to determination by the authorities vested with operational control of the aircraft concerned. As the majority of airfields in GERMANY do not meet these requirements, it will be necessary to supplement the operations of USSTAF and RAF Bomber Command by the use of Troop Carrier Aircraft (c.47). The airfield requirements for those latter aircraft are such that they should be able to operate from most of the airfields likely to be available, but owing to their range, they will generally require refueling facilities either on the spot or intermediately between GERMANY and the UNITED KINGDOM or FRANCE.

CAPACITY OF AIRCRAFT

13. The capacity of the aircraft to be used for evacuating P.W. is as

Lancaster	--	25 men
Halifax	--	20 men
B.17	--	40 men
B.24	--	32 men
C.47	--	28 men

INTELLIGENCE

14. SHAEF (A-2 Division) is collecting Intelligence on P.W. camps in GERMANY, with special reference to Airborne operations, the dropping of food supplies, and the air evacuation of P.W. (For further details see Appendix 'E'). This Intelligence, which will be collated and published by Air Ministry, and issued to all concerned will form the basic Intelligence for air evacuation operations; it will be supplemented by air and ground reconnaissance when "ECLIPSE" occurs.

ORGANISATION IN SHAEF SPHERE OF GERMANY FOR EVACUATION OF ALLIED P.W.

15. In the SHAEF sphere of GERMANY, Army Groups will be responsible for administering all Allied P.W. from the time these are uncovered by our advancing forces until they are evacuated by air or other means. The administrative services required of Army Groups will include transportation of P.W. to airfields of embarkation, accommodation, medical services and security control. In carrying out those tasks Army Groups will be assisted by SHAEF PWX Officers.

16. Army Groups will then hand over to the Air Agencies operating aircraft those P.W. which are to be evacuated by air. In this respect, the responsibility of these Air Agencies will be limited to transporting P.W. designated to them by Army Groups from GERMANY to selected airfields in the UK or FRANCE, as appropriate. Those Air Agencies, in conjunction with the appropriate tactical Air Force, will provide all necessary facilities for the operation of their aircraft for this purpose, including the reconnaissance of forward airfields and the establishment of forward control and servicing parties as requisite. It is the intention that on any one airfield in GERMANY there will be only one Air Agency engaged in evacuating P.W. As far as possible, airfields will be allocated exclusively for this purpose.

17. As far as possible each aircraft load despatched from GERMANY will consist of P.W. of one Nationality and category only. Separate arrangements will be made for sick and wounded P.W., see para. 30 below.

18. Similar arrangements to those outlined in paras.15, 16, and 17 above are being made by AFHQ in respect of AUSTRIA, should ECLIPSE GATOR resources be called upon to assist in the evacuation of P.W. from that area.

RECEPTION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND FRANCE

Reception Camps

19. Camps are being organised to receive and process P.W. arriving from GERMANY. For BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. those camps are located in the UK, but owing to shortage of accommodation. they arc necessarily dispersed throughout the country; the majority being in the South of ENGLAND. Similar camps for UNITED STATES P.W. are being arranged in the South of ENGLAND and in North-Eastern FRANCE. Camps for the reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. are intended for one category of P.W. only, e.g. RAF BRITISH Army, AUSTRALIANS, etc. Camps for the reception of UNITED STATES P.W. will be organised on a common basis, and UNITED STATES P.W. will not be divided according to Service. It is the intention to land P.W. at airfields convenient for access to the camps catering for the category of nationality of the P.W. carried in the aircraft.

Airfields of Landing

20. In the UK

Suitable airfields on which BRITISH COMMONWEALTH and UNITED STATES ex-P.W. are to be landed in the UK are being selected by Air Ministry and USSTAF in conjunction with War Office and Com Zone (UK Base).

21. In FRANCE

Suitable airfields on which UNITED STATES ex-P.W. are to be landed in FRANCE are being selected by USSTAF in conjunction with Com. Zone.

Reception Arrangements at Airfields

22. Airfields for the Reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W.

At airfields for the reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W., Air ministry or Com. Zone UK Base (in conjunction with USSTAF) as appropriate, will make all necessary arrangements to receive and process returning P.W.,

and jointly with the War Office, despatch them by surface transport to the appropriate reception camp. The responsibility of the Air Agency transporting the P.W. will be limited to landing them on the airfields and handing them over to the appropriate reception authorities. Every endeavour will be made for the reception arrangements to be of the highest possible standard. Arrangements will include disinfestation and medical facilities.

23. Airfields in the UK for the reception of UNITED STATES P.W.

At airfields in the UK for the reception of UNTIED STATES P.W., Air Ministry or Com Zone (UK Base) (in conjunction with USSTAF) as appropriate, will make all necessary arrangements on similar lines to those made for BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W.

24. Airfields in FRANCE for the reception of UNITED STATES P.W.

At airfields in FRANCE for the reception of UNITED STATES P.W., Com Zone in conjunction with USSTAF will make all necessary arrangements as outlined above. In FRANCE, however, Com Zone wil be entirely responsible for moving evacuated P.W. from the airfields of landing to the reception camps.

25. Mutual Assistance and Flexibility

Owing to weather and other causes, it is inevitable that a number of P.W. will be landed at airfields not primarily intended for P.W. of their nationalities or category. Reception arrangements at airfields will, therefore, provide for the emergency reception of P.W. of both Nationalities and all categories. In addition there will be UNITED STATES representation at BRITISH COMMONWEALTH airfields and vice versa. For this purpose USSTAF and Com Zone (UK Base) are organising a number of mobile reception teams to be held available in the vicinity of groups of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH airfields; appropriate arrangements for the same purpose will be made by War Office and Air Ministry in respect of UNITED STATES airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM. The emergency reception of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. landed at UNITED STATES airfields on the Continent will be the responsibility of Com Zone.

26. In addition, it is probable that P.W. will be landed at airfields, both in the UNITED KINGDOM and on the Continent, which are not intended for the reception of P.W. at all. In such cases it will be the responsibility of the local airfield commander to report such instances to ECLIPSE GATOR through the usual command channels. Pending action for the disposal of such P.W., the local airfield commander will make such ad hoc arrangements for their accommodation as may be possible in the circumstances.

RATE OF EVACUATION

27. It is estimated that the maximum rate of arrival of P.W. by air in the UNITED KINGDOM and FRANCE will not exceed a peak maximum of 20,000 in any one day, divided as under:--

BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W.

A maximum of 12,000 in any one day; and 35,000 in any three day period.

UNITED STATES P.W.

In the UK. A maximum of 1,000 in any one day; and 3,000 in any three day period.

In FRANCE. A maximum of 7,000 in any one day; and 20, 000 in any three day period.

MEDICAL

General

28. Ground Force authorities despatching P.W. from GERMANY will carry out all medical screening necessary to ensure that P.W. passed to Air Agencies for evacuating are physically fit to be transported by air and that infectious cases are quarantined.

Disinfestation

29. Ground Force authorities despatching P.W. from GERMANY will ensure that disinfestation has been completed before P.W. are passed to Air Agencies for evacuation.

Sick and Wounded P.W.

30. Sick and wounded P.W. will be evacuated in accordance with existing prescribed procedure for medical evacuation of Allied Forces in the Field.

PERSONNEL RETURNS

31. Air Agencies despatching P.W. from GERMANY will maintain records of all P.W. despatched, and will give the pilot of every returning aircraft a manifest giving details of the P.W. carried in the aircraft. In these tasks they will be assisted by SHAEF PWX Officers. On arrival in the UNITED KINGDOM or FRANCE pilots will surrender their manifests to the reception authorities checking the arrival of P.W. A copy of each manifest will be retained by the despatching authority for reference if required. The method of preparing manifests will be laid down by ECLIPSE GATOR.

32. Reception authorities at airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM and FRANCE will maintain records of all P.W. received. Each day they will notify War Office and/or Com Zone (UK or FRANCE), as appropriate, of the names, category and disposal action taken in regard to the P.W. received during the past 24 hours.

SECURITY

33. All agencies releasing P.W. for air lift will be responsible for making adequate arrangements to ensure that all P.W. so released have been cleared by security.

34. Air Agencies transporting P.W. will be responsible for making adequate arrangements to ensure that only P.W. released for air lift are carried in their aircraft.

35. Authorities controlling reception airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM, or FRANCE, will be responsible for making adequate arrangements to ensure the early detection and apprehension of stowaways or unauthorised persons landed on their airfields.

Bidding, and Allocation of Tasks

36. Army Groups in conjunction with their associated Tactical Air Forces, will formulate bids for the air evacuation of Allied. P.W. in their areas. All these bids will be submitted to ECLIPSE GATOR according to the procedure laid down in SHAEF Operational Memorandum No. 29 and Administrative memorandum No. 18.

37. These bids will be co-ordinated by PWX representatives and submitted for consideration at ECLIPSE GATOR which will decide the priorities and allocate air lift tasks to USSTAF, RAF Bomber Command and/or Troop Carrier Formations. ECLIPSE GATOR will arrange with Air Staff SHAEF for the allocation of airfields in GERMANY from which air evacuation will take place.

38. These decisions will he transmitted by ECLIPSE GATOR to all concerned.

Organisation for the Despatch of P.W. from GERMANY

39. Air Organisation

The Air Agency, in conjunction with the appropriate Tactical Air Forces selected will take the necessary steps to organise the purely flying side of despatch of P.W. from GERMANY. This will include reconnaissance of airfields, and provision of all necessary facilities for the operation of their aircraft therefrom, including flying controls

40. Ground Organisation

Army Croups will arrange for the transportation of P.W. from camps to selected airfields, and for all administrative services up to the moment of embarkation in aircraft.

Evacuation of P.W.

41. P.W. will then be moved to evacuation airfields, embarked in aircraft, and transported to the appropriate airfields in the UNITED KINGDOM or FRANCE. This operation will be co-ordinated by ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK or Continent as appropriate) who will advise air agencies of the reception airfields to be used, having regard to the current situation in reception camps, and who will warn receiving agencies of the approximate numbers and category of P.W. to be expected at various airfields.

Reception of P.W.

42. The Air Agencies will land. P.W, on the designated reception airfields where they will hand them over to the reception agencies, who will distribute the P.W. to reception camps as quickly as possible. The movement of P.W. from airfields to reception camps will be co-ordinated by ECLIPSE GATOR Rear (UK or Continent as appropriate) in conjunction with the Agencies concerned.

RESPONSIBILITIES

43. The responsibilities of the various agencies concerned are as set out in Appendix 'B'.

AIR EVACUATION OF P.W. FROM THE SOVIET SPHERE

44. The USSR is being approached with a view to obtaining their agreement to extend the arrangements described in this paper to cover UNITED STATES and BRITISH COMMONWEALTH P.W. in the SOVIET sphere. Details of the plan for air evacuation of P.W. from the SOVIET sphere will be promulgated as soon as the necessary arrangements have been made with the USSR.

45. It is possible, however, that a proportion of BRITISH COMMONWEALTH and UNITED STATES P.W. in the SOVIET sphere will be evacuated via the International Zone of BERLIN, in which case the arrangements described in this Appendix will apply; the BERLIN District Command and Air Command BERLIN District undertaking the responsibilities allotted to Army Groups and Tactical Air Forces.

APPENDIX 'G' to
"ECLIPSE" MEMORANDUM NO.4
OUTLINE AIR LIFT PLAN
SH AIR/TS 959/AIR PLANS

MOVEMENT OF SPECIALIST PERSONNEL

OBJECT

1. To outline the procedure to be adopted by formations desiring to use air lift for movement of Specialist personnel into GERMANY.

SCOPE

2. This Appendix covers all Specialist personnel who are required to be moved into GERMANY to accomplish the tasks outlined in the "ECLIPSE" Plan, para. 42, and is intended to cover their movement and administration until such time as these are resumed through normal channels.

BIDS

3. Bids will be submitted according to the procedure laid down in para. 17 of this Memorandum.

PREPARATION FOR MOVEMENT

Feeding

4. All personnel are to carry three days rations to be drawn through the formation-sponsoring their movement.

Personal Equipment

5. The scale of personal equipment to be taken, and the overall weight of personal baggage, exclusive of rations, arms and ammunition will be limited to 100 lbs. per person.

Specialist and Other Equipment

5. Only essential items of specialist and other equipment are to be taken by air, and all items are to be capable of being manhandled.

Packing

7. All items to be taken by air are to be securely packed, and packing material used is to be as light as possible to keep the total weight to a minimum.

Marking of Equipment

8. All packages of equipment are to be prominently marked as follows:--

1. Personal Baggage -- with the individual's name, number and unit Serial number.

2. Other Equipment -- with unit designation, all packages being numbered consecutively.

Medical Arrangements

9. The medical arrangements as now laid down for Allied Expeditionary Force personnel will apply.

Currency

10. The financial arrangements as now laid down will apply.

SECURITY

11. All civilian personnel scheduled to move into GERMANY during the "ECLIPSE" phase, will be processed from a counter-intelligence angle in accordance with the established procedure for movements from the UK and Liberated Europe. This processing will be completed in advance of the movement, so as to enable personnel to be air lifted without delay.

12. The Agency operating the aircraft will be responsible for making adequate arrangements to prevent movement of unauthorised persons either into or out of GERMANY.

APPOINTMENT OF CONDUCTING OFFICERS

13. All formations and organisations bidding for air lift are to detail a Conducting Officer, who will be responsible for ensuring that all bids for his party are rendered in the correct form, and all amendments reported to ECLIPSE GATOR in accordance with the procedure laid down by ECLIPSE GATOR.

14. This officer will be responsible for maintaining nominal rolls/rosters of all personnel of his party/unit, so that they will be available as required. He will make plans to ensure that his party/unit are concentrated at the location given on the bidding forms as the location on A minus 4 (or at other points as required).

WARNING ORDER

15. A warning order for movement will be given by ECLIPSE GATOR, and maximum notice possible will be given. As soon as the warning order is given, all personnel who are required to be moved by air, are to be available for movement from their estimated location at 12 hours notice.

PHASES OF MOVEMENT

16. Movement by air will fall into three phases:--

1. First Phase

   Movement to Departure Airfield

   When the time comes for the party/unit to be air lifted, the Conducting Officer will be given instructions through normal channels for his party to move to a specific airfield. It will be the responsibility of the Conducting Officer to ensure that his party reports in accordance with those instructions, in the state of preparation prescribed in this Appendix, and at the appointed time. The Conducting Officer will be responsible for making the necessary arrangements for the movement of his party unit to the airfield, arrangements being carried out by normal movements procedure.

2. Second Phase

   Embarkation on Airfield

   Embarkation on the airfields will be the responsibility of the formation controlling the airfield. Accurate documentation (i.e. manifests, etc) will be important from a security standpoint and from other angles. To facilitate this task particular attention is called to para. 14 of this Appendix.

3. Third Phase

   From Arrival Airfield to Destination

   1. Provision of transportation in GERMANY for the movement of passengers and stores from airfields to the final destinations will be the responsibility of the local Ground Force Commander. It is to be clearly understood that transportation will be provided on a severely restricted basis, particularly in the early stages.

   2. BERLIN District Command. An advanced echelon headquarters will be responsible for introducing a transport platoon of jeeps and for commandering such transportation as can be made available for use of Specialist personnel. A limited quantity of MT fuel, for use in such transport, will be available.

ADMINISTRATION OP SPECIALIST PERSONNEL

17. The Administration, feeding, provision of POL, etc., of Specialist personnel when they arrive in GERMANY, will be undertaken by the local Ground Force Commander until such time as administration is resumed through normal channels.

SUPREME HEADQUARTERS ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE

Auth: SC, AEF Initials MER 12 February 45

AG 381-1 SIG-AGM

APO 757 (Main) 12 February 1945

SUBJECT: "ECLIPSE" Memorandum No. 6

TO : See Distribution

1. Reference is made to Operation "ECLIPSE" - Appreciation and Outline Plan, file SHAEF (44) 34 dated 10 November 1944.

2. Forwarded herewith is Memorandum No. 6 to Operation "ECLIPSE" (SHAEF/521l/1/Sigs, dated 10 February 1945).

3. This supersedes the Memorandum No. 6 issued as an appendix to the previous plan forwarded under cover of letter SHAEF/521l/l/Sigs, dated 5 October 1944.

By direction of the Supreme Commander:

T. J. DAVIS
Brigadier General,
USA Adjutant General

2 Incls:
Incl 1 -- Distribution List
Incl 2 -- "ECLIPSE" Memo No. 6

ECLIPSE MEMORANDUM NO. 6
DISTRIBUTION LIST

	Copy Nos.
Allied Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force,	1-5 427-446
Commanding General, Sixth Army Group,	6-20 493-498
Commanding General, Twelfth Army Group,	21-40 482-486
Commander-in-Chief, 21st Army Group,	41-65
Commanding General, First Allied Airborne Army,	66-71
Commanding General, Communications Zone, ETQ,	72-96
Commanding General, First Tactical Air Force (Provisional),	97-106
Air Officer Commanding, Second Tactical Air-Force,	107-116
Commanding General, Ninth Air Force,	117-126
Air Officer Commanding No 38 Group, RAF,	127-128
Air Officer Commanding No 46 Group, RAF,	129-130
Commander UNITED STATES Naval Forces in EUROPE,	131-135
Commander UNITED STATES Naval Forces in FRANCE,	136-140
Commanding General, ETOUSA,	141-142
Supreme Allied Commander MEDITERRANEAN (including copies for Commander-in-Chief, Allied Armies in ITALY),	143-152
Commanding General, UNITED STATES Strategic Air Forces,	153-167
Commanding General, MEDITERRANEAN Allied Air Force,	168-169
The Secretary, The Admiralty,	170-174 454-456
Chief of Navy Operations, Navy Department WASHINGTON, DC,	175-176
The Under Secretary of State, The War Office,	177-196
Adjutant General, War Department, WASHINGTON, DC (including copies for OPD and Civil Affairs Division)	197-221
General Officer, Commanding-Chief, Scottish Command	222-223 458
The Under Secretary of State, The Air Ministry, (including copies for Air Officers Commanding-in-Chief Bomber Command, Coastal Command and Transport Command),	224-243
Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Fighter Command,	244-253
Combined Chiefs of Staff, WASHINGTON, DC,	254-255
Secretary, Chiefs of Staff Committee, Offices of the War Cabinet,	256-257
UNITED STATES Group Control Council (GERMANY),	258-267 463-467
Control Commission for GERMANY (British Element),	268-277 468-470
SHAEF Mission to DENMARK,	278-281
Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force:--
Supreme Commander,	282
Deputy Supreme Commander,	283
Chief of Staff,	284
Deputy Chief of Staff,	285
Deputy Chief of Staff (Air),	286
Deputy Chief of Staff (Air)(Rear),	287-291
Chief Administrative Officer,	292
Deputy Chief Air Staff ,	293
Secretary General Staff,	294-295
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-1,	296-300
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2,	301-325
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3,	326-345
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-4,	346-365 475-476
Assistant Chief of Staff, G-5,	366-380 477-481
Assistant Chief of Staff, A-2,	381-382
Assistant Chief of Staff, A-3,	383-384
Assistant Chief of Staff, A-4,	385-388
Allied Naval Expeditionary Force (SHAEF),	389-391
Adjutant General,	392-394
Chief, Engineer Division,	395-398
Chief, Air Defense Division,	399-401
Chief, Signal Division,	402-410
Chief, Air Signal. Division ,	411-412
Chief, Psychological Warfare Division,	413-418
Chief, Public Relations Division,	419-420
Chief, Medical Division,	421
Political Officer, British,	422
Political Officer, US,	423
War Diary,	424-426

French Military Mission for GERMAN Affairs (through SHAEF Mission FRANCE),	487-492
Commanding General, Fifteenth Army,	447-452
Commanding General, Southern Line of Communications,	453
Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Bomber Command (Advance) (c/o Air Staff, Supreme Headquarters, AEF),	457
Special Force Headquarters ,	459
OSS (c/o G-3 Division, Supreme Headquarters, AEF),	460-461
Special Operations Executive,	462
Allied Commission (AUSTRIA) (Air Force Division),	471
SHAEF Mission (FRANCE),	472
SHAEF Mission (HOLLAND),	473
SHAEF Mission (BELGIUM)	474

APPENDIX to
SHAEF (44) 34
10 November 1944

	SUPREME HEADQUARTERS ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE Signal Division
SHAEF/5211/1/Sig		10 February 1945

OPERATION 'ECLIPSE' MEMORANDUM NO. 6.

SIGNAL COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR

GENERAL SIGNAL COMMUNICATION RESPONSIBILITIES

SUPREME COMMANDER AEF

1. Combined Signal arrangements affecting all Forces will be coordinated and promulgated by the Supreme Commander AEF.

2. The Supreme Commander AEF is responsible for the coordination of all Supreme Headquarters, AEF, Special Orders to the GERMAN High Command relating to all GERMAN Telecommunications. A copy of these Orders is included in 'ECLIPSE' Memorandum No. 1 and in Supreme Headquarters AEF 'ECLIPSE' Signal Instruction.

3. The Supreme Commander AEF is responsible for arranging all direct communication channels between his Headquarters and those of subordinate commanders, and with Supreme Headquarters AEF Military Missions.

GROUND FORCES

4. Commanders Groups of Armies and/or Forces, assisted in the case of US areas by the Communication. Zone, will be responsible for providing all signal communications within their respective areas of responsibility, including those required for their lines of communication for the Ground and Naval Forces, as well as the long distance land line communications for the Air Forces as outlined in Supreme Headquarters AEF 'ECLIPSE' Signal Instruction.

5. The responsibilities for the Signal Communications of the CG U.S. Communication Zone are detailed in the Supreme Headquarters AEF 'ECLIPSE' Signal Instruction.

AIR FORCES

6. The Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force will be responsible for:

1. Coordinating the communication requirements of the Air Forces taking part in the operation, including the air aspects of the First Allied Airborne Army.

2. Coordination of the communications requirements of R.A.F. Transport Command and Army Air Force Transport Command for their participation in the operation.

3. Coordination of the planning of the Signals Communications of the Air Disarmament Control Formations with those of the Control Commission for Germany (British element) and the U.S. Group-Control Council (Germany).

4. Air Despatch Letter Services.

7. The commanding Generals Ninth U.S.A.F., First Tactical Air Force,

(Provisional) A.O.C.-In-C. 2nd Tactical Air Force, the A.O.C.-in-C. Fighter command R.A.F. and the Commanding General First Allied Airborne Army will be responsible for the detailed planning and provision of the Signals requirements for their respective commands in collaboration where necessary with the appropriate Army and Naval Formations.

NAVAL FORCES

8. The Allied Naval Commander-in-Chief Expeditionary Force will lay down the organization affecting the Continent, including Naval W/T shore to shore communications, in consultation with the Admiralty, COMNAVEU and home Commanders-in-Chief.

9. Other Naval Commanders-in-Chief will be responsible for communications within their commands, including those required for movements and operations at sea.

10. Allocation of Headquarters Ships and Fighter Direction Tenders will be made by the Admiralty who will be advised by the Allied Naval C-in-C Expeditionary Force.

11. In order to release Naval personnel for service in other theatres, they will normally be used only for duties which cannot be performed by other forces. Army Commanders will, therefore, undertake all practicable signal commitments for Naval authorities.

OPERATIONS 'APOSTLE' NORWAY AND 'NESTEGG' CHANNEL ISLANDS

12. The Signal Plans previously prepared for 'APOSTLE' NORWAY AND 'NESTEGG' CHANNEL ISLANDS will be placed into effect in the event these Operations are phased in with Operation 'ECLIPSE'.

COORDINATION OF COMBINED AND JOINT SIGNAL COMMUNICATIONS

13. When Army, Navy or Air formations/units are assigned common missions, appropriate Signal Boards will be formed to effect necessary coordination in signal communication. The Chairman will be the Senior Signal Officer on the Board.

14. RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE PROVISION OF COMMUNICATIONS

RESPONSIBILITY FOR ARRANGING LATERAL AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS NOT ALREADY EXISTING

	From	To	Responsibility	Remarks
a.	Supreme Head- quarters AEF	Force (and latter district) Commander BERLIN	Supreme Headquarters AEF	Facilities to Force (and latter district) Commander BERLIN will serve all Supreme Headquarters AEF agencies.
b.	Supreme Head- quarters AEF	Supreme Headquarters AEF Military Mission DENMARK	Supreme Headquarters AEF
c.	Force (and latter District) BERLIN	21 Army Group	21 Army Group	For arrangement through Supreme Headquarters
d.	Force (and latter District) BERLIN	Twelfth Army Group	Twelfth Army Group

	From	To	Responsibility	Remarks
e.	BERLIN	VIENNA	Supreme Headquarters AEF and Allied Forces Headquarters
f.	BERLIN	U.K.	Supreme Headquarters AEF
g.	BERLIN	U.S.A.	Communication Zone
h.	BERLIN	BREMEN Enclave	Supreme Headquarters AEF
i.	BERLIN	Ports in British Zone	Supreme Headquarters AEF
j.	21 Army Group	Force NORWAY	21 Army Group
k.	Supreme Head- quarters AEF Military Mission DENMARK	Force NORWAY	Supreme Headquarters AEF
l.	Sixth Army Group (from Twelfth Army Group when Headquarters Sixth Army Group is with- drawn)	Force AUSTRIA	Sixth Army Group and Force AUSTRIA	For arrangement through Supreme Headquarters AEF and Allied Force Headquarters
m.	BREMEN Enclave	HANOVER Corps District HQ	21 and Twelfth Army Groups
n.	Forces in Liber- ated Countries.	Adjacent Forces in Liberated Countries	Mutual arrangement

PRESS

15. Communication facilities for Press accredited correspondents of all nations will be arranged by Commanders Groups of Armies and/of Forces for the respective areas under their command.

COMMUNICATIONS WITHIN THE INTERNATIONAL ZONE AND COMMUNICATIONS ThrOUGH AREAS CONTROLLED BY RUSSIA

16. Requirements for communications, within the International Zone and Communications through areas controlled by RUSSIA will be referred to the CSO, Supreme Headquarters AEF, for such agreements as necessary.

DISARMAMENT MOBILE UNITS

17. Communications for disarmament mobile units will be provided by the Army and Air and Naval Commanders under whom they are operating,

COMMUNICATIONS FOR ALLIED PRISONERS OF WAR

18.

1. The Special Orders to the German Government provide that existing German communications for Prisoner of War Camps will remain in operation after the surrender and that certain additional communications will be provided for these camps.

2. Irrespective of whether these provisions are carried out, it will be the responsibility of Army Groups, assisted in the case of U. S. Army Groups by

Communications zone, within their respective areas of operation, to provide the Signal Communications required by the PWX organisation.

DISPLACED PERSONS

19. The signal communications, used for controlling the movement of refugees and displaced persons must largely depend on the availability of existing civil telecommunications. The establishment of an Army system of signal communications for this purpose is beyond Army resources. Where a military organization is set to control movement, it will be the responsibility of the formations providing the troops to find the necessary communications, both within the organization employed, and to the superior headquarters concerned.

GENERAL SIGNAL POLICIES

RELATIONSHIP WITH OPERATION 'OVERLORD'

20. AS A GENERAL POLICY THE SIGNAL ORGANIZATION IN OPERATION FOR 'OVERLORD' WILL REMAIN IN FORCE FOR OPERATION 'ECLIPSE' AND' WILL BE ALTERED ONLY WHERE NECESSARY TO SATISFY THE NEEDS OF THE SPECIAL CONDITIONS OBTAINING IN OPERATION 'ECLIPSE'.

PRIMARY MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

21. During Operation 'ECLIPSE' reliance for military communications will be based on wireless, although wire systems will be exploited to the fullest extent and will be the normal means for clearing traffic loads.

SIGNAL SECURITY

22. During Operation 'ECLIPSE', the codes and ciphers prescribed for use in Operation 'OVERLORD' will be used except that the codes and ciphers normally held only at and above Divisional headquarters and corresponding Air and Naval level will not be transported by air into enemy held territory, or taken further forward than the headquarters at which they are normally held until such time as the risk of compromise through capture can be discounted.

TRANSMISSION SECURITY

23. The normal rules regarding transmission security will apply. On VHP links the security precautions to be taken on each link will be laid down by the appropriate commander after assessment of the security measures feasible and the liability of the link in question to interception.

RADIO SILENCE

24. Throughout the operation radio silence will not be imposed by the Supreme Commander AEF either at sea or on the Continent. Special instructions regarding radio silence may, however, be issued by Army Group and corresponding Air and Naval Commanders.

RADIO FREQUENCIES

25. Radio Frequency requirements will be submitted to the Supreme Commander for coordination. Commanders holding 'OVERLORD' allotments will be prepared to relinquish frequencies for new radio links to be opened after "A" Day.

26. Existing radio links which continue in operation after "A" Day will use the frequencies already allotted to them for Operation 'OVERLORD'.

RADAR

27. The Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Force will be responsible for:

1. The planning, provision, and coordination of the aircraft warning systems in the U.K. and on the Continent for the purposes of the Operation.

2. The planning, provision and coordination of the coastal radar for

surface watching purposes in the U.K. and on the Continent, for the purposes of the Operation.

NOTE: Naval and Ground Forces may introduce surface watching radar for specific tactical purposes. The employment of these radar sets will be as laid down in 'ECLIPSE' Signal Instruction.

3. Arranging with the Air Ministry for the establishment and operation in the U.K. and on the Continent of such Ground Navigational Radar Stations (Gee, G.H. and OBOE) as are required to provide Radar Navigational Aid to Naval and Air Forces operating in support of the Operation, It is not intended that this shall affect the present direct channels by which arrangements are made for developing the radar navigational requirements of the Strategic Air Forces.

4. Coordinating in consultation with the Air Ministry the operation and coding of Radar Ground Beacons used to provide navigational aid in the U.K. and on the Continent for the purposes of the Operation.

EMPLOYMENT AND CONTROL OF CIVIL AND GERMAN MILITARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS

28. A Long Lines Control organization will be established for the control of the repair and maintenance, for military purposes, of the long line wire system in GERMANY, the allocation of circuits for long lines services, the extension of long line facilities to adjacent areas and the extension of cross Channel circuits into GERMANY.

29.

1. Army Group and Force Commanders in conjunction with the appropriate Naval and Air Commanders will take over control of all Civil and GERMAN Military Telecommunications located within their respective zones.

2. The following quotation from SHAEF Military Occupation Handbook is repeated for guidance:

   "para 65. Military District Commanders in Germany will be responsible, within their districts, for the control of all GERMAN military and para-military telecommunications through the Wehrkreis organisation and of all civil telecommunications through the military Government Staff".

30. Allied telecommunication personnel for control of the OKW, OKH, OKL, OKM and REICHSPOST at the Ministerial Level will be provided by the Control Commission for GERMANY (BRITISH Element) and U.S. Group Control Council (GERMANY).

31. In the BRITISH and US zones of occupation in GERMANY Military Government PTT officers will be available to assist Army Group and Force Commanders in the control of telecommunications. In addition certain officers of the Control Commission (BRITISH Element) and US Group-Control Council (GERMANY) may also be available to Army Group and Force Commanders for this task.

32. As a general rule civil trunk circuits appropriated for Allied use will be terminated on military switchboards. All telecommunication facilities required for military purposes will be operated under Allied military supervision.

33. Army Group and Force Commanders will be responsible for providing means for the detection and location of unauthorized communication facilities in their respective spheres of responsibility.

SURRENDERED WAR MATERIAL

34.

1. A list of signal items to be handed in initially by the GERMAN Land Forces is contained in 'ECLIPSE' Memorandum No. 1 Appendix 'D, Annexure 1 and in the Supreme Headquarters AEF 'ECLIPSE' Signal Instruction.

2. The removal, concentration and guarding of signal items peculiar to the GERMAN Air Force is dealt with in 'ECLIPSE' Memorandum No. 16.

3. The surrender of signal items peculiar to GERMAN Naval Forces will be dealt with in accordance with the policy in Supreme Headquarters AEF Military Occupation Handbook, Chapter V, Part V.B.

SUPREME HEADQUARTERS AEF 'ECLIPSE' SIGNAL INSTRUCTION

35.

1. 'ECLIPSE' Signal Instruction lays down detailed signal policies applicable to the Operation under the following headings:

   General Signal Policies

   Responsibilities for Providing Communications

   Control of German Telecommunications

   W/T and R/T Communications

   VHF and UHF Radio Systems

   Landline Communication

   Cross-Channel Submarine Cable Systems

   Messenger Services

   Radio Aids to Navigation

   Radar

   Signal Security

   Codes and Ciphers

   Interception

   Procedures

   Civilian and German Military Signal Personnel

   Signal Personnel for Special Assignments

   Signal Stores and Equipment

   EFM and SCM Telegraph Services

   Communications for Press, Press Censorship and Psychological Warfare

   Broadcast Stations

   Civil Affairs

   Signal Communications for non-English-Speaking Allies

   Communications for Prisoners of War and Displaced Persons

   Disarmament and Surrendered War Material

2. 'ECLIPSE' Signal Instruction also contains the proposed diagrams showing radio and line communications to be established for Supreme Headquarters AEF and for that portion of the AEF and the Control Staffs in BERLIN. Further details of the Communication Plan for Supreme Headquarters AEF and for BERLIN will be published in Signal Orders.

3. The Naval/Signal Plan is being issued in the form of planning memoranda which will be revised as the situation changes.

4. An Outline Air Signal Plan is being issued assan Appendix to the Outline Plan.

SUPREME HEADQUARTERS
ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE
Office of Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2
MAIN HEADQUARTERS.

GBI/AOCC/387-3/1 30 January 1945

Copy No._____ Memorandum No. 7 To PS-SHAEF (44) 34

ECLIPSE MEMORANDUM NO. 7
INTELLIGENCE OCCUPATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND PLAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION I	Introduction	Page 1
SECTION II	Probable Conditions in GERMANY after Collapse and Their Intelligence Implications	Page 3
SECTION III	General Military Organization	Page 6
SECTION IV	The Immediate Seizure of Intelligence Objectives	Page 8
SECTION V	Operational Intelligence	Page 10
SECTION VI	Counter Intelligence	Page 13
SECTION VII	Allocation of Civil Censorship Responsibilities in GERMANY	Page 18
SECTION VIII (A)	Army Radio Security, Signal Intelligence and Telegraph and Telephone Security	Page 21
SECTION VIII (B)	Air Signal Intelligence and Radio Security	Page 23
SECTION IX	The Handling of Captured Enemy Documents	Page 25
SECTION X	Interrogation of Prisoners of War and Civilian Suspects	Page 30
SECTION XI	Miscellaneous Intelligence including Economic and JAPANESE Intelligence	Page 32
SECTION XII	Scientific and Technological Intelligence and the Relationship of CIOS to Supreme Headquarters, A.E.F.	Page 34
SECTION XIII	The Intelligence Organization at BERLIN	Page 36
SECTION XIV	Naval Intelligence Plan	Page 38
SECTION XV	Outline Plan for the Exploitation of Air Intelligence Objectives	Page 40
ANNEX A	Counter Intelligence Directive -- Pre-Surrender Period.
ANNEX B	List of Nazi Party Organizations.
MAP MA	Map Illustrating Military. Districts, Naval and Air Hqs, together with Wehrkreis. and Wehrersatz-Inspektion Hqs.
MAP MB	Map Illustrating Censorship Districts.

SUPREME HEADQUARTERS ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE

Auth: SC, AEF Initials: MER 5 March 1945

AG 381-1 GBI-AGM

APO 757 (Main) 5 March 1945

SUBJECT:	ECLIPSE Memorandum No. 7 -- Intelligence Occupational Requirements
TO:	See distribution

1. Attached is Change No. 1 to ECLIPSE Memorandum No. 7, reference AOCC/387-3/l, dated 30 January 1945.

2. For the information of all concerned additions or changes to ECLIPSE Memorandum No. 7 will be issued as Changes numbered in sequence.

By direction of the Supreme Commander:

/signed/
H. H. NEWMAN
Colonel, AGD
Assistant Adjutant General

1 Incl:
Change 1 to ECLIPSE
Memo No. 7

DISTRIBUTION:
(See Page 2)

'ECLIPSE' MEMORANDUM NO. 7
DISTRIBUTION LIST

	Copy Nos.
Allied Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force	1-5 427-466 499-503
Commanding General, Sixth Army Group	6-20 493-498
Commanding General, Twelfth Army Group	21-40 482-486
Commander-in-Chief, 21st Army Group	41-65
Commanding General, First Allied Airborne Army	66-71
Commanding General, Communications Zone, ETO	72-96
Commanding General, First Tactical Air Force (Provisional)	97-106
Air Officer Commanding, Second Tactical Air Force	107-116
Commanding General, Ninth Air Force	117-126
Air Officer Commanding, No 38 Group, RAF	127-128
Air Officer Commanding, No I46 Group, RAF	129-130
Commander, United States Naval Forces in Europe	131-135
Commander, United States Naval Forces in France	136-140
Commanding General, MTOUSA	141-142
Supreme Allied Commander, Mediterranean Theater (including copies for Commander-in-Chief, Allied Armies in Italy)	143-152
Commanding General, United States Strategic Air Forces	153-167
Commanding General, Mediterranean Allied Air Force	168-169
The Secretary, The Admiralty	170-174 454-456
Chief of Navy Operations, Navy Department, Washington, D.C.	175-176
The Under Secretary of State, The War Office	177-196
Adjutant General, War Department, Washington, D.C. (including copies for OPD and Civil Affairs Division)	197-221
General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Scottish Command	222-223 458
The Under Secretary of State, The Air Ministry, (Including copies for Air Officers Commanding-in-Chief, Bomber Command, Coastal Command and Transport Command)	224-243
Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Fighter Command	244-253
Combined Chiefs of Staff, Washington, D.C.	254-255
Secretary, Chiefs of Staff Committee, Offices of the War Cabinet	256-257
U.S. Group Control (Germany)	258-267 463-467
Control Commission for Germany (British Element)	268-277 468-470
Supreme Hq, AEF Mission (Denmark)	278-281
Supreme Headquarters, AEF
Supreme Commander	282
Deputy Supreme Commander	283
Chief of Staff	284
Deputy Chief of Staff	285
Deputy Chief of- Staff (Air)	286
Deputy Chief of Staff (Air) (Rear)	287-291
Chief Administrative Officer	292
Deputy Chief, Air Staff	293
Secretary General Staff	294-295

Distribution (Cont'd)

ACOS, G-1	296-300
ACOS, G-2	301-325
ACOS, G-3	326-345
ACOS, G-4	346-365 475-476
ACOS, G-5	366-380 477-481
ACOS, A-2	381-382
ACOS, A-3	383-384
ACOS, A-4	385-388
ANCXF (SHAEF)	389-391
Adjutant General	392-394
Chief, Engineer Division	395-398
Chief, Air Defense Division	399-401
Chief, Signal Division	402-410
Chief, Air Signal Division	411-412
Chief, Psychological Warfare Division	413-418
Chief, Public Relations Division	419-420
Chief, Medical Division	421
Political Officer, British	422
Political Officer, U.S.	423
War Diary, G-3	424-426
French Military Mission for German Affairs (Thru Supreme Hq, AEF, Mission (France))	487-492
Commanding General, Fifteenth Army	447-452
Commanding General, SOLOC	453
Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Bomber Command (Advance) (c/o Air Staff, Supreme Hq, AEF)	457
Special Force Headquarters	459
OSS, c/o G-3 Division, Supreme Hq, AEF	460-461
Special Operations Executive	462
Allied Commission (Austria) (Air Force Division)	471
Supreme Hq, AEF, Mission (France	472
Supreme Hq, AEF, Mission (Holland)	473
Supreme Hq, AEF, Mission (Belgium)	474
Supreme Hq, AEF,. G-2 Division (for files)	524-581

SUPREME HEADQUARTERS
ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE

ECLIPSE Memorandum No. 7 - Intelligence Occupational
Requirements and Plan.

Change No. 1. DISPOSAL OF GERMAN SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

Plans have been prepared to effect the complete disarmament and disbandment of the German forces, to destroy GERMANY's material War potential and to prevent the creation and development of a new WEhrMACHT. To this end, it is planned, among other measures, to eliminate the German General Staff. As a complementary measure, it is believed that one of the most potent safeguards against the formation of a powerful German Military machine in the future is the control of all German scientists and industrial technologists. These technical experts would play as important a part in the rebirth of the German War machine as the General Staff. They constitute, therefore, a continuing danger to United Nations security.

2. As a first step towards insuring that this potential source of danger will not be available for the .creation of a new German War machine, a working group is being organized under the direction of the Counter-Intelligence Sub-division, G-2 Division, Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force, Representatives from the Control Council/Commission will be asked to participate. This working group will perform the following functions:

1. Collect, correlate, examine and study all pertinent information on the functions and capabilities of individual German scientists: and industrial technologists, their relations to the present German War effort and their probable future activities, and prepare lists of persons to be detained.

2. Prepare recommendations regarding the eventual disposition of individuals detained, as a result of the above examinations. The intention of the recommendations will be to remove from direct contact with GERMANY or German nationals all those individuals believed to be capable of contributing substantially to the re-creation of GERMANY as a first class military power.

3. Lists will be supplied to Army Groups of German Scientists and Technologists who are to be detained pending further instructions.

4. It is considered that responsibility for this matter will rest eventually with the Tripartite Council. At the end of the Supreme Commander, AEF, period, the working group referred to above will transfer its records and recommendations to such agency as may be designated by the Control Council Commission.

ANNEX B
To 'ECLIPSE'
Memorandum No. 7

LIST OF NAZI ORGANIZATIONS DIVIDED INTO THREE CATEGORIES:

CATEGORY I

Offices and organizations which will be disbanded and cease to function at once, and in the case of whish no problem of the disarmament and disbandment of para-military formations arises. Dissolution must cover all branch offices.

CENTRAL OFFICES OF THE REICKSLEITUNG AND REICH ASSOCIATIONS.

1. Party Chancery (Partei-Kanzlei)

2. Fuhrer's Chancery (Kanzlei der Fuhrers der NSDAP)

3. Organization of Germans Abroad (Auslandsorganisation)

4. Offices in Germany ´f the National Union for German Elements Abroad (Volksbund fur das Deutschtum im Ausland)

5. Centre for "Volksdeutsche" (Volksdeutschmittelstelle)

6. Party Scrutiny Commission for the Protection of National Socialist Literature (Parteiamtliche Prufungskommission zum Schutze des NS-Schrifttums)

7. Office of the Reich Organization Leader (Reichsorganisationsleiter der NSDAP)

8. Office of the Reich Treasurer of the Party (Reichsschatzmeister der NSDAP)

9. Supreme Party Court (Oberstes Parteigericht) and subordinate courts

10. Office of the Fuhrer's Commissioner for the Supervision of the whole intellectual and ideological training and education of the Party (Beauftragte des Fuhrers fur die Uberwachung der gesamten geistigen und weltanschaulichen Schulung und Erziehung der NSDAP)

11. Office of the Propaganda Leader of the Party (Reichspropagandaleiter der NSDAP)

12. Office of the Reich Leader for the Press (Reichslelter fur die Presse) together with the publishing houses and printing works owned by the party and controlled by him.

13. Office of the Reich Press Chief of the Party (Reichspressechef der NSDAP)

14. Reich Office for the Agrarian Population (Reichsamt fur das Land-volk)

15. Head Office for Public Health (Hauptamt fur Volksgesundhelt); together with

16. Reich League of Doctors (NSD-Arztebund)

17. Head Office for Technology (Hauptamt fur Technik)

18. Party League of German Technicians (NS-Bund Deutscher Technik)

19. Head Office for Teachers (Hauptamt fur Erzieher); together with

20. Party League of Teachers (NS-Lehrerbund)

21. Head Office for Local Government (Hauptamt fur Kommunalpolitik)

22. Head Office for Officials (Hauptamt fur Beamte); together with

23. Reich League of German Officials (Reichsbund der Deutschen Beamten)

24. Office of the Party Commissioner for all Racial Questions (Beauf-tragte der NSDAP fur alle Volkstumsfragen)

25. Racial-Political Office of the Party (Rassenpolitisches Amt der NSDAP)

26. Office of Genealogical Research (Amt fur Sippenforschung)

27. Colonial Office of the Party (Xolonialpolit-isches Amt der NSDAP); together with

28. Reich Colonial League (Reichskolonialbund)

29. Foreign Office of the Party (Aussenpolitisches Amt der NSDAP)

30. Reichstag Party of the NSDAP (Reichstagsfraktion der NSDAP)

31. Reich Leadership of Women (Reichsfrauenf uhrung and the NS-Frauenschaft); together with

32. German Women's Association (Deutsches Frauenwerk)

33. Reich Student Leadership (Reichsstudentenfuhrung); together with

34. National Socialist German Students' League (NSD-Studentenbund); and

35. German Students' Association (Deutsche Studentens haft)

36. National Socialist German Lecturers Association (NSD-Dozentenbund)

37. Party League of Lawyers (NS-Rechtswahrerbund)

38. Party League of Old Students (NS-Altherrenburd del Deutschen Studenten)

39. Reich League of German Families (Reichsbund Deutsche Familie)

40. Party Association for Physical Training (NS-Reichs und fur Leibesubungen)

41. NS-Ex-Servicemen's League (NS-Keichskriegerbund)

42. Reich Chamber of Culture (Reichskulturkamimer)

43. German Local Government Union (Deutscher Geineindetag)

There are a number of pseudo-scientific Academies and Institutes of a Nazi character, and their dissolution should therefore be provided for:--

44. German Academy (Deutsche Akademie -- Munich)

45. Institute for Research into the Jewish Problem (Institut fur Judenforschung -- Frankfurt-a-M)

46. Institute for Germanism Abroad (Institut fur das Deutschtum im Ausland -- Stuttgart)

47. State Academy for Race and Health (Staatsakademie fur Rassen -- und Gesundheitspflege -- Dresden)

REGIONAL AND LOCAL OFFICES OF PARTY ADMINISTRATION

These can be disbanded at once, except for the regional and local departments administering the affairs of the organizations listed in Category III, for which special instructions will be required:--

1. The Gauleitung in each Party Gau of Reichsgau.

2. The Kreisleitung in each Party Kreis.

3. The Ortsgruppenleitung in each Party Ortsgruppe.

4. The Offices of Zellenleiter and Blockleiter.

NOTE:-- It is unlikely that there are many real offices under No. 4, but it is added to cover the seizure of any records which may be in the hands of these minor party officials.

CATEGORY II

Para-military Organizations. Dissolution includes the suppression of the central regional and local, office, and training establishments, the disbanding of the associations, and the demobilisation of para-military and police formations.

1. S.A. (Sturmabteilungen), including the SA-Wehmannschaften or pre-military training centres.

2. S.S. (Schutzstaffeln)ª including the Armed-SS (Waffen-SS) and the SD (Sicherheitsdienst).

3. NSKK (NS-Kraftfahrerkorps or Motor Corps).

4. NSFK (NS-Fliegerkorps or Flying Corps).

5. Hitler Youth (Hitler Jugend, or HJ).

6. Reich Labour Service (Reiphsarbeitsdienst, or RAD).

7. Todt Organization (OT).

CATEGORY III

Organizations which will be dissolved at once except for such of their beneficial functions as may be allowed to continue on a temporary basis.

1. Head Office for Popular Welfare (Hauptarat fur Voikswohlfahrt); together with

2. National Socialist Welfare Organization (NS-Volkswohlfahrt or NSV).

3. Winter Help Organization (Winterhilfswerk, or WHW).

4. Head Office for War Victims. (Haupiemt fur Kriegsepfer); together with

5. Society far the Care of War Victims (NS-Kriegsopfarversorgung, or NSKOV).

6. German Labour Front (Deutschearbeitsfront, or DAF).

GBI/AOCC/387-3/1
30 January 1945

SECTION I

INTRODUCTION

1. As the occupation of GERMANY proceeds, it will be necessary to commence setting up the Intelligence organization required to undertake the large additional commitments with which Intelligence staffs will be faced. The character of this Intelligence organization must depend on the form of the organization designed to control GERMANY during the period of the Supreme Commander's responsibility, and must be so constructed that it will facilitate the transition to the final layout as planned by the U.S. Group Control Council for the AMERICAN sphere and the BRITISH Control Commission for the BRITISH sphere.

2. This Memorandum is designed to define the Intelligence responsibilities involved in the occupation of GERMANY and, where appropriate, to prescribe suitable measures and policies. It must be read in conjunction with the Appreciation and Outline Plan of Operation ECLIPSE (SHAEF (UK) 34 of 10 Nov 44), and the Military Occupation Handbook.

3. The Plan of Operation ECLIPSE divides our operations into two main phases, according to the priorities of the tasks to be undertaken. These phases, which will almost certainly overlap, are:

Primary phase. An advance by our forces, conducted with the maximum speed that is consistent with security, designed to secure especially important strategic areas, including BERLIN, deep inside GERMANY, and to extend our air threat.

Secondary phase. The redistribution of our forces to establish firm control throughout the Supreme Commander's spheres of occupation in GERMANY; to carry out the disarmament and disposal of enemy forces in GERMANY aid any still remaining in occupied countries; and to adjust the dispositions of national forces to coincide ultimately with the national zones of occupation.

4. During these phases there are fourteen main tasks connected with Intelligence which it will be the responsibility of the Supreme Commander to initiate. The majority of them will be commenced simultaneously by the appropriate Intelligence staffs and they are not set out below in any order or priority.

1. The immediate seizure of Intelligence objectives.

2. The establishment of Port, Frontier and Travel Security Control.

3. The arrest and Intelligence control of:

   1. Persons whose names appear on the Black Lists.

   2. All General Staff Corps officers (and equivalent Naval and Air officers) who have not been taken into custody as prisoners of war. These will be held pending receipt of further instructions as to their disposition.

   3. Persons in certain specified positions of authority and members of certain prescribed organizations.

4. The elimination of the National Socialist Party and all its affiliates, and the prevention of their rebirth in any form.

5. The disposal of the GERMAN General Staff.

6. The destruction of the GERMAN organization for espionage, sabotage and subversive activities.

GBI/AOCC/387-3/1
30 January 1945

SECTION I (cont'd)

7. The organization for monitoring authorized telecommunications and for the detection and location of unauthorized telecommunications.

8. The establishment of an organization for. the censorship of civil communications (other than public dissemination services) in GERMANY.

9. The provision of detailed Intelligence on the organization of the GERMAN armed forces in order to facilitate demobilization and disarmament, and the checking of information supplied by the GERMANS.

10. The preservation and scrutiny of documents and archives in order to acquire maximum knowledge of GERMAN methods and organization.

11. The securing of information regarding GERMAN military, scientific and technical developments and their application both to peace and war.

12. The securing of economic Intelligence, as defined in Section XI.

13. The securing of Intelligence for the prosecution of the war against JAPAN.

14. The initiation of military Intelligence research studies as necessary.

5. In addition to the above Intelligence tasks, Counter-Intelligence personnel will render such assistance as circumstances may permit in locating and arresting war criminals, but the compilation of lists of war criminals is not the duty of Intelligence staffs.

6. In order to carry out these tasks, it will be necessary for all the Services to reorganize their Intelligence facilities and to make additional Intelligence personnel available. Plans have been drawn up to this end, and the details are contained in the various Sections of this Memorandum. The guiding principle is that, so far as is practicable; continuity in personnel, methods and channels should be observed. It is anticipated that the majority of the Intelligence staffs of Supreme Headquarters, A.E.F. and the headquarters under its command will require to be absorbed into the Control Council/Commission organization when the Supreme Commander hands over his responsibilities. It is therefore important that the Intelligence personnel who will ultimately be part of these organizations should be introduced to their eventual spheres of responsibility as early as possible, and remain there.

7. As events are developing at present, the operational stage will lead gradually into ECLIPSE condition. In such circumstances it will be necessary for Intelligence plans for 'ECLIPSE' to be put into effect, either partially or wholly during the operational stage in areas occupied behind the lines.

8. Where areas which will ultimately be in the BRITISH sphere have been initially occupied by the U.S. or FRENCH forces, BRITISH Intelligence Officers will be attached to U.S. or FRENCH units. The responsibility for all Intelligence matters will rest with the U.S. Commander, and during this period, the BRITISH Intelligence staffs will not operate in an executive capacity, unless so directed by the tactical commander concerned. The reverse procedure will operate if BRITISH forces occupy areas which will ultimately become a U.S, responsibility. It is the duty of Army Groups to make these arrangements, and Commanders should endeavour so far as possible to ensure that all arrangements made conform where practicable to the eventual layout contemplated.

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SECTION II

PROBABLE CONDITIONS IN GERMANY AFTER
COLLAPSE AND THEIR INTELLIGENCE IMPLICATIONS

9. Once the pressure of war demands has been removed, the bulk of the GERMAN population may appear apathetic under the shock of defeat. It must not, however, on that account be assumed that they will not be bitterly resentful of and hostile to the occupying powers. Their outward behaviour will probably be largely conditioned by caution and the desire to obtain food and the other necessities of life. Although it is possible that only a small percentage of the total population will be disposed actively to engage in anti-Allied activities, which in itself will present Counter Intelligence with an enormous problem, great numbers of the people are likely to be in full but passive sympathy with the active minority. It is important that we should not be deceived by this passivity and conclude that it is due to any change of heart. Ninety percent of GERMANS, even those who are professedly anti-Nazi (and there will be many) believe in the superiority of the GERMAN race and would give their whole-hearted support to a third attempt to dominate the world.

10. As far as the active resistant minority is concerned, it will be extremely difficult to identify the fanatical Party member, as he will be deliberately unobtrusive -- the more compromised may "take to the woods" -- and will probably possess the additional complication of false papers. If this small minority is effectively organized, years of Counter Intelligence watchfulness may be necessary to eradicate it. Action will require to be directed not only at its activities inside GERMANY, but also at those which it will undoubtedly seek to foster abroad outside GERMANY. Those who attempt overt action in the early days of occupation present less of a problem; they will represent the continuation of the war on a reduced scale, and Operational Intelligence will have to prolong its function until they are liquidated.

11. On the other hand, the GERMAN population may well divide itself into rival groups. Friction between these groups may result in civil disturbances in certain areas, particularly in the more politically conscious, large cities. It will therefore be one of the main functions of Intelligence to follow closely the trends of civil dissensions.

12. The rapidity with which effective control is gained over those areas not occupied by Allied Forces in the first stages will be highly important in view of the way in which sectional interests by agitation, opportunist action and probably terrorism may quickly try to take advantage of confusion. Intelligence will be a prime factor in achieving early mastery of such situations, and the importance of early seizure of Intelligence targets of all types must not be underestimated. In fact, if our action in the early stages is prompt and efficient, the subsequent resistance, whether overt or covert, will be correspondingly smaller.

13. It is considered that the SS generally are more likely to be the prime movers of continued armed resistance, whether overt or covert, than the Wehrmacht proper; though these SS elements will probably absorb many members, even units, of the army and GAF who feel no purpose in or desire to return to civil life. This form of resistance, by dramatizing its patriotism and its loyalty to its leaders might, although it is unlikely, try to make some desperate

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SECTION II (Cont'd)

last stand against overwhelming Allied odds (e.g. a final rally in defence of the FUEHRER'S Hq. or BERCHTESGADEN). It is also possible that guerilla war will continue in the BLACK FOREST area or more possibly in the BAVARIAN ALPS for example, for some time after the defeat of the main GERMAN armies. This should present no greater problems than those expected of a small localized campaign, the length of the resistance will largely depend on the supply possibilities open to the guerillas.

14. It may be said that the SS and the armed forces are inextricably fused, but it is considered highly probable that the GERMAN army will have its own plans for its future, irrespective of the upstart and ephemeral Party army. The General Staff Corps has a much stronger tradition; is adept at long-term planning, and may try for a time, by serving obvious Allied needs in GERMANY, to disarm Allied suspicions and encourage a sense of uselessness among the Armies of occupation, particularly in view of the demands of the war in the Far East. By chameleon changes, they will seek to become police, instructors of various kinds, business men, civil servants and research workers; many will be anxious to gain maximum, military experience (and incidentally expert knowledge of foreign countries and languages) in the immediate post-war years as soldiers of fortune in any current campaigns, hoping to return to GERMANY at an opportune moment. Hence the need for an unremitting check on all such persons throughout their careers.

15. The elimination of the Nazi Party and its affiliates and the prevention of their rebirth is one of our declared objectives. But in order finally to eradicate GERMAN militarism, it must also be one of our main tasks to destroy the GERMAN General Staff (and equivalent Naval and Air Staffs) root and branch, as it is this organization rather than the Nazi Party which fosters and encourages GERMANY'S military aspirations to dominate the world using as its tool whatever political or national agencies the years may throw up. Its destruction can best be accomplished by isolating its members and depriving it of its dossiers, files and records, so that it can neither study the lessons of this war nor have any sound basis on which to prepare for the next; by keeping track of its more prominent and efficient members, especially those between the ages of 25 and 35, and depriving them of all opportunities for continued military study and experience; and finally by fostering among former officers a conviction of irrevocable and final defeat and impotency in face of Allied power and exploiting all methods which will keep them from uniting on a common basis.

16. The probable existence as mentioned above of fanatical elements bent on carrying on the struggle by underground means immensely increases the dangers to be anticipated from sabotage. Already there is evidence of thorough and widespread preparations for this. A further factor in the situation is the immense knowledge and experience of sabotage technique gained by the GERMANS in their efforts to combat the ceaseless sabotage activities of the resistance groups against the GERMAN forces of occupation.

17. To compete with this, Counter Intelligence will have to keep constant watch for the agents of the GERMAN underground, search for their concealed headquarters and systems of Communications, and their hidden dumps of material; and advise upon the necessary counter sabotage measures. Communications are vital to the functioning of any underground movement. To discover and destroy the communication systems employed by agents is therefore a matter of primary Importance. The problem of defeating GERMAN underground activities and sabotage requires above all constant alertness from all formations and all combat troops, in whom must be instilled and maintained a counter sabotage

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SECTION II (Cont'd)

consciousness which can he relied upon for all emergencies.

18. Allied control of war material and disarmament is likely to be extremely complex and difficult. The unprecedented use of mines, tunnels, caves and underground workshops for war industrial purposes for example, will have resulted in a vast range of potential arms depots and factories, many of which will lend themselves to concealment. Intelligence will obviously have a most important function to perform in this connection, and will have to exert itself constantly in order to thwart the numerous and changing forms of evasion and obstructionism.

19. This Section should be read in conjunction with Chapter XIII of the Military Occupation Handbook, "GERMAN Evasion and Obstruction of the Terms of Surrender", where a number of the points touched on above are developed in greater detail.

20. In conclusion, it is of the utmost importance that when counter-measures of any kind are necessary, they should be taken with the greatest dispatch. Vigour and promptitude in our actions are the surest means of impressing the GERMAN people; and demonstrating to them that this time we "mean business".

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SECTION III

GENERAL MILITARY ORGANIZATION

21. It has been said already in Section I that the character of the Intelligence organization to be created must depend on the form of organization designed to control GERMANY. It is therefore necessary to give a brief description of the organization planned for Military Government, in order to provide a background against which the succeeding Sections can be read.

22. The general co-ordination and control of Western and Southern GERMANY is vested in the Supreme Commander, A.E.F. The boundary between the Supreme Commander's sphere of responsibility and the RUSSIAN sphere is shown on map attached at MA, which also shows the eventual boundaries between the BRITISH and AMERICAN spheres, together with the boundaries of the Military Districts. BERLIN will be a tripartite U.S./BRITISH/ RUSSIAN area.

23. In Western and Southern GERMANY it is planned that there will be six Military Districts, of which four are in the BRITISH sphere and two in the U.S. sphere. BREMEN and BREMERHAVEN will form a separate U.S. enclave. (N.B.: Map MA shows four U.S. Military Districts instead of two, and must be amended accordingly). It should be noted that the Military Districts do not conform to the Wehrkreis organization, but where a Wehrkreis has been dispersed in the course of Allied advance, a substitute Wehrkreis organization will be established to serve Allied needs and this organization will conform to the boundaries of the Allied Military Districts concerned.

24. Intelligence policy in all its aspects will be formulated by Supreme Headquarters. Army Groups will be responsible for the detailed planning of the Intelligence organization for their respective spheres, and for the initiation of all necessary Intelligence measures to implement the policy laid down. They will keep Supreme Headquarters informed of the progress made in their planning, and it will be the responsibility of Supreme Headquarters generally to co-ordinate these plans, to ensure that they proceed along similar lines, and that no divergences occur which might create a gap in the overall picture.

25. Intelligence staffs at various levels will require extra personnel to enable them to carry out the additional tasks with which they will be faced. Army Groups will be responsible for the preparation and approval of the necessary Tables of Organisation and War Establishments, and for the assembly of personnel. A certain number of officers are being recruited by Supreme Headquarters and arrangements have been made to train them in the various special occupational tasks, after which they will be at the disposal of Army Groups to assist in fillings the vacancies created. These training facilities will also be available for any officers whom Army Groups choose to nominate.

26. The existing Corps Intelligence Staff should be the nucleus around which should be built up the Military District Intelligence organization. It must be strengthened and expanded by the provision of Intelligence increments suitable for dealing with the special O.I. and C.I. tasks arising from the occupation, in addition to the ordinary Corps responsibilities. The nucleus of these staffs should be introduced into their final spheres of responsibilities at the earliest possible moment. Corps Intelligence Staffs should be so organized that, in the event of transfer of Corps Headquarters from a Military District, appropriate Intelligence echelons may be detached to provide for the smooth continuation of Intelligence activities.

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SECTION III (Con'd)

27. BERLIN will form to all intents and purposes an extra Military District under a District Commander responsible directly to Supreme Headquarters. Details of the organization and of the division of responsibilities between the District Commander's Intelligence Staff and those of the Control Council/Commission at BERLIN will be found in Section XIII.

28. The Naval and Air organization for control and disarmament is of necessity somewhat different, in order to meet their special requirements. Particulars are given in Section XIV and XV respectively.

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SECTION IV

THE IMMEDIATE SEIZURE OF INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES

29. Intelligence objectives (known herein as targets) consist of the sources from which Intelligence may be obtained. Targets may include any of the following:

1. Records and documents.

2. Persons.

3. Experimental, and Research Stations.

4. Materiel.

5. Headquarters of all kinds.

6. Ministries.

7. Industrial Plants.

8. Naval, Army and Air establishments and installations.

30. The early seizure and exploitation of targets are essential.

31. It will be the responsibility of Supreme Headquarters to furnish to Army Groups and others concerned information on targets which are of interest to the following agencies:

1. Combined Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee of the Combined Intelligence Committee (representing both U.S. and BRITISH Ministries).

2. Counter Intelligence.

3. Operational Intelligence.

4. Signal Intelligence.

5. Censorship.

6. Japanese Intelligence.

7. Naval Intelligence.

8. Air Intelligence.

9. Control Council/Commission.

Agencies other than the above will have targets which they desire to exploit. It will be the responsibility of these agencies to furnish Supreme Headquarters with the necessary information concerning these targets.

32. Army Groups will arrange to seize and guard those targets in their areas of advance, and will arrange for co-ordinating their exploitation by all interested agencies. Army Groups will remain responsible for all arrangements for guarding and exploitation of Intelligence objectives in GERMANY until the responsibility can be delegated to the Corps District Commander or other competent authority in whose area the targets are situated. When the concentration of targets in any one area so warrants, it will be the responsibility of Army Groups to create special forces, known as "T" Forces, to seize guard and exploit targets. Some of the agencies listed in paragraph 31 above have organized Intelligence assault units and teams. Army Groups on the instructions of Supreme Headquarters will co-ordinate the operations of these units within Army Group zones of responsibility.

Paragraph 33. Existing paragraph is rescinded and the following substituted:--

"Special operations are envisaged against BERLIN and KIEL. Operation against KIEL may be carried out either by airborne or ground forces, as circumstances dictate. In the case of BERLIN, "T" Force specialists will be introduced under the direction and control of the District Commander, BERLIN. The nomination of a "T" Force Commander for KIEL will be made by 21 Army Group. Supreme Headquarters will furnish additional Intelligence personnel for these operations and for ensuring that the requirements of all interested agencies are covered."

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SECTION IV (Con'd)

34. Reference should be made to Section XII for further details on CIOS, and the handling of CIOS objectives after their seizure by "T" Forces.

35. The Naval and Air responsibilities in connection with the seizure of Intelligence targets are set out in Sections XIV and XV, which deal with the Naval and Air Intelligence Plan.

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SECTION V

OPERATIONAL INTELLIGENCE

36. After the cessation of organized resistance in GERMANY, Operational Intelligence staffs at various levels will be faced with commitments considerably larger in degree than they have handled hitherto. Apart however from the circumstances in which they will be operating, there will be little change in their basic functions.

37. Whereas, at present, Supreme Headquarters has been responsible for much of the long-term research on operational Intelligence in order to free the Army Groups to deal with problems of the battle, in the later stages of ECLIPSE this will be largely altered. The Operational Intelligence staffs within Army Groups will then have to do the bulk of this work, and thus they will be confronted with a mass of information requiring analysis and evaluation for use by their own Disarmament and Disbandment staffs. The main role of Supreme Headquarters will bo to supplement this information where possible and produce the necessary Intelligence guidance on long-term policy to enable Army Groups to fulfill their tasks. For this purpose, the Operational Intelligence staffs with Army Groups will need to be strengthened and their organization readjusted.

38. Operational Intelligence will very largely be collected locally by Intelligence staffs. Their greatest sources of information will be documents, the information, volunteered or demanded from the GERMANS, and interrogation reports.

39. The information will be required for various purposes, which can be broadly set out as follows.

1. Tactical requirements.

2. Checking of information supplied by the GSHMAFS.

3. Planning requirements.

4. Military Intelligence research.

5. Technical Intelligence.

TACTICAL REQUIREMENTS

40. Responsibility for Operational Intelligence in its present form will continue though on a diminished scale commensurate with such operations as may be in progress. This may take the form of punitive expeditions against guerilla activity. It will still be necessary for O.I. staffs to brief Commanders on all aspects of tactical Intelligence, especially in the early stages of occupation, required in establishing control over the GERMAN armed forces and in taking the first steps towards their disarmament.

41. In order that Operational Intelligence staffs can properly fulfill these requirements, they will need to work in close contact with Counter Intelligence staffs, who will be following closely all matters connected with underground movements. They will also require to follow the political trends in their areas.

CHECKING OF INTELLIGENCE SUPPLIED BY THE GERMANS

41. GERMAN Commanders will be instructed on surrender to submit immediately information regarding Order of Battle, locations, strengths, equipment and stocks. It will, however, be essential that such information is subject to constant checks, both as to its veracity and its completeness, to prevent any attempts at evasion or concealment. For this reason, O.I. staffs must maintain their own Order of Battle and estimates in as much detail as possible,

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SECTION V (Con'd)

so that they may have a yardstick with which to measure the GERMAN estimates. Documents should prove invaluable in this respect.

PLANNING REQUIREMENTS

43. Operational Intelligence staffs will be required to provide the Intelligence on which the plans for the disarmament and disbandment of the GERMAN armed forces are based. This Intelligence will be largely derived from study of documents to be found locally, and information volunteered or extracted from GERMAN administrative staffs, supplemented by the results of such study and analysis as is performed at Supreme Headquarters or War Office/Dept. Work on this will probably prove the most onerous of the tasks of O.I. staffs. In certain areas, where almost all records have been destroyed, it may prove necessary to recreate such records as are required, by the use of interrogation and reference to every existing source of Intelligence records.

44. It will be necessary and advisable to initiate enquiries on:

1. How GERMANY fought the war in all its army aspects.

2. The accuracy of our own Intelligence.

3. The collation of certain long-term Intelligence, such as topography or engineer Intelligence.

The scope and requirements in this respect will be laid down by Supreme Headquarters in due course, and information must be collected on which such research studies can be based.

TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE

45. The normal tasks of Technical Intelligence will continue in the occupational period, and will be handled in accordance with Intelligence Directive No. 3. After the cessation of hostilities, there will obviously be no further open developments in GERMAN armaments; Technical Intelligence will in this respect have diminishing opportunities, but at the same time search for what technical developments have been made and are being used in secret will have to be more widespread. In addition, Technical Intelligence will be required to help in certain disarmament problems and will require to keep close touch with CIOS parties in GERMANY.

AIR RECONNAISSANCE

46. During the ECLIPSE period the need for Air Reconnaissance, both, visual and photographic, will remain. It will be devoted mainly to checking that GERMAN troop concentrations are being carried out as directed; that there is no unwarranted rail activity; and that dumps and installations are not being interfered with. Photographic interpreters will be required to continue their functions in this respect. Consideration should also be given to long-term plans for Air Reconnaissance for survey, topographical and other purposes.

RESPONSIBILITIES OR SUPREME HEADQUARTERS, A.E.F.

47.

1. Supply of Operational Intelligence to the Supreme Commander and the provision of such appreciations as are required.

2. To. supply supplementary information to Army Groups and Control Council/Commission of: Intelligence on:

   1. GEMAN army, its personnel, organization and materiel.

   2. Topography.

   3. Supply and transportation.

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SECTION V (Con'd)

3. The overall co-ordination of Military Intelligence research.

4. Liaison with Control Council/Commission and BRITISH and U.S. Service Ministries and agencies. Liaison with the RUSSIANS through the Control Council/Commission.

5. Training of personnel if required hy Army Groups.

Intelligence Officers from ANCXF will work in close co-operation with O.I. staffs at Supreme Headquarters, so that Intelligence matters which are of common interest to the two Services may he handled as hitherto on a fully co-ordinated basis.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF ARMY GROUPS

1. Establishment and organization of static O.I. staffs throughout their spheres of responsibility.

2. Necessary WE/TO action and obtaining of personnel.

3. Training of personnel.

4. Transmission to Supreme Headquarters of Intelligence as required for planning disarmament and disbandment.

BERLIN

49. The Intelligence organization at BERLIN is dealt with separately in Section XIII.

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SECTION VI

COUNTER INTELLIGENCE

50. The first few weeks after the cessation of hostilities will he a critical and difficult time for Counter Intelligence staffs, particularly those at lower formations. It is vital for the future of Counter Intelligence control in GERMANY that the initial phase of the operation be successful. To achieve this, it will he necessary for nuclei of the C.I. staffs, who are eventually to be responsible in each Military District, to be trained in their particular missions and in the particular problems of their areas, and held in readiness to be introduced at the earliest possible moment to their respective spheres.

51. Supreme Headquarters and Army Groups will have supplied to them in advance an analysis of all the background, information available, but from then on these C.I. staffs will have to deal with all the manifold problems confronting them with little more than general policy guidance from above. The raw material of Counter Intelligence will be close at hand, and C.I. staffs will have to assume the responsibility of analysing it themselves and of setting up the records they require. It is only when the situation clarifies and the first rush dies down that the work of building up an interrelated system of records and control on the basis of the information obtained during this period can be commenced.

52. A Counter Intelligence Directive for the Pre-Surrender Period has already been issued, and is attached at Annex A for reference: it sets out in detail the tasks which will confront Counter Intelligence staffs and the manner in which they will be handled in the Pre-Surrender period. After the cessation of hostilities, similar problems will have to be faced, though they will assume greater proportions, and the principles already laid down in this Directive will therefore remain operative. An enlarged organization will, however, be required.

53. A broad description of the main problems is recapitulated below, in order that their importance may be emphasized.

PORT, FRONTIER AND TRAVEL SECURITY

54. The closing of all frontiers of GERMANY, followed by establishment of security control over all traffic crossings, will be a necessary step in order to prevent the escape of wanted persons and the flow of unauthorized communications.

55. A proclamation has been prepared for issue, forbidding anyone, regardless of nationality, to cross the frontiers except by Allied authority. Any unauthorized persons attempting to make such crossings will therefore automatically be treated as suspect.

56. At sea, Naval Authorities are responsible for taking such measures as the situation permits for the prevention of illicit communication between sea and shore and illegal entry or exit by sea along the coast line, coordinating such measures with the appropriate Military Security Officer, who is responsible in the port and on shore.

57. Further instructions will be issued regarding movement between the RUSSIAN and ANGLO-AMERICAN spheres of responsibility, and also across the GERMAN-AUSTRIAN frontier, where special regulations will apply.

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SECTION VI (Con'd)

ARREST AND DETENTION

58. Personality Cards containing names of persons who may constitute a danger to Allied security have been prepared and are being supplied to Army Groups.

59. It will be the responsibility of Commanders to ensure that their Counter Intelligence staffs in the field take all measures to seek out and arrest all the persons mentioned in Appendix B to the Pre-Surrender Directive attached, together with all members of the Abwehr and Geheimefeldpolizei, as well as all General Staff Corps Officers (and equivalent Naval and Air officers) who have not been taken into custody as prisoners of war. In addition to the WAEFEN SS officers listed in Appendix B to the Pre-Surrender Directive, all WAFFEN SS N.C.O.'s down to and including the rank of SCHARFUEhrER will also be arrested. The growing tendency for members of the WAFFEN SS to be drafted into standard WEhrMACHT Divisions means that special care will have to be taken in screening disarmed GERMAN troops to ensure that officers and N.C.O.'s of the WAFFEN SS do not escape through haying shed their Identity. Arrangements for providing specialist personnel for carrying out arrests will be the responsibility of Army Groups. It may also be necessary for Commanders to provide combat troops to assist in the making of arrests, for escorts to take arrested persons to internment camps, and for prevention of escapes.

60. Internment camps, to which all apprehended persons will be sent, will be established in accordance with requirements by Commanders. The Intelligence control will be the responsibility of Intelligence staffs to be allocated for this purpose by Commanders. Arrangements will also be made by Army Groups for interrogation facilities to be provided at Internment camps as necessary. Further particulars regarding interrogation are given in Section X.

61. Lists of addresses of Gestapo Hqs, Abwehr Hqs, Party Hqs, etc. are being supplied to Army Groups, covering the towns and districts on the axis of advance. Commanders will arrange for the seizure of such premises. In the larger towns, special "T" Forces will be used, and their tasks will include arrests, seizures of headquarters, etc. In the case of smaller towns and districts along the axis of advance, it will be the responsibility of the Counter Intelligence staff to ensure that seizures of premises are carried out.

62. Where premises are seized at the request of Counter Intelligence, all persons found will be detained pending the arrival of Counter Intelligence Officers. All documents will be seized and preserved for expert examination. Any evidence of torture instruments or methods, together with names and such other particulars as can be obtained of all GERMAN personnel involved in such practices, will be carefully preserved and reports rendered to G-1 Division, Supreme Headquarters, for further action.

ELIMINATION OF THE NAZI PARTY AND PREVENTION OF ITS REBIRTH

63. The National Socialist Party and ail its affiliates will be dissolved by proclamation, which will be issued by the Supreme Commander. Lists of the various organizations of the Party are set out at Annex B. The arrest of all officials of the Party, as set out in Appendix B to the Pre-Surrender Directive, will be the first step in destroying the Party machinery. It will be the responsibility of Military Government to reorganize and supervise such portions of the GERMAN Police Force as maybe retained after its purging has been carried out in conjunction with Counter Intelligence.

64. The further steps necessary for the elimination of the National Socialist Party will be taken by Military Government in close consultation with Counter Intelligence.

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SECTION VI (Con'd)

65. It is certain that die-hard elements of the Party will go underground, and endeavour to organize for the rebirth of the National Socialist movement under some other guise. It will be the particular responsibility of Counter Intelligence staffs to seek out any indications of such a movement and to arrange for its elimination.

DISPOSAL OF THE GERMAN GENERAL STAFF

66. Attention was drawn in Section II to the importance of destroying root and branch the GERMAN General Staff, including equivalent staffs of the Luftwaffe and Oberkommandomarine. It is the responsibility of G-2 Supreme Headquarters to collect lists of all officers of the General Staff, which will be sent to Naval Commands, Army Groups and Air Staffs for co-ordinated action. All General Staff Corps officers (and equivalent Naval and Air officers) who have not been taken into custody as prisoners of war, and other officers who have adverse records, or who are on the Counter Intelligence Personality Cards or listed as War Criminals and any officer who is regarded as potentially dangerous, will be detained. These will be held under Intelligence control pending receipt of further instructions as to their disposition. Lists of officers to be detained will be supplied by Supreme Headquarters.

67. Certain GERMAN staff officers who have been detained will be required to return to their posts at the various headquarters and installations to assist in the process of disarmament and demobilization. Surveillance of these will be arranged by Counter Intelligence in consultation with other military authorities concerned.

PREVENTION OF GERMAN ESPIONAGE, SABOTAGE AND SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES

68. Normal Counter Intelligence activities against enemy espionage, sabotage and subversive activities will be continued. In occupied enemy territory vigilance must be redoubled. Troops will be constantly on the watch for suspicious actions, and they should be encouraged to report such activities to their Unit Security Officer. Active operations being over, it will be more than ever necessary to watch against subversive activities in the shape of attempts made:

1. To win sympathy for the GERMANS by complaints of the harshness of their treatment and their present conditions of want, hunger, etc.

2. To try to set Allied troops against each other by emphasizing differences of pay, or opportunities for leave, etc.

3. To win over troops to political movements.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUPREME HEADQUARTERS, A.E.F.

69. Supreme Headquarters will be responsible for the following:

1. Direction of Counter Intelligence policy in GERMANY.

2. Arrangements for the supply of all necessary Counter Intelligence information. In order to discharge this function, Supreme Headquarters will undertake the maintenance of a central Card Index of suspect personalities, and research on all subjects of Counter Intelligence interest. So far as is practicable and necessary, not less than three copies of these Personality Cards, reference books and files will be kept so that at the appropriate time, adequate records can be passed to the BRITISH Control Commission and U.S. Group Control Council, with a third set in reserve.

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SECTION VI (Con'd)

3. Policy regarding disposal of all arrested suspects.

Paragraph 69. Existing sub-paragraph (iv) is rescinded and the following substituted:

4. "General policy regarding security measures at ports, airports, coastlines and frontiers, and travel into and out of GERMANY (see Annex "A", SECTION IV). In order to ensure the necessary uniformity of procedure concerning travel into and out of the Supreme Commander's area of responsibility in GERMANY, Counter Intelligence personnel will receive, through command channels, instruction on travel security matters as issued by Supreme Headquarters, AEF, from C.I. staff of the Military Districts. The provision of tactical troops for frontier patrol purposes is not a C.I. matter, and will continue as an operational responsibility of Army Groups. See paragraph 70 (viii).

5. The setting up of a joint C.I. and O.I. organization for interrogation. For particulars of this, see Section X, "Interrogation".

6. Technical research on sabotage and advice to Army Groups concerning measures to be taken.

7. The canalizing of information from the Counter Intelligence Services in all liberated countries into a central agency. This will be controlled by Supreme Headquarters through a War Room in LONDON and will be carried out on an integrated (ANGLO-AMERICAN) basis with full representation of all interested Intelligence Services, BRITISH; and AMERICAN. Information obtained through this War Room will be sent direct to Army Groups, as well as to Supreme Headquarters.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF ARMY GROUPS

70. Army Groups will be responsible for the following:

1. Detailed planning of measures to implement the policy-laid down by Supreme Headquarters.

2. Initiation and execution of all Counter Intelligence measures in their respective spheres in conformity with the policy laid down by Supreme Headquarters.

3. Build-up and organization of Army Groups and Corps (Military District) C.I. staffs.

4. WE/TO action with War Office and ETOUSA and the obtaining of the necessary personnel.

5. Training and provision of specialist personnel to assist Counter Intelligence staffs in their task of arresting suspect persons and certain categories of GERMAN officers and officials.

6. Organisation of central registry and records systems at Army Group Hqs.

7. Interchange of information.

8. Provision of tactical Units for frontier patrol purposes.

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SECTION VI (Con'd.)

ORGANIZATION AT BERLIN

71. Counter Intelligence measures in the BRITISH and U.S. areas of the International Zone in BERLIN will be the responsibility of the District Commander. A special Counter Intelligence staff, on an integrated basis and organized on similar lines to the C.I. staff of a Military District, will form part of the staff of the District Commander BERLIN. It will be so constituted that it can split into its BRITISH and AMERICAN components on the termination of Supreme Commander's command. This staff will have the following tasks:

1. To carry out all Counter Intelligence measures deemed necessary in the Supreme Headquarters area of responsibility in BERLIN, including arrangements for all arrests and detentions.

   Paragraph 71: Existing sub-paragraph (ii) is rescinded and the following substituted:

   "To seize and exploit all Counter Intelligence objectives in the Supreme Headquarters area of responsibility in BERLIN."

72. During the Supreme Headquarters period, Counter Intelligence staffs will be assigned by the Control Council/Commission to work as separate U.S. and BRITISH entities, under the direction of Supreme Headquarters, to form the U.S. and BRITISH representation on all matters of Counter Intelligence interest and policy discussed with the RUSSIANS. In .addition, they will represent Supreme Headquarters requirements relating to Counter Intelligence to the GERMAN central administration. They will also include elements which will take care of all Counter Intelligence interests and requirements at OKW, OKH, etc. The channel for passing Intelligence to Supreme Headquarters and for receiving requests for information from Supreme Headquarters will be through the C.I. staff of the District Commander BERLIN. For all Counter Intelligence purposes, this staff will receive similar information to that given to the Army Groups. It will maintain its records in triplicate.

73. For further particulars of the Intelligence organization at BERLIN, see Section XIII.

BREMEN-BREMERHAVEN ENCLAVE

74. Counter Intelligence in the enclave will be a U.S. responsibility. The relationship between the C..I. staff working-in the enclave and the C.I. staff of Military District in which the enclave is situated will be a matter for mutual agreement between the Army Groups.

NAVY AND AIR

75. For particulars of Naval and Air Counter Intelligence staffs, see Section XIV and XV respectively. These staffs will work in close cooperation with Army C.I. staffs.

LISTS OF ARRESTED PERSONS

76. It will be necessary for a record of all persons arrested and their locations to be held centrally, so that immediate information is available to ascertain whether a suspect has already been arrested and where he is held. Plans are being prepared and further instructions defining responsibilities and procedure will be issued later.

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30 January 1945

SECTION VII

ALLOCATION OF CIVIL CENSORSHIP RESPONSIBILITIES IN GERMANY

77. Under ECLIPSE conditions it will be necessary to establish an organization for censorship of civilian communications (other than Public information services) as an Intelligence activity, based on CCS.271.

78. The experience of both the BRITISH Postal and Telegraph Censorship Department (B.P. & T.C.) and the U.S. Office of Censorship has demonstrated that effective censorship of civilian communications is dependent upon the centralization of the technical direction of, and control over, censorship activities. Operations requiring uniformity of action which can result only from centralized direction include items such as:

1. The reopening of communications Channels.

2. The routings of communications.

3. The percentage of examination to be undertaken within various categories of communications.

4. The application of watch lists.

5. The allocation of information derived from a censorship examination.

6. The detection and control of secret writing.

7. The co-ordination with civilian censorship organizations of other nations.

79. Moreover, since obviously national systems of communication channels must conform to the pattern set by the physical facilities available to transmit the messages, it follows that effective economical censorship can be exercised only at the central points created by those physical facilities. The areas served by these central communications points may, or may not, coincide with areas established for the purpose of Military Government. On the basis of a detailed survey of communication routings, it is necessary to delineate six Civil Censorship Districts in GERMANY. (See. MAP MB.)

80. The responsibilities for the establishment and operation of censorship of Civilian communications in GERMANY are assigned to Supreme Headquarters, Army Groups, to the District Commander BERLIN, and to U.S. and BRITISH elements of the Control Council/Commission, as follows:

RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUPREME HEADQUARTERS

81.

1. Establishment of Civil Censorship policy.

2. Establishment and maintenance of liaison with other Allied Censorships including those of GREAT BRITAIN, UNITED STATES, U.S.S.R, and European liberated countries.

3. The maintenance of necessary relationships on censorship matters with War Office, Air Ministry, Admiralty, War Department, Navy Department, and other governmental departments and bureaus.

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SECTION VII (Con'd)

4. Co-ordination of censorship operations of all Civil Censorship operating units within Army Group/District Commander (BERLIN) areas to ensure uniform, effective censorship.

5. Co-ordination of routings, jurisdictions and such other technical problems of censorship operations with other Allied censorships.

6. Determination of requirements of user agencies.

7. Collection and approval of watch list names submitted by governmental and military agencies above Army Group level.

8. Distribution of information derived from censorship operations.

Paragraph 81. Add to existing paragraph:

9. Publication of Civil Censorship operational requirements in serially numbered "Civil Censorship Memoranda" addressed to the A C of S, G-2 / BGS(I) of Army Groups / District Commander, BERLIN."

   [___procedure laid down by Supreme Headquarters. This will include the establishment and operation of Censorship District Stations at HAMBURG, DORTMUND, COLOGNE, FRANKFURT, STUTTGART and MUNICH, and of the out-stations necessary for travel control and the control of telephone, telegraph and wireless traffic (not including radio broadcasting and press dispatches).]

2. Collection and approval of watch list names from Army Group or lower echelons.

3. Distribution of information derived from censorship operations to Army Group and lower echelons.

4. Application for W/E necessary for operation in 21 Army Group area. This will include application for the necessary Allied technical civilian personnel. (NOTE: The T/D & A required for U.S. Forces has been authorized and application has been made for U.S. technical civilian personnel. Arrangements are under way to make personnel, equipment and supplies available as required).

5. Recruitment of indigenous or displaced persons for civilian censorship.

6. Administration of all censorship personnel, within their respective jurisdictions.

7. In areas occupied by Allied troops prior to the complete control of GERMANY, the Army Group will ensure the impounding of all mails in postal channels and the protection of the records, files and transmission tape in electrical communications centres pending instructions from the Supreme Commander.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DISTRICT COMMANDER BERLIN

83.

1. Establishment of censorship control over any radio communications in the U.S. or BRITISH areas of Greater BERLIN (excluding radio broadcasting stations).

2. Establishment and operation of civil Postal and Telegraph censorship in BERLIN, if the Supreme Commander finds it impracticable for such censorship to be undertaken at the

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30 January 1945

SECTION VII (Con'd)

District Stations operating under Army Croups. If a BERLIN station is necessary, the BRITISH personnel required will be attached from Supreme Headquarters, and U.S. personnel from the approved T/D & A for Civil Censorship in Northwest EUROPE.
3. Application for W/E necessary to carry out responsibilities in (i) above. U.S. personnel required will he furnished from the approved T/D & A for Civil Censorship in Northwest EUROPE.

84. U.S. and BRITISH elements of the Control Council/Commission will undertake such censorship responsibilities as may he delegated by the Supreme Commander.

BREMEN AND BREMERHAVEN ENCLAVE

85. Civil censorship in the U.S. enclave in BREMEN and BREMERHAVEN will be accomplished by mutual arrangement between Army Groups.

BRITISH LIAISON OFFICERS WITH U.S. FORCES

86. Where areas which will ultimately be in the BRITISH sphere have been initially occupied by U.S. Forces, BRITISH Censorship Liaison Officers will be attached to U.S. formations. The responsibility for civil censorship will rest with the U.S. Commander and during this period the BRITISH Censorship Liaison Officers will not operate in an executive capacity, unless so directed by the tactical commander concerned.

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS.TO CONTROL COUNCIL/COMMISSION

87. When the Supreme Commander hands over control to the Control Council/Commission, it is anticipated that the functions assigned to Supreme Headquarters in paragraph 81 will be assumed by the Control Council/Commission, and that responsibilities of Army Groups will remain unchanged. Decision on this will be determined when the plans of the Control Council/Commission are fully developed.

NAVAL AND AIR CENSORSHIP

88. Naval and Air censorship liaison officers will be attached to Supreme Headquarters as laid down in paragraphs 174 and 198.

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30 January 1945

SECTION VIII (A)

ARMY RADIO SECURITY AND SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE,
TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE SECURITY

RADIO SECURITY

89. Monitoring of illicit W/T networks using procedure other than that used by the Wehrmacht (e.g., Abwehr procedure or some form of amateur procedure) will be the responsibility of the Radio Security Service.

90. The location by forward D/R of illicit transmitters whose existence is established by the Radio Security Service will be carried out:

1. In the U.S. area by a Twelfth Army Group Mobile D/P Unit.

2. In the Br. area by a 21 Army Group Mobile D/R Unit.

The D/F Units above will maintain direct contact with the headquarters of the Radio Security Service in U.K., from whom they will receive their technical direction.

91. As soon as possible, the Radio Security Service will establish a station in GERMANY for monitoring traffic which is not audible in U.K.

ARMY SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE -- U.S. AREA

92. "Signal Intelligence Units will be under the operational control of the Headquarters to which they are assigned, and under the technical direction of S.I.D., European Theater of Operations, U.S. Army."

93. The functions of the Signal Intelligence Units will be as follows:

1. Interception of traffic passing on unauthorized W/T networks which use military procedure.

2. Any special tasks allotted by War Department.

3. Assisting, if requested, in the interception and location by D/F of W/T networks which are the responsibility of the Radio Security Service.

4. Monitoring, as requested, of any authorized civil, military or police W/T networks.

ARMY SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE - BRITISH AREA

94. Signal Intelligence Unit will be under the operational control and technical direction of 21 Army Group. Their functions will be as follows:

1. Interception of traffic passing on unauthorized W/T networks which use military procedure.

2. Any special tasks allotted by War Office.

3. Assisting, if requested, in the interception and location by D/F of W/T networks which are the responsibility of the Radio Security Service.

4. Monitoring, as requested, of any authorized civil, military or police W/T networks.

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30 January 1945

SECTION VIII (A) (Con'd)

CO-OPERATION OF RADIO SECURITY SERVICE AND SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE

95. For a time there may be an overlap between the work of Radio Security and that of Signal Intelligence. Underground agencies may be found using military and not Abwehr procedure. Military guerilla forces may use Abwehr or improvised amateur procedure if they have with them wireless operators from Abwehr, etc., organizations. Thus, Signal Intelligence may find itself producing C.I. information, while Radio Security may find itself producing O.I. information. The operation of the Radio Security Service, of Army Groups' Signal Intelligence organizations, and of the Air Signal Intelligence organization (see Section VIII (B)) must therefore be closely coordinated. Supreme Headquarters will be responsible for arranging the necessary co-ordination.

TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH SECURITY

96. Army Groups will be responsible within their respective areas for such monitoring of wire circuits as is required for:

1. C.I. purposes (including detection of unauthorized communications).

2. Censorship.

3. Maintenance of their own Signal Security.

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30 January 1945

SECTION VIII (B)

AIR SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE AND RADIO SECURITY

97. The monitoring of illicit radio networks is primarily the responsibility of the Radio Security Service, but for some time after the cessation of hostilities it will be difficult, if not impossible to establish clear-cut responsibilities as between Radio Security and Air Signal Intelligence.

CO-OPERATION RADIO SECURITY AND AIR SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE

98. For a period it is certain that there will be an overlap between the work of Air Signal Intelligence and Radio Security. Air Signal Intelligence may be producing Counter Intelligence information and Radio Security may produce air information. The operation of Air Signal Intelligence and Radio Security must be closely co-ordinated, together with Army Signal Intelligence. (See Section VIII (A)). Supreme Headquarters Main and Supreme Headquarters (Air) Main will be responsible for arranging the necessary close co-ordination.

AIR SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE -- U.S. AREA

99. Signal Intelligence Units will be under the operational control of IX Air Force and 1st T.A.R. (Prov.). The operational function of the Units will have ceased and they will be available for the monitoring of illicit traffic passing on W/T or R/T.

100. It is not anticipated that the enemy will employ R/T for illicit transmission, and it may be presumed that the major responsibility will be W/T monitoring. This will be undertaken by the W/T Unit under IX Air Force.

101. The functions of Signal Intelligence Units will be:

1. Interception of traffic passing on unauthorized W/T or R/T networks employing G.A.F. procedure.

2. Monitoring, as requested, of any authorized G.A.F. W/T or R/T networks.

3. Monitoring, on request, and if sets are available, of any authorized military and/or police networks.

4. Assisting, if requested, in the interception of W/T networks which are the responsibility of the Radio Security Service.

5. Any special tasks allocated by War Department.

AIR SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE -- BRITISH AREA

102. Signal Intelligence Units will be under the operational control of 2nd T.A.F. The operational function of the Units will have ceased and they will be available for the monitoring of illicit or authorized traffic passing on W/T or R/T.

103. It is not anticipated that the enemy will employ R/T for illicit transmissions and it may be presumed that the major responsibility will be W/T monitoring. This will be undertaken by the W/T Unit under 2nd T.A.F.

104. The functions of the Signal Intelligence Units will be:

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30 January 1945

SECTION VIII (B) (Con'd)

1. Interception of traffic passing on unauthorized W/T or R/T networks employing G.A.F. procedure.

2. Monitoring, as requested, of any authorized G.A.F. W/T or R/T networks.

3. Monitoring, as requested, and if sets are available, of any authorized military and/or police networks.

4. Assisting, if requested, in the interception of W/T networks which are the responsibility of the Radio Security Service.

5. Any special tasks allocated by Air Ministry.

GBI/AOCC/387-3/1
30 January 1945

SECTION IX

THE HANDLING OF CAPTURED ENEMY DOCUMENTS

THE PROBLEM OF DOCUMENTS

105. The vital importance of Intelligence obtained from captured enemy documents has at all times been realized, and directives have been issued on their seizure, exploitation end evacuation. In the ECLIPSE period the general principles of the inter-Service handling of documents hitherto in force will continue to govern the policy adopted.

106. As the occupation of GERMANY proceeds and is finally completed, documents will become available in greater quantity than ever before, and will present a whole series of new problems. Documents will be of much wider application than those found in countries previously occupied by the enemy, in that they will be essential in all aspects of Military Government both during and long after the period of Supreme Headquarters control.

107. During the operational phase, the main emphasis must be on quick sorting of documents so that those of operational importance are immediately exploited, and the information contained made available to those who require it. The problem in any area of GERMANY in which organized resistance has ceased is of an entirely different character. The continued evacuation of documents will prove impossible because of their great bulk and volume; it will be inadvisable because their removal would hamper the establishment of Civil control, the process of disarmament and disbandment, and the tasks of research. It will, therefore, be necessary for documents personnel to select for evacuation through normal channels to Supreme Headquarters Document Centre only such documents as are of immediate general importance. The remainder will so far as possible be left in site after arrangements have been made for their safeguarding. Documents which cannot be so left must be carefully collected in central repositories to await final disposition.

108. The general principle for the handling of documents is that every case must be dealt with on its merits; no standard procedure can be laid down in advance to meet every contingency. Documents personnel must use their own discretion in each case according to the circumstances. The essential thing is that whatever action is taken should be recorded, so that if documents are moved, whether locally or outside GERMANY, whether singly or in bulk, there may always be immediate information available as to their present location at the Document Centre of the Military District from which they have been removed.

109. This procedure will apply to all persons or agencies handling or examining documents. A great number of agencies will be searching for documents, and it is required that all such agencies register themselves with the Document Centre of the District in which they will be operating. It must be impressed on them that, although they are free to collect what documents they require, permission to take them direct out of the country without passing through the normal channels must be obtained from the Document Centre concerned, and the removal registered there. There are represented at Supreme Headquarters many Ministries and agencies who will require to see documents for action in GERMANY before they are evacuated, and Document Centres must therefore ensure that no documents are evacuated direct which might prove of interest to such representatives.

110. The vast majority of documents will, however, remain "in situ". It will therefore be necessary to notify all interested agencies of what is available and where it is to be found. This will be done by each Document Centre preparing and circulating locally lists of the documents

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SECTION IX (Con'd)

available in their areas, arranged by the locations where they are to be found and wherever possible by the categories into which they fall. Copies of these lists will be sent to Supreme Headquarters Document Centre, who will disseminate them as required, together with lists of documents of immediate general importance held at Supreme Headquarters or evacuated through them.

111. It is of course obvious that there will be types of documents which can only be efficiently evaluated in WASHINGTON or LONDON, or which require detailed analysis and research. These classes of documents will be sent to Supreme Headquarters Document Centre for action.

112. A more difficult problem arises regarding the selection of documents which as a matter of policy must not be left in GERMANY. These are papers such as those dealing with the war efforts and organization of the armed forces and the Party, and the War Diaries and studies of the various campaigns. To leave such documents intact in GERMANY would give any future GERMAN General Staff the groundwork for creating a fresh military machine and the data for an examination of their errors in strategy and tactics in this war. It will be necessary for all such documents to be specially listed and marked as documents that must eventually be evacuated or destroyed. Careful trace must be kept of all such papers, and periodic investigation made to see which can now be regarded as wholly exploited and ready for evacuation or destruction. Lists of the type of document which should be so treated on grounds of policy are being prepared and will be circulated for guidance.

113. It must also be borne in mind that there are certain types of documents which it may be necessary to reproduce for the archives of the three occupying Governments. Instructions regarding these will be issued from time to time by Supreme Headquarters.

114. Special efforts will be made to secure all records and plans of the following:

1. The central GERMAN government, GERMAN military organizations, organizations engaged in military research, and such other governmental agencies as may be deemed advisable.

2. The Nazi party and affiliated organizations.

3. All police organizations, including security and political police.

4. Nazi economic organizations and industrial establishments.

5. Institutes and special bureaus established in GERMANY devoting themselves to race, political and similar research.

6. Records relating to JAPAN (see Section XI).

115. The possibility must be borne in mind that the GERMANS will have had copies made of certain documents, the preservation of which they consider vitally important for the future, and will have concealed them. All Intelligence staffs should be on the alert for any signs that such action may have been taken, and it will be a Counter Intelligence responsibility to investigate any such indications.

DOCUMENT PROCEDURE

116. A brief summary is given below of the policy to be adopted in handling documents:

1. All documents seized must be safeguarded.

2. Only documents of immediate general importance will be evacuated.

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SECTION IX (Con'd)

3. Such evacuation will be through established military channels to Supreme headquarters Document Centre.

4. No documents will be removed by anybody without the permission of the local Document Centre.

5. Every document so removed must be registered at the local Document Centre.

6. Location lists of documents will be circulated.

7. On no account will documents of military importance be returned to the GERMANS without adequate arrangements being made for their safeguarding by us, or their return.

8. Attention is directed to Supreme Headquarters Directive dealing with the preservation of archives, and to the General List of Archives in Western Germany which gives particulars of the Archives and records of especial importance to Military Government and other more specialized agencies, or which are worthy of preservation for their historical and cultural value.

9. The greatest care should be taken when removing documents to remove them in the order in which they are found, and to disarrange them as little as possible. It is especially important that documents dealing with any piece of machinery or equipment, e.g., Radar, should not be separated from the material to which they refer.

10. Documents of purely C.I. interest, which C.I. do not wish to hold locally, may be evacuated through O.I. channels. After exploitation by C.I, they will normally be passed to the Supreme Headquarters Document Centre. C.I. may, if they desire, retain any document important for counterintelligence operations. Both these measures will be taken only on the authorization of the Senior Intelligence Officer at the Headquarters concerned."

11. Certain classes of Signal and Cypher documents will be evacuated through Signal Intelligence channels, in accordance with Section VII of Supreme Headquarters Intelligence Directive No. 8, dated 7 May 1944.

RESPONSIBILITIES OR SUPREME HEADQUARTERS, A.E.F.

117.

1. Establishment of central Document Centres at Supreme Headquarters and at BERLIN.

2. Co-ordination of all matters of inter-Service or inter-Divisional relationship regarding documents.

3. Direction on the types of documents which must be left "in situ" and those which are required for ultimate evacuation from GERMANY or destruction, as a matter of policy.

4. Selection and arrangement for making available to the Allied Governments of records required by them.

5. Liaison with M.I.R.S. War Office and M.I.R.S. War Dept. on documents policy, problems and procedure.

6. Detailed analysis of documents as required.

7. Receiving and complying with requests for information on documents.

8. Supply of copies of documents held at Document Centres.

9. Circulation to all concerned of location lists of documents.

10. Arrangements for provision of reproduction facilities and personnel for Supreme Headquarters and BERLIN Document Centres.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF ARMY GROUPS

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SECTION IX (Con'd)

118.

1. Arranging for seizure and safeguarding of documents.

2. Detailed planning for the handling of documents throughout their areas of responsibility in accordance with the policy laid down in this Memorandum.

3. Establishing and organizing of Document Centres. It is anticipated that a Document Centre will be ultimately required at each Corps District Hq.

4. WE/TO action with War Office and ETOUSA, and the provision of personnel both to handle documents and to run the reproduction machinery.

5. Indenting for all equipment required in their areas, including microfilm and laboratory apparatus.

6. Arranging for compliance with all requests for documents held locally, either by producing the original or copies.

It is reiterated that the mass of documents to be handled will far surpass anything previously encountered in this field. In view of the importance of documents for every aspect of Military Government, it is essential that adequate provision of personnel and equipment to handle the task is made.

BERLIN.

119. From the purely military point of view, the biggest and most important collection of documents should theoretically be found In BERLIN or neighborhood. It will therefore be necessary to create a Document Centre of suitable proportions with adequate reproduction resources. This Centre must be initially constructed on an integrated basis, and will be established and organized by Supreme Headquarters under the G-2 Advance Section. Supreme Headquarters will arrange for the supply of the necessary equipment. It must be so organized that it can function appropriately after the termination of the Supreme Commander's control. The procedure for the handling of documents will be as laid down in paragraph 116. BERLIN Document Centre will be required to fulfil the demands of Supreme Headquarters, Army Groups and the Control Council/Commission for copies of the important documents which it is probable will be discovered in the various Ministries. It will circulate lists of documents by locations in the same way as other Document Centres.

NORWAY, DENMARK, AND THE CHANNEL ISLANDS

120. Arrangements have been made for documents personnel to be available to accompany any forces liberating these territories. Normal document procedure will be adopted and documents evacuated through Supreme Headquarters channels.

NAVAL DOCUMENTS

121.All Naval documents will be handed, or where this is impracticable, reported as quickly as possible to the nearest Naval Authority, preferably to Naval Intelligence Officers at the ports (see Section XIV, paragraph 167).

122. Naval Intelligence is responsible for informing Army and Air Intelligence Staffs of any matters of military or air interest arising from Naval documents.

123. Documents of inter-Service interest exploited by Army or Air Staffs will subsequently, if applicable, be passed by them to the Navy.

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SECTION IX (Con'd)

AIR FORCE DOCUMENTS

124. Air Force documents, including documents concerning the GAF Supply Services and the organization of the GERMAN aircraft industry must be handed as quickly as possible to the nearest Air Force or Air Corps Interrogator normally at District Hq. These will be evacuated through Air Force/Air Corps channels.

125. As some GAF documents contain information of importance to ground forces, it is the responsibility of the Air Interrogator to inform Intelligence staffs of the contents of such documents and make them available for inspection.

126. Documents other than Air Force (Luftwaffe) documents which interest Air Intelligence will first be exploited by the Army Intelligence and will then be passed to the nearest Air Interrogator. These documents will be returned after exploitation through normal Army channels.

DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR DOCUMENTS

127. Such documents in the custody of the protecting power will be respected.

128. Documents not in the custody of the protecting power will be guarded pending instructions from Supreme Headquarters as to their disposal. They may be copied but NOT confiscated.

129. If substantial reason exists for believing diplomatic or consular premises were used for warlike operations, the protecting power may be asked for permission to search the premises. If this permission is delayed unreasonably, a detailed report will be rendered to the Supreme Commander, who will decide whether or not the search is to be initiated.

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SECTION X

INTERROGATION OF PRISONERS OF WAR AND CIVILIAN SUSPECTS

POLICY OF INTERROGATION

130. In the occupation period, the shift in emphasis from the interrogation needs of Operational Intelligence to those of Counter Intelligence, which has already commenced as our forces enter GERMANY, will become more pronounced. An increase in the number of interrogators trained in Counter Intelligence methods will therefore be required.

TYPES OF PERSONS TO BE INTERROGATED

131.

1. Ordinary PW or disarmed GERMANS of purely O.I. interest.

2. Ordinary PW or disarmed GERMANS with a C.I. background.

3. Civilians, such as Party officials, members of the SD, Gestapo, etc., who have been arrested on C.I. instructions.

4. Internees in concentration camps.

5. Technical, scientific, economic, financial, etc., experts.

ORGANIZATION OF DETAILED INTERROGATION CENTRES

132. On the BRITISH side the present U.K. organization, CSDIC (UK) and Camp O2O will be transferred in part to the Continent by the end of this year, and will operate as a Detailed Interrogation Centre. It is intended that this Detailed Interrogation Centre should be called forward to a location in GERMANY by Army Group when appropriate.

133. On the AMERICAN side, Detailed Interrogation Centre (US) will continue to operate at present location until such time as the AMERICAN area is occupied by its permanent garrison, at which time it will move to the Corps area occupied by the senior AMERICAN Hq and continue its operation. Mobile Interrogation Units will be available to move successively on call to Corns areas as they are occupied by AMERICAN forces. IPW terms and CIC detachments, augmented by GERMAN-speaking personnel, will remain attached to AMERICAN occupation forces. Those units will be reinforced as teams and detachments of divisions and armies not involved in the occupation become available. Detailed Interrogation Centres (US), Mobile Interrogation Units, and IPW teams will be given a maximum amount of C.I. training and will be augmented by C.I. personnel so that each unit is capable of conducting both Intelligence and Counter Intelligence interrogation.

134. Selectees for detailed interrogation will be sent to Detailed Interrogation Centres. Special arrangements will normally have to he made according to circumstances for the interrogation of GERMAN financial, economic, scientific, etc., experts.

CIVILIAN INTERNMENT CAMPS

135. When the Supreme Headquarters area of GERMANY has been fully occupied, or when Military Districts are set up in the rear of our advancing forces, internment camps for civilian suspects will be established as required by Commanders. The Intelligence control of these camps will be the responsibility of Intelligence staffs to be allocated for the purpose by Commanders. It is desirable that internment camps should bo set up in the immediate neighborhood of PW camps, to facilitate interrogation problems.

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SECTION X (Con'd)

It will also be necessary for Commanders to make arrangements for certain types of PW of C.I. interest to be segregated and held, pending instructions for their final disposal.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUPREME HEADQUARTERS, A.E.F.

136.

1. Preparation of questionnaire giving guidance on O.I. and C.I. interrogation and the selection-of suitable PW.

2. Negotiations with the appropriate authorities regarding the establishment of Detailed Interrogation Centres.

3. To be the channel through which all requests for Intelligence from interrogation are submitted by U.S. and BRITISH Ministries, outside Headquarters and other Divisions of Supreme Headquarters, and passed for action.

4. To be the channel through which Intelligence obtained from interrogation is passed back to U.K. and U.S.

5. To co-ordinate when necessary the work of Detailed Interrogation Centres.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF ARMY GROUPS

137.

1. Setting up of the necessary interrogation facilities.

2. Provision of interrogators. These should be drawn from existing Army Group interrogation personnel.

3. WE/TO action as necessary with War Office and ETOUSA.

NAVAL INTERROGATION

138. The procedure for Naval Interrogation will be as laid down in Section XIV.

AIR INTERROGATION

139. It is not generally intended that Air representation at Detailed Interrogation Centres established outside the UNITED KINGDOM will consist of more than screening officers. Air Interrogators will be attached or given access to interrogation centres and internment camps, and will be given facilities to interrogate persons anywhere likely to be in possession of information of Air interest.

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SECTION XI

MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE
INCLUDING ECONOMIC AND JAPANESE INTELLIGENCE

ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE

140. It will be necessary to provide certain types of economic and industrial Intelligence as required by J.I.C. (Supreme Headquarters) and Army Groups in the fulfillment of their tasks. It will also be necessary to investigate how the GERMAN economy was used to fight the war, both in the domestic and foreign field. It will not be the responsibility of Intelligence staffs to supply such economic information and appreciations as fall within the normal responsibilities of the relevant branches of Military Government, nor to provide detailed technical information of a financial nature.

141. It must nevertheless be appreciated that, in order to implement Allied policy, Military Government staffs will require all available information on GEHMAN economy and industry. The bulk of this information will only be obtainable in GERMANY and in the GERMAN language, and Intelligence staffs should therefore be prepared to co-operate with Military Government staffs in seeking out and interpreting such factual information. At Supreme Headquarters this will be accomplished by officers from G-5 Division being attached to G-2 Economic Section and working together with G-2 Economic officers to provide the economic and industrial Intelligence required by Military Government.

JAPANESE INTELLIGENCE

142. It will be a task of primary importance to secure any Intelligence available in GERMANY regarding JAPAN. For some years there has been an interchange of information between the GERMANS and the JAPANESE. If is possible therefore that Intelligence may be available on JAPANESE Order of Battle, dispositions, intentions, manpower, equipment, technical developments, economy, industry, etc. Such information may prove invaluable in the prosecution of the war against JAPAN, and the seizing and forwarding of it to Supreme Headquarters must be considered as a matter of high operational priority. Commanders will ensure that "T" Forces and all Intelligence staffs are instructed to pay specific attention to the seizure of any documents or other information relating to JAPAN. All such material will be handled as prescribed in Supreme Headquarters Intelligence Directive No. 24, dated February 1945.

STATIC INTELLIGENCE

143. Supreme Headquarters Intelligence Directive No. 21 sets out details of this, and how it is to be handled.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUPREME HEADQUARTERS, A.E.F.

144.

1. Formulation of policy for economic research.

2. Provision of Economic advisers to Army Groups as required by them.

3. In conjunction with Army Groups, the investigation of how the GERMAN economy was used to fight the war.

4. The preliminary sorting and transmittal to the appropriate Ministries of JAPANESE Intelligence.

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SECTION XI (Con'd)

5. Provision of Intelligence Officers for special JAPANESE investigations in Army Group areas as required.

6. Advice and assistance to Army Groups as required on the collection of JAPANESE Intelligence.

7. Overall co-ordination of research into static Intelligence.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF ARMY GROUPS

145.

1. Initiation within their spheres of the necessary measures for the collection of economic and JAPANESE Intelligence.

2. Arrangements to co-ordinate the provision of static Intelligence.

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30 January 1945

SECTION XII

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE
RELATIONSHIP OF CIOS TO SUPREME HEADQUARTERS, A.E.F.

146. The GERMANS have made very considerable progress in their science end technology since the beginning of the war. It is vital for future security that their developments in this field, particularly insofar as they have been adapted for war purposes, be discovered and fully investigated and exploited. Every effort will be made by the GERMANS to conceal or destroy the information relating to such work, and it is essential that such attempts should be prevented wherever possible.

147. In order to facilitate the handling of these and similar problems, the Combined Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee of Combined Intelligence Committee (the CIOS of CIC) has been set up in LONDON. Its function is to co-ordinate requests from U.S. and BRITISH Ministries, Departments and other agencies, which are of such a nature that they do not fall within the normal scope of Military Intelligence staffs. CIOS forwards the coordinated requests to Supreme Headquarters which allocates them to the appropriate formations for action. Responsibilities for seizure are defined in Section IV.

148. When exploitation of CIOS objectives by experts commences, the results acquired will fall into four broad categories:

1. Documents. No document will be removed unless it has first been registered with the nearest Document Centre.

2. Materiel. This will normally be evacuated through established military channels. It will never be taken out of GERMANY direct, without the nearest Intelligence staff being notified, and that staff will be responsible for forwarding the information to Supreme Headquarters.

3. Persons. In the first instance, all persons on the CIOS Black List will be detained, together with any other persons who appear to be in possession of information likely to be of value to CIOS. It will be the responsibility of Intelligence staffs to determine as early as possible whether such persons should remain under detention or whether they may be released with restrictions as to movement and with instructions to report, at regular intervals. It must be remembered that persons on the CIOS Black List will be experts of all kinds, including scientists and research workers, many of whom may be in possession of information which the GERMAN General Staff are particularly anxious to conceal from us. Great discretion must be exercised in the handling of these experts, and adequate precautions must be taken to protect them both before they have given information and afterwards, but they must not be so handled that the very restrictions imposed influence them against giving information. In some cases persons on the CIOS Blacklist may also be included on the Counter Intelligence Personality Cards. Such persons will be handed over immediately to Counter Intelligence, who will be responsible for producing them for questioning by CIOS experts when required.

4. Reports of Experts. A copy of every report made will be sent by CIOS to Supreme Headquarters, together with all associated information obtained.

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SECTION XII (Con'd)

RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUPREME HEADQUARTERS, A.E..F.

149.

1. Advice to the Supreme Commander regarding the acquisition an exploitation of information concerning scientific, technological and kindred subjects.

2. Co-ordination of all investigating agencies in the scientific and technological field.

3. Advice on the scientific and technological requirements of CIOS in the field.

4. In conjunction with CIOS Secretariat, arrangements for the experts designated by CIOS to visit the objectives they desire to exploit after seizure, and the overall co-ordination of such visits.

5. Overall co-ordination of investigation of CIOS targets.

6. Dissemination of Information acquired which may affect operations in conjunction with CIOS.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF ARMY GROUPS

150.

1. Co-ordination of exploitation of CIOS targets in their respective spheres.

2. Arrangements for setting up facilities throughout their area for the investigation of targets and for assistance to visiting experts.

151. In connection with (ii) above, it must be appreciated that for some considerable time after targets have been seized, there will be a continual coming and going of experts who desire to exploit targets in Military Districts. These experts will be requiring transport, direction as to how to find their target, interpreters, interrogation facilities, access to documents, etc. It will therefore be necessary for Military District Intelligence staffs to make arrangements whereby the requirements of experts can be efficiently and smoothly handled.

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30 January 1945

SECTION XIII

THE INTELLIGENCE ORGANIZATION AT BERLIN

152. BERLIN will ultimately be an international zone divided up into three parts between the forces of the U.S.A., U.K., and U.S.S.R. As such, it has special Intelligence requirements, which differ in many respects from those elsewhere in Supreme Headquarters, A.E.F. GERMANY. There will be three distinct Intelligence functions to perform in BERLIN.

1. The normal functions which are carried out in each Military District.

2. The obtaining of information from GERMAN Ministries, OKW, etc.

3. Liaison with the RUSSIANS on Intelligence matters.

153. It is planned that the setting up of control in BERLIN will take place in three stages:

Paragraph 153. Delete existing STAGE (i) and substitute:

"STAGE (i). The District Commander will arrive and will be responsible directly to Supreme Headquarters."

STAGE (ii) The District Commander will arrive and take over command from the Force Commander. He will be responsible direct to Supreme Headquarters.

STAGE (ii) "The Control Council/Commission will assume full control of their respective sectors at the conclusion of the Supreme Headquarters, A.E.F. period.

Paragraph 154. Delete opening paragraph and substitute:

"There will be the following Intelligence personnel operating in BERLIN at various stages during this period:"

1. "T" Force Intelligence experts.

2. Intelligence staff of the District Commander.

3. Control Council/Commission Intelligence staffs.

4. G-2 Advance Section, Supreme Headquarters.

155. The functions and composition of these staffs will be as follows:

Paragraph 155. Existing sub-paragraph (i) is rescinded and the following substituted:

"(i) "T" Force Intelligence Experts. These will be the experts who go in to exploit Intelligence objectives. They will fall into two groups:

1. Intelligence officers who are introduced for specific purposes and on completion of their task return to their normal stations.

2. Technical experts for exploitation of Combined Intelligence Objectives Sub-committee objectives."

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SECTION XIII (Con'd)

3. Technical experts from Ministries for exploitation of CIOS objectives.
2. Intelligence Staff of the District Commander. The local government of BERLIN in the initial period is a responsibility of the District Commander. The U.S./BRITISH sectors of BERLIN will to all intents and purposes form an extra Military District under him. His Intelligence staff will have to carry out similar tasks in BERLIN as are carried out by the strengthened Corps staffs at Military Districts. They will supply any Operational Intelligence required by the District Commander, and will initiate all Counter Intelligence measures deemed necessary, including all arrests and detentions. FS/CIC sections will be allotted, together with such specialist troops as may be necessary. The District Commander will be responsible for establishing an interrogation centre, and his Intelligence staff will make all arrangements to facilitate the visits of investigating experts, and to co-ordinate static Intelligence. They will not have any responsibility as regards OKW or OKH or the Ministries, and they will maintain liaison with the RUSSIANS only on matters of local Intelligence.

3. Control Council/Commission Intelligence Staffs. These staff will not be integrated, though it is planned that they will work as a team under a single co-ordinating head, who will act as the channel of communication with the District Commander. They will be under the command of Supreme Headquarters, and will be introduced in two ways:

   Delete existing sub-paragraph (iii) (a) and substitute:

   "(a) Certain Intelligence officers will go in early with the Intelligence Staff of the District Commander to act as reconnaissance parties."

   2. Reconnaissance parties will advise the Supreme Commander on the calling forward of further Intelligence elements.

   Their Intelligence functions will be four-fold:

   1. All Intelligence relations with OKW, OKH, OKL, OKM and all Intelligence dealings with GERMAN Ministries.

   2. The supply of detailed Intelligence to the Control Council/Commission planning staffs.

   3. Liaison with the RUSSIANS on all necessary points of Intelligence interest to the Control Council/Commission.

   4. Liaison with the RUSSIANS on matters of Intelligence policy at the direction of the Supreme Commander.

4. An advance section of G-2, Supreme Headquarters will be brought forward to BERLIN, and will work with the Control Council/Commission on all matters of special Intelligence interest to Supreme Headquarters, particularly in connection with the Ministries and RUSSIAN liaison. It will also be responsible for establishing a Document Centre at BERLIN, as set out in Section IX, paragraph 119.

156. The Naval and Air Intelligence organizations at BERLIN are set out in Sections XIV and XV respectively.

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30 January 1945

SECTION XIV

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE PLAN

157. In order to implement the principles of the ECLIPSE Intelligence Plan, the Naval-Organization will be as follows:

SEIZURE OF INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES - ECLIPSE PRIMARY PHASE

I58. Naval Intelligence targets are shown in the CIOS list which has been issued to all concerned.

I59. Naval forces available consist of the R.N. Intelligence Unit, known as No. 30 Assault Advanced Unit, the U.S.N.; Intelligence Unit known as the Forward Intelligence Unit, and NAVTECMISEU. No. 30 Assault Advanced Unit and similar U.S. Intelligence units have operated in NORTH AFRICA, ITALY and FRANCE. No. Assault Advanced Unit will consist of approximately 350 officers and men with vehicles, including communication vans. The composition of the Forward Intelligence Unit will be determined by COMNAVEU. One troop of No. 30 Assault Advanced Unit (approximately 50 men) have been trained in parachute descent and are available for operations of. this nature. NAVTECMISEU will have approximately 200 technicians available.

160. Naval Intelligence Units will operate mainly in the coastal belt or in other areas where priority Naval targets may be located. "T" Forces will deal with Naval targets in other areas, and conversely, Naval Intelligence Units will deal with non-Naval targets in their areas of operation. It follows that plans for operations by these units will be closely co-ordinated with those of "T" Forces, and for this purpose, an officer of No. 30 Assault Advanced Unit and a Staff Officer (I) U.S. are available on ANCXF's staff.

161. Naval Intelligence Units will reach their targets either with the first seaborne convoy entering a port, or overland, or by air, in accordance with the situation. Their actual operation in the field will be under the command of the Military Commander of the area in which they will operate, and he will provide all possible assistance.

ECLIPSE SECONDARY PHASE

162. Apart from the Naval Intelligence Staffs at ANCXF's Hq and G-2 Supreme Headquarters, a Forward Naval Intelligence staff under ANCXF will be established at BERLIN. At a later stage, when BRITISH and UNITED STATES Flag Officers are appointed to BERLIN, they will have their own Intelligence staffs, into which the ANCXF Forward Intelligence Staff may be absorbed.

163. In addition, Staff Officers Intelligence will be stationed at the following ports:

EMDEN
WILHEMSHAVEN
BREMEN
BREMERHAVEN
HAMBURG
CUXHAVEN
FLINSBURG
KIEL
LUBECK
SYLT

164. It is the intention that, where practicable, the members of the above staffs should remain after the period of Supreme Commander's responsibility, and continue to serve under the Control Council/Commission.

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SECTION XIV (Con'd)

165. The above Naval staffs, apart from their specialized duties with regard to Naval Intelligence, will supply Supreme Headquarters, the Control Council/Commission and other appropriate authorities with all necessary Naval Intelligence. They will cooperate with the Intelligence staffs of other Services in implementing the provisions of this Memorandum. It is especially to be noted that Intelligence which may be of value in the war against JAPAN is to be treated with the highest priority.

PRISONER OF WAR INTERROGATION

166. Naval Interrogators will be attached to Detailed Interrogation Centres as and when they are established, as set out in Section X. In addition, small teams of Naval Interrogators will be available to visit prisoner of war or internment camps as necessity directs. Apart from interrogation on the spot, it will be the duty of these interrogators to select prisoners with special knowledge of Naval value for further detailed interrogation in the UNITED KINGDOM or elsewhere.

DOCUMENTS AMD EQUIPMENT

167. In general Naval Documents and equipment seized by the Army or Air Force will be handed over to the nearest Naval Authority either direct or through Corps Hq, whichever is the quicker. Documents or equipment seized by Naval Units and which are of interest to the other Services will be handed to the Intelligence Officer at the nearest Corps or Air Force Hq. During the Primary Phase the Naval Authority mentioned above may well be No. 30 Assault Unit or U.S. Forward Intelligence Unit.

168. In the Secondary Phase, when District Document Centres are established, as set out in Section IX, Naval personnel will be attached to that at HAMBURG and to the Document Centres at Supreme Headquarters and BERLIN. Naval Sub-Centres will be established at KIEL and BREMEN. In addition, Naval document specialists will be available to visit other Document Centres to assist in the disposal of documents of Naval interest.

169. Equipment will be handled in both the Primary and Secondary Phases, as set out in paragraph 167.

170. Flag Officers and Naval officers-in-charge of GERMAN ports will be given appropriate extracts from the CIOS target list for their particular areas, and will be instructed to facilitate the expeditious return to the U.K. of captured items.

SECURITY

171. BRITISH Naval Staff Officers (Security) will be available. Initially they will be with ANCXF and will be transferred to Control Commission when this takes over. They will be employed in the principal areas of Naval interest.

172. United States Navy Count or Intelligence Officers will be attached to each United States Flag Command.

173. Naval Security and Counter Intelligence Officers will work in close cooperation with Army Security Officers, as set out in Section VI, and will be primarily responsible for the security of Naval Establishments and security matters of maritime interest.

CENSORSHIP

174. Naval Liaison Officers will be attached to G-2, Supreme Headquarters to ensure that Naval censorship conforms with the general regulations laid down, and to provide Naval guidance where required for any civil censorships controlled by Supreme Headquarters, as described in Section VII.

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30 January 1945

SECTION XV

OUTLINE PLAN FOR THE EXPLOITATION OF AIR
INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES DURING THE ECLIPSE PERIOD

DEFINITIONS

175. For general convenience, captured or surrendered installations, material, documents and persons of particular interest to the Allied Air Force Intelligence organizations are referred to in this document as Intelligence Objectives or Targets.

176. By exploitation of Intelligence Targets is meant the seizure, safeguarding, preliminary interrogation of persons, and their subsequent evacuation and the. recording, preliminary scanning and subsequent evacuation of documents (either in the form of originals or photostat copies) to the appropriate collating authorities.

AUTHORITY

177. The responsibility for the seizure and exploitation of all Air Intelligence targets during ECLIPSE period will rest with the Supreme Commander, until such time, as authority is vested in the Tripartite Control Council/Commission.

AIR INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES

178. Air Intelligence targets during the ECLIPSE period which will be investigated will include:

1. Intelligence objectives which will provide information necessary for the disarmament, demobilisation and demilitarisation of the G.A.F. and its associated para-military associations.

2. Intelligence targets which will be of paramount importance toward hastening the termination of the war against JAPAN. Such objectives are:

   1. Intelligence concerning JAPANESE plans, Air-Force order of battle, operations, aircraft production, production of other war material and other target data.

   2. Intelligence concerning GERMAN scientific and technical developments, the application of which to Allied air technique will further our ability to wage total war against JAPAN.

   3. Intelligence which will provide a check on the effectiveness of Allied air operations as well as a check on the accuracy and completeness of Air Intelligence estimates with the view of improvement in each case of future use against JAPAN.

3. Intelligence targets which will provide technical Intelligence for research purposes.

4. Intelligence targets which will form the basis of a comprehensive study of G.A.F. administration, operations, supply and Intelligence organizations.

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30 January 1945

SECTION XV (Con'd)

5. Intelligence targets which will facilitate the maintenance of order and discipline during the ECLIPSE period and prevent any attempt at evasion, concealment or destruction.

ORGANIZATION

179. Subject to co-ordination with the Supreme Commander, A.E.F., Air Ministry and USSTAF are jointly responsible for:

1. The provision of Air Intelligence for Disarmament purposes through appropriate channels to the Supreme Commander.

2. The formation of Intelligence policy for Disarmament problems.

180. Supreme Headquarters, A.E.F, Air Staff (A-2 Division) is responsible for the dissemination and direction of the Intelligence Disarmament policy laid down jointly by the Air Ministry and USSTAF to the Tactical Air Forces under the control of SHAEF (AIR).

MACHINERY FOR ACCOMPLISHMENT

181. During the ECLIPSE period, Intelligence objectives will be exploited by:

1. Normal air Intelligence gathering agencies now in the field (whose staffs will be augmented as necessary) including technical Intelligence and air P/W interrogation teams.

2. By staffs of U.S. and BRITISH Air Disarmament formations and

3. By special investigations and missions whose activities and projects have been co-ordinated with C.I.O.S.

182. During the early stages of ECLIPSE period, normal air Intelligence gathering agencies following the advancing armies will continue, as at present, to exploit air Intelligence Objectives. Upon the occupation of GERMANY after surrender or collapse of resistance, air Intelligence agencies and staffs will be attached or made available to. U.S. and R.A.F. Disarmament staffs as circumstances require for specialised Intelligence investigations.

183. For primary Air Intelligence in that portion of GERMANY occupied .by U.S. Forces, which will ultimately form part of the BRITISH zone in GERMANY, R.A.F. Intelligence personnel will be attached to USAAF Ninth Air Force Headquarters, and to such other lower formations as may be agreed upon, under functional supervision of the R.A.F. Disarmament Staff, 2nd T.A.F. The reverse procedure will apply in the BREMEN/BREMERHAVEN area, functional supervision of Disarmament Units in the latter case being exercised by Ninth Air Force.

EXPLOITATION OF INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES

184. Intelligence staffs will be attached to field formations of USAAF/RAF Disarmament formations, when deployed, for the purpose of screening and reporting to higher headquarters the presence of Intelligence objectives of interest to SHAEF, USSTAF or Air Ministry. Intelligence staffs will determine by examination of Intelligence objectives whether documents should be evacuated or remain "in situ". Commanders of Disarmament formations, with assistance where required of Army Group "T" Forces or nearest Military Headquarters, will ensure that all documents are safeguarded until they have been examined by qualified Intelligence personnel.

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SECTION XV (Con'd)

185. Target Lists have been prepared by the Combined Intelligence Objective Sub-Committee (C.I.O.S.) and other appropriate agencies as set out in Section IV, listing in the appropriate order of priority Intelligence Objectives under each of the categories outlined in paragraph 178 above. These will be amended by them from time to time as new information is obtained.

186. C.I.O.S. is established to receive, approve and co-ordinate all requests of BRITISH and U.S. Governmental departments for Intelligence of military or political significance which will become available as Allied Forces advance in the area of the authority of the Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Forces (SCAEF), exclusive of the combat Intelligence which SCAEF would normally seek, or normal technical Intelligence to be obtained through existing provisions for the examination of captured equipment, personnel and documents and of the Intelligence requirements of the BRITISH Secret and Security Services and O.S.S. (SI). Target lists of air objectives which it is desired to include in the CIOS Black List should be forwarded where appropriate with the corresponding Intelligence information necessary before seizure and exploitation to the C.I.O.S. After final allocation of priority, the "T" Sub-Division will forward those Air Intelligence targets to Special "T" Forces, Special Air Force investigating teams or agents, or the "T" Force (Army Group) concerned for their seizure and/or exploitation.

187. Special operations, will be mounted against particular cities or areas, in which there are concentrated a large number of Intelligence Objectives. Special Army Group "T" Forces will be organized to seize and guard Intelligence Objectives in these areas. Intelligence Targets ("T") Sub-Division, Supreme Headquarters, A.E.F. will be responsible for forwarding to Army "T" Forces dossiers on priority Intelligence targets, as determined in accordance with paragraph 185, within those areas necessary for planning the seizure operations to appropriate Army Groups. Qualified air personnel, charged with the investigation of all Air Intelligence Objectives within these areas, will be attached to teams of specialists and interrogators arranged by the Intelligence Targets ("T") Sub-Division, Supreme Headquarters, A.E.F., which will be transported to these areas for the express purpose of examination and exploitation of Intelligence Objectives.

188. Priority Intelligence targets outside of the special areas covered above will be investigated by various Air Force or other teams, operating with the approval of Supreme Headquarters. Such teams will be briefed by their respective headquarters and overall co-ordination, of effort will be accomplished through Supreme Headquarters.

189. Where air teams are not available for exploitation of Air Intelligence objectives, by arrangement with Army Groups, seizure of such objectives will be entrusted to "T" Force Army Groups. Air target lists and briefing information relating to such Air Intelligence Objectives in each Army Group's area, or along its contemplated axis of advance, which require action by the "T" Force Army Group, will be forwarded through C.I.O.S. (where appropriate), and Intelligence Targets ("T") Sub-Division, Supreme Headquarters, to the Army Group concerned for seizure and exploitation.

EVACUATION OF DOCUMENTS AND DISSEMINATION OF INTELLIGENCE

190. Existing Technical Intelligence and/or Prisoners of War Interrogation teams will continue to collect, and in the case of the latter, receive from the Army Document Sections at Corps level or above, documents of operational and other significance to air Intelligence. Documents of operational significance will be passed through normal Air Force channels with all possible speed.

191. As far as possible, such documents as are to be evacuated will be sent through Air Force channels to USSTAF and Air Ministry, as the case may be, or to a combined document research agency to be created by them. Until

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SECTION XV (Con'd)

modified by USSTAF, or Air Ministry, present procedures for combined handling of air documents shall continue in effect.

192. After collation and evaluation of documents by USSTAF or Air Ministry as the case may be, or by a combined document research agency to be created by them, resulting air Intelligence will be passed to lower formations as far as possible, through established Air Force channels. C.I.O.S. through its secretariat will produce and disseminate to its member agencies, copies of the investigation reports of all teams connected with C.I.O.S.

TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE

193. Although most of the primary Intelligence objectives appear in the C.I.O.S. Black List, and will be covered by Combined Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee experts, the normal method of collecting technical Intelligence in the field by specialised Intelligence Officers or teams will continue and the examination and evacuation of Intelligence Objectives will be carried out in accordance with provisions made in A.E.A.F., Air Staff Policy and Operational Instruction No. 15.

INTERROGATION

194. Specialized Air Force Interrogators will be attached or have access to all Interrogation Centres, Internment Camps (Military and Civil) and any official or civilian having specialised knowledge of Intelligence Objectives of interest to the Air Forces, as described in paragraph 178. In general, it is not intended that Air representation at Detailed Interrogation Centres on the Continent will consist of more than screening officers.

SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE

195. This forms the subject of separate inter-Service instruction (as set out in Section VIII (B).)

COUNTER INTELLIGENCE

196. Certain RAF C.I. personnel will be made available to augment existing C.I. staffs and will collaborate in the execution of C.I. functions. In addition, it may be necessary, in areas of special Air importance or interest, to provide an added number of C.I. Air officers with specific Air Functions. Existing USAAF C.I. personnel will be increased so far as possible and close liaison will be maintained by USSTAF and its subordinate formations with appropriate Army C.I. personnel.

197. Security personnel will be attached to Air Formations for internal affairs to carry out the normal duties of Security.

CENSORSHIP

198. RAF Intelligence Personnel will be attached to G-2 Division, Supreme Headquarters, to care for special air interest and to provide air guidance where required for civil censorships controlled by Supreme Headquarters, A.E.F, as set out in Section VII, USAAF censorship interests will be effected by appropriate liaison.

ANNEX A

SUPREME HEADQUARTERS ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE

SECRET Auth: SC, AEF Initials: 16 Sept 1944

AG 350.09-4 GBI-AGM

APO 757 (Fwd) 16 September 1944

SUBJECT:	Counter-intelligence Directive -- Pre-surrender Period -- Germany.
TO:	See Distribution.

1. The inclosed Directive for Allied Counter-intelligence operations during the pre-surrender period in Germany is published for the information and guidance of all concerned.

2. In all cases of conflict between attached Directive and Intelligence Directive Number 7, this headquarters, the attached Directive will govern.

By command of General EISENHOWER:

/s/ E. C. Boehnke
E. C. BOEHNKE
Colonel, AGD.
Adjutant General.

DISTRIBUTION:
100 -- Hq, 21 Army Group
200 -- CG, Twelfth Army Group
100 -- CG, Sixth Army Group
100 -- CG, Communications Zone
50 -- Air C-in-C, Allied Expeditionary Air Force
10 -- Allied Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force
40 -- G-2 Div, Supreme Hq, AEF.
2 - AG Records, Supreme Hq, AEF

COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE DIRECTIVE -- PRE-SURRENDER PERIOD

GERMANY

SECTION I		General Considerations
SECTION II		Military Security
SECTION III		Civil Security
SECTION IV		Port, Frontier and Travel Security
APPENDIX 'A'		Relationship between Counter-Intelligence and Military Government (Public Safety)
APPENDIX 'B'		Arrest and Detention