Computer Networks

This paper aims at investigating what happens on technology-driven markets when it is necessary to assess and evaluate information about the technology solutions before purchase. One of the major difficulties transaction participants face is that they are assessing not just technical properties but also intangible issues regarding the difference between technologies, the future performance of the technology, and other factors. Another major difficulty in the transactions on technology markets is managing the information flow. Here we can find a number of problems: how information about technical solutions is formed, gathered, processed, exchanged and understood from both parties in the transaction. This is where the theory of information asymmetry comes in place. Information asymmetry is the problem preventing communication processes to be effective. A possible mechanism to address the problems information asymmetry created on the technology markets is the intellectual property system in general and patent rights in particular. In this paper we will analyse the hypothesis of using a well developed, well organized in terms of institutions classical market-regulating mechanism such as the patent system. We propose a model for understanding and addressing information asymmetry on the technology markets, using one already existing legislative mechanism, namely patent rights. Our analyses are conducted using the technology markets in general and the software market in particular. These analyses are examined using theories of communication processes and theories of development of the patent system and its functions. The study resulted in the identification of information exchange pattern on the technology market and of the model of information asymmetry on that market. The paper ends by challenging the efficiency of patent rights, which though having the potential to address and solve the problem of information asymmetry on the technology markets, remains problematic and difficult to achieve.
Keywords: information asymmetry, technology markets, intellectual property rights, patents, software market

If the 21st century is to understood in terms of the proliferation of interface and image exchange platforms and if predominate forms of media only attempt to reconcile and navigate these technologies, theoretical examinations of these platforms aimed at understanding their aesthetics and effects have become imperative. Utilizing an understanding of cognitive technology from Marcelo Dascal, understandings of networks, protocol and control developed by Alexander R Galloway, and a theory of modern technogenesis by Katherine Hayles, this paper maps out emerging aesthetic forms in art and visual production as a result of the preponderance of computer interface in contemporary modes of communication. It examines the function and form of hypertext and protocol as they relate to visual culture. This work examines film and other visual forms with an eye to cognitive development in order to uncover the visual manifestation of networks as well as the systems of control that are embedded within.

"Red Estatal eJalisco: The Network is Ours" by IJALTI, gathering in its pages the rationale, origins and motivation to perform this first strategy mainly emanating from the citizens of Jalisco, to enhance the development and inclusion of society in the digital age (IJALTI, 2013).

Infrastructural practices, made by the manipulations of pumps, pipes and hydraulic expertise, play a critical role in managing urban populations. Drawing on two years of ethnographic research in Mumbai, in this article I show how Muslim settlers in a northern suburb are being rendered abject residents of the city. Abjection isn’t not a lack of social and political entitlements, but a denial of them. As Muslim settlers are being pushed down to claim less desirable water through the deliberate inaction of city engineers and technocrats, this article shows the iterative process through which abjection is made through tenuous and contentious infrastructural connections between the government and the governed.

In Industrial environments, huge amount of data is being generated which in turn collected indatabase anddata warehouses from all involved areas such as planning, process design, materials, assembly, production, quality, process control, scheduling, fault detection,shutdown, customer relation management, and so on. Data Mining has become auseful tool for knowledge acquisition for industrial process of Iron and steel making. Due to the rapid growth in Data Mining, various industries started using data mining technology to search the hidden patterns, which might further be used to the system with the new knowledge which might design new models to enhance the production quality, productivity optimum cost and maintenance etc. The continuous improvement of all steel production process regarding the avoidance of quality deficiencies and the related improvement of production yield is an essential task of steel producer. Therefore, zero defect strategy is popular today and to maintain it several quality assurance techniques areused. The present report explains the methods of data mining and describes its application in the industrial environment and especially, in the steel industry.

È "lavoro di partito" tutto ciò che contribuisce al movimento reale che abolisce lo stato di cose presente. In Marx la teoria del partito non è del tutto esplicita, però è facile da ricavare da molti dei suoi scritti. Nel Manifesto il quadro teorico offre già una buona traccia per una lettura di tutto ciò che egli scriverà successivamente: i comunisti sono coloro che anticipano la società futura; non fanno già più parte di questa società anche se vivono dentro di essa. L'enorme importanza di questo concetto non è stata capita dalla maggior parte di coloro che si richiamano a Marx.

International conference. Trieste, Novembre, 13-15 2014
This conference aims at analyzing the history of Italy’s nuclear energy policies during the Cold War, by placing the Italian case in a comparative perspective and highlighting the importance of the international context in shaping the country’s specific experience. It builds upon a previous conference, organized by Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A and the University of Trieste in 2012 (Nuclear Energy in Italy after the Second World War: Research, Culture, Politics - http://www.elettra.trieste.it/Ippolito/). This conference proposes to examine the ways in which international politics and economics, technological and scientific exchanges, as well as social and cultural movements, influenced Italian nuclear energy policies, both civilian and military. Furthermore, it seeks to understand how the Italian case compares to other national histories, in Western and Eastern Europe, the U.S., Latin America, Asia and Africa.
With few important exceptions, the Italian case has largely remained on the margins of a growing scholarship on the history of nuclear energy. This conference intends to provide a venue for work-in- progress by junior and senior scholars, with the aim of consolidating a national and international research group on this topic. We are particularly interested in fostering an interdisciplinary dialogue and encourage papers that use a variety of approaches, such as history, science and technology studies, physics, engineering, political science, economics, international relations, anthropology, and geography.
Some of the issues that the conference will address are:
1. The ways in which the Cold War shaped Italian civilian and military nuclear policies.
2. The role public opinion, social and cultural groups, anti-nuclear and pro-nuclear movements, had in shaping Italian nuclear policies.
3. The ways in which an interdisciplinary approach such as that of Science and Technology Studies (STS) might provide a new understanding about the history of nuclear energy in Italy.

This conference is organized by Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., the Department of Humanities of the University of Trieste, the Department of Political Sciences of the University of Roma Tre, and the Department of Documentary, Linguistic-Philological and Geographic Sciences of the University of Rome “La Sapienza”.
The working group responsible for the conference programme includes professors and researchers from the University of Trieste – Humanities Department; University of Roma Tre – Political Science Department; Machiavelli Center for Cold War Studies – CIMA; University of Rome “La Spaienza” - Physics Department and Departments for Documentary, Linguistic-Philological and Geographical Sciences; Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.


Scientific Committee:
Giovanni Battimelli (University of Rome “La Sapienza”)
Elisabetta Bini (University of Trieste)
Igor Londero (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.)
Leopoldo Nuti (University of Roma Tre)
Giovanni Paoloni (University of Rome “La Sapienza”)
Carlo Rizzuto (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.)
Elisabetta Vezzosi (University of Trieste).


Organizing offices: Giulia Iannuzzi (University of Trieste)
Contacts: nuclearitaly@gmail.com
Web: www.elettra.eu/Conferences/2014/NuclearItaly

With the increasing utilization of the Internet and its provided services, an increase in cyber-attacks to exploit the information occurs. A technology to store and maintain user's information that is mostly used for its simplicity and low-cost services is cloud computing (CC). Also, a new model of computing that is noteworthy today is mobile cloud computing (MCC) that is used to reduce the limitations of mobile devices by allowing them to offload certain computations to the remote cloud. The cloud environment may consist of critical or essential information of an organization; therefore, to prevent this environment from possible attacks a security solution is needed. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a solution to these security issues. An IDS is a hardware or software device that can examine all inside and outside network activities and recognize doubtful patterns that may demonstrate a network attack and automatically alert the network (or system) administrator. Because of the ability of an IDS to detect known/unknown (inside/outside) attacks, it is an excellent choice for securing cloud computing. Various methods are used in an intrusion detection system to recognize attacks more accurately. Unlike survey papers presented so far, this paper aims to present a comprehensive survey of intrusion detection systems that use computational intelligence (CI) methods in a (mobile) cloud environment. We firstly provide an overview of CC and MCC paradigms and service models, also reviewing security threats in these contexts. Previous literature is critically surveyed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of previous work. Then we define a taxonomy for IDS and classify CI-based techniques into single and hybrid methods. Finally, we highlight open issues and future directions for research on this topic.

Cloud Computing is a virtual place of IT organizations that is given to a client over a system on a leased basis and with the capacity to scale up or down their organization fundamentals. Generally, cloud computing organizations are taken by an outside supplier who owns the foundation. Cloud computing gives the client an outsourcing model where the supplier deals with the customer's processing and stockpiling necessities on a pay-as-you-go basis. Organizations need to definitely know the benefits and difficulties particularly for the most basic applications. Security controls in cloud computing are generally the same as security controls in any IT environment. These controls are executed in one or more layers running from the offices (physical security) to the system framework (system security), to the IT framework (framework security) and the distance to the data and applications (application security). Security is noticed as a key requirement when applying cloud computing. This paper presents a detailed examination of the cloud computing security issues perceived by UAE clients including their difficulties concentrating on the cloud computing and the organization transportation types.

In recent years, media has become ubiquitous
and important for networking and content
sharing. Interest in the impact of media on the
“real world” is as old as media itself. At the
dawn of a new era, vast expansion in the
advancement of technology have placed
media on an important platform The
conventional mass media has been replaced
by up-to-date most complicated and most
sophisticated means. The technological
revolution has made the information process
expedient. The importance of media
technology is widely recognized as a body of
work which has focused almost exclusively
on technology as a driving force of social
change. Then we go further and examine how
the development and application of
technology have advanced the media means.
This discussion takes into account, the
technologies that form the basis of our media
and how it can be a revolution to whole of the
world. In recent years, the explosion of new
media has caused new anxieties. In this
respect a research is needed to enhance the
use of media+ technology in detection of
crimes, corruption live telecasting etc.,
making the work much more easier for the
society to face and handle everyday life in a
secured and peaceful manner.
So, finally we focus some researches
to be made in the field of media + technology
that how it can be used for crime detection,
medical and live telecast and also how it can
be made easier for the blind ,the deaf and the
illiterate to get cognizant of everyday
happenings all over the world and get
updated.

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Bluetooth is one of the most prevalent technologies available on mobile phones. One of the key questions how to harness this technology in an educational manner in universities and schools. This paper is about a Bluetooth quizzing system which will be used to administer quizzes to students of a university. The Bluetooth quizzing application consists of a server and client mobile Android application. It will utilize a queuing system to allow many clients to connect simultaneously to the server. When clients connect, they can register or choose the option to complete a quiz that the lecturer selected. Results are automatically sent when quiz is done from the client application. Data analysis can then be done to review the progress of students.

This paper presents the sharing of our experiences and lessons learned to modernize a warship with C6ISR utilizing the digital engineering MBSE models of complex systems. We captured Enterprise Architecture (EA) DoDAF views, KPP and KSA in Capability Views (CV). At the EA, information passes into domain specific SoS Block Definition Diagrams (BDD) and Internal Block Diagrams (IBD) to interface and exchange information via SysML models and generate the Interface Control Document (ICD) automatically. The paper illustrates the mapping of EA with SoS digital models and tracing from EA to SoS MOE, MOP, MOS and TPM. The paper applies a Use Case to exemplify OOSEM life cycle activities for requirements traceability. The paper has demonstrated that both EA and SoS are derived from Systems Engineering (SE) process and can be validated and verified via the “V-Model” and endorse the noticeable reduction in the total development cost per complex systems project.

Dear Reader,

Let's get the introductions out of the way.I am not a recruiter. I am a software engineer. And as such, I know what it's like to be asked to whip up brilliant algorithms on the spot and then write flawless code on a whiteboard. I know because I've been asked to do the same thing-in interviews at Google, Microsoft, Apple, and Amazon, among other companies.

I also know because I've been on the other side of the table, asking candidates to do this. I've combed through stacks of resumes to find the engineers who I thought might be able to actually pass these interviews.
I've evaluated them as they solved-or tried to solve-challenging questions. And I've debated in Google's Hiring Committee whether a candidate did well enough to merit an offer. I understand the full
hiring circle because I've been through it all, repeatedly. And you, reader, are probably preparing for an interview, perhaps tomorrow, next week, or next year. I am here to help you solidify your understanding of computer science fundamentals and then learn how to apply those fundamentals to crack the coding interview.

The 6th edition of Cracking the Coding Interview updates the 5th edition with 70% more content: additional questions, revised solutions, new chapter introductions, more algorithm strategies, hints for all problems,
and other content. Be sure to check out our website, CrackingTheCodinglnterview.com, to connect with other candidates and discover new resources. I'm excited for you and for the skills you are going to develop. Thorough preparation will give you a wide range of technical and communication skills. It will be well worth it, no matter where the effort takes you!

I encourage you to read these introductory chapters carefully. They contain important insight that just might make the difference between a "hire" and a "no hire:' And remember-interviews are hard! In my years of interviewing at Google, I saw some interviewers ask "easy" questions while others ask harder questions. But you know what? Getting the easy questions doesn't make it any easier to get the offer. Receiving an offer is not about solving questions flawlessly (very few candidates do!). Rather, it is about answering questions better than other candidates. So don't stress out when you get a tricky question-everyone else probably thought it was hard too. It's okay to not be flawless. Study hard, practice- and good luck!

Gayle L. McDowell
Founder/CEO, CareerCup.com
Author of Cracking the PM Interview and Cracking the Tech Career

Open source software (OSS) in academia can have multiple types of implementations and positive returns. This paper explores the use of OSS as a method to teach entrepreneurship concepts and practices to Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) majors. OSS allows for individuals to contribute and provide support services for applications. This will allow students to gain expertise in low level design, software project management, and software consulting services in order to successfully deploy their own spin off company. Covered in this submission will be examples of how the Linux software project development groups, mobile application development, video game design, and support services can be used in the classroom. These examples will serve as the base for any additions or changes in curriculum development, and design to aid institutions in deploying innovative programs in technology entrepreneurship to STEM students.

Published papers rarely disclose implementation details. In this paper we show how such details can account for speedups of up to a factor of 28 for different implementations of the same algorithm. We perform an in-depth analysis of the most popular benchmark in heuristic search: the 15-puzzle. We study implementation choices in C++ for both IDA* and A* using the Manhattan distance heuristic. Results suggest that several optimizations deemed critical in folklore provide only small improvements while seemingly innocuous choices can play a large role. These results are important for ensuring that the correct conclusions are drawn from empirical comparisons

This paper is a summary of “What DNS Is Not”, a paper written by Paul Vixie, who is an American computer scientist and internet hall of fame. His technical contributions include Domain Name System (DNS) protocol design and procedure, mechanisms to achieve operational robustness of DNS implementations, and significant contributions to open source software principles and methodology. This review is originally published in Queue vol. 7, no. 10. And it draws upon mostly about the abuses of the Domain Name Server system. The author also discusses how much of DNS misuse can be prevented, what kind of solutions might be proposed, and what potential future improvements can be aimed. The purpose of this paper summary is to give the reader a brief overview of the original paper without changing the purpose, content and meaning of the article.