Environmental Planning

This paper outlines the national approach to stormwater management in Malaysia, and evolving implementation practices by State and Local government authorities. The process of departing from the traditional, monodisciplinary approach is currently going on in Malaysia. Goals of stormwater management have already shifted from the traditional storm drainage and "end of pipe" approaches towards sustainable ecological solutions more in peace with nature. The new approach is based on a deeper understanding of the cyclicity of material and energy flows in nature. The research focused on new concepts for the urban stormwater runoff and the water quality management based on integrated stormwater solutions. The USM Engineering campus is a pilot project for urban stormwater management strategy as an example of an ecologically sustainable development based approach to urban stormwater management. The concept is based on integrating stormwater best management practices into urban plann...

Road construction in Ethiopia is in high demand to meet its short and long term goals in infrastructure development programs. The road network is constructed radiating outwards North-South and East-West direction of the Capital City. Some projects are experiencing weather malady due to changing weather conditions in project locations. The study area of this research was focused on some selected projects in Addis Ababa and Oromia. The research had been addressed the effects of changes in weather in the three project planning phases, namely conception planning, design planning and construction planning. Quantitative research design was used in this study. A literature review was undertaken and the result of which showed that the effects of weather changes are not extensively researched in the construction industry and there are limited references on the effects of weather change within the road construction industry. Sample data were obtained from sixty-three (63) construction practit...

The principal intention of the paper is to describe and comment on the key components of the Marine Coastal Area Act 2011 (“MCAA”) with regard to the commons, customary rights and decision making under the Resource Management Act 1991. During the process of the Marine and Coastal Area Bill through Parliament the author acted for Local Government New Zealand (“LGNZ”). The author advised on policy and legislative review, consultation with the Ministry of Justice and other Crown departments, and submissions to the Maori Affairs Select Committee. Our firm has also acted for local authorities in respect of a number of treaty settlements. Much of the work we have undertaken focuses on the implications of the MCAA, and other proposed settlement legislation, on issues of public interest and local government decision making. In this context the paper finishes by considering first the implications of the MCAA for other marine and coastal area users; secondly a hypothetical case study in which customary rights are implemented; and thirdly the potential influence the MCAA will have on local government decision-making and public participation under future settlement legislation.

The ambition for this inaugural edition of The Oxford Handbook of Megaproject Management is to become the ultimate source for state-of-the-art scholarship in the emerging field of megaproject management. The book offers a rigorous, research-oriented, up-to-date academic view of the discipline based on high-quality data and strong theory. Until lately, the literature in this new field was scattered over a large number of publications and disciplines making it difficult to obtain an overview of the history, key issues, and core readings. Megaproject Planning and Management: Essential Readings, Vols. I-II (2014) assembled the key historical texts in the field. Now the Oxford Handbook of Megaproject Management has been designed to provide the most important contemporary readings. Taken together, the two books are intended to map out the best of what is worth reading in the megaproject management literature, past and present.

This paper describes the methodologies adopted and the results obtained in assessing the groundwater resources of Metro Manila and Metro Cebu. Also some early and recent studies on the aquifer systems in the two metropolis are presented to draw some comparisons on the assessment and data acquisition methods and identify some gaps involved and the improvements needed. Some of the indicators used in assessing groundwater potential and associated problems include storage coefficient, transmissivity, safe yield, and salt water intrusion. The complex and expensive nature of actual field monitoring and analysis has encouraged the use of mathematical models in this study. Specifically, models adopted by NHRC and JICA were used and their respective capabilities, data requirements and modeling results for water balance are described. Although the two models have specific inputs unique to each model and the NHRC model used secondary 9 year data (i.e. 1982-1990) while JICA used one-year actual...

This study was carried out to investigate the landscape segments suitable for agricultural purpose in a volcanic land catena of Kerang Area on the Jos Plateau. A reconnaissance survey of the study area was carried out and three different slope segments were identified, a total of 41 surface soil samples were taken from the three segments using a stratified systematic sampling. These soils were then analyzed for the physical and chemical properties. The result of the analyses revealed that the organic matter, total nitrogen, soil PH and exchangeable (Ca Mg) decline down slope, however, potassium (K) and sodium (Na) increase down slope. Co-efficient of variation of the soil properties for the three different slope segments showed low variability for the upper slope (crest and shoulder), exception being that phosphorus (43.10%) and potassium (41.10%) exhibited moderate variability. At the middle slope, the co-efficient of variation exhibited by soil properties is predominantly moderate, exception being that sodium (75%) varies at high proportion at this slope segment. At the lower slope, majority of the soil properties exhibited low variability. On the other hand, total nitrogen: available phosphorous and potassium have values of co-efficient of variation 23.10%, 65.60% and 23.10% respectively. This indicates that available phosphorus exhibited high variability while total nitrogen and exchangeable potassium have intermediate variability. The between or over all co-efficient or variation for the soil properties are predominantly moderate for most variable except PHH2O (11.80%) and PH Cad2 (10.60%) that have low variability and phosphorous (78%) has high variability. Differences in the degree of variation of soil variables from one segment to another can be attributed to soil erosion as affected by slope, nature of soil parent materials and soil management technique. The study also revealed that some of the properties determining soil fertility (total Nitrogen, Available Phosphorus, organic matter, soil PH and exchangeable cation) decreased from the upper part to the lower part of the landscape, with the exception of potassium, (K) and sodium (Na). Recommendations were put forward on how best to use the landscape of the study for agricultural production.

Parlare dell'autonomia locale come espressione del dualismo stato-cittadino falsa la comprensione del significato stesso di città nella  modernità. Nel passato sono percorse diverse possibilità per bilanciare dominio e rappresentanza.
    • I cittadini sono governati da un autorità o meglio da un oligopolio politico-economico.
    • Lo stato è formato in rappresentanza dei cittadini. Il rapporto fondato sulle rappresentanze, ma non esistono solo rappresentanze istituzionali.
    • I nuovi paradigmi e il dualismo imprese-cittadino? oppure ricchi-poveri? Senza frontiere o con nuove frontiere? Le frontiere invisibili. Il denaro come rappresentazione delle gerarchie sociali.
Temi: Il diritto alla città si trasforma nel diritto a abitare la Terra e nel dovere di curare la Terra.
L’ecologia deve innestarsi nell’urbanistica per comprendere le potenzialità del rapporto umano con l’ambiente.

The reuse of treated wastewater effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is a recent practice in the environmental restoration of marginal areas in combination with tree and shrub planting. In urban areas, an integrated approach to the application of this practice implies (a) reuse of treated domestic wastewater for irrigation of hardy plant species and (b) design of environmentally friendly outdoor landscape including the planting of species acceptable for irrigation with such kind of wastewater. The application of this practice in urban areas is possible through the combined reuse of treated municipal wastewater effluents inside buildings as well as towards the environmental configuration of outdoor spaces in combination with the concurrent planting of hardy plant species and their parallel irrigation with such effluents, within the scope of an integrated, complete reuse. For the successful application of such a plan, it is important to continuously monitor a number of pa...

This book focuses on environmental problems, evaluation and assessment methods, and means of remediation involving urban transportation management. The table of contents lists the following headings: The Challenges of Urban Transportation; Environmental Impacts of Road Transportation; Monitoring and Modelling Urban Environmental Quality; Managing Urban Transportation; Tools for Urban Transportation Management; Current State and Future Visions.

Although public participation is deemed important in South Africa, negative perceptions of its legitimacy are widely acknowledged. Inclusive town-planning processes, as instruments to address inequality, have a significant role in enhancing democracy. This article reports on a study done from a communicative planning perspective, with the aim to investigate the influence of public participation in town planning by means of an analysis of town-planning application procedures between 1992-2008 in the Tlokwe Local Municipality, North-West province, South Africa. The results indicate that only 6% of all commentary on planning applications consists of objections from the public. Technically motivated objections and town-planning firms had the most influence on planning outcomes. This seems to indicate reactive and consultative participation wherein the final decision resides with the local authority. It appears that public participation's idealistic 'feel good' mask does not ...

Landfills are the common method of waste disposal. A closed landfill site can be an eyesore land and cause environmental hazardous impacts on surrounding areas. A sustainable solution for redevelopment of a closed landfill site, returns the land to an attractive and beneficial after-use. This study aim to identify potential sustainable solutions and factors in the redevelopment of closed landfill sites. The paper critically reviews the literature regarding vital understanding of the redevelopment process. The study also analyzed the successful landfill redevelopment projects in a wide range of time and locations to suggest the best end-use option. Additionally, the study offers an approach for integrating the social, economic and environmental benefits through the sustainable redevelopment solution contributing to the universal sustainable development and green built environment.  

Las Evaluaciones de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) surgen en
Estados Unidos por medio de la Ley de Política Pública
Ambiental Nacional (NEPA) en 1970 como un método para
integrar una «racionalidad ambiental» a la política pública y
los procesos burocráticos realizando una evaluación holística
y multidisciplinaria que examina las consecuencias de
acciones de desarrollo previo al mismo. En otras palabras,
la EIA es un componente de un buen gobierno dirigido a
garantizar la protección ambiental, que a su vez incide en
el bienestar y desarrollo de nuestra sociedad. Mediante un
análisis descriptivo, el presente trabajo analizó veintitrés (23)
Declaraciones de Impacto Ambiental realizadas en Puerto Rico
entre los años 2005-2013. Los documentos se examinaron
según las leyes y reglamentos vigentes a nivel local, así como
en la literatura internacional sobre el tema de evaluaciones
ambientales. El análisis demostró algunas incongruencias
entre lo planteado en la literatura y política pública para el buen
gobierno ambiental. Entre estas: la preparación inadecuada de
las EIA; un dominio de lenguaje técnico; la exclusión de factores
de biodiversidad; la minimización mediante lenguaje de los
impactos; descripción muy pobre del medioambiente; análisis
incompleto de los impactos ambientales; metodología clara
ambigua; y una justificación economicista que no considera
realmente los costos y beneficios ambientales de los proyectos
y sus alternativas. [Palabras clave: evaluación de impacto
ambiental, declaración de impacto ambiental (DIA), política
pública ambiental, buen gobierno].

Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) arises in United States through the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in 1970 as a method for integrate an "environmental rationality" into public policy and
bureaucratic processes conducting a holistic evaluation and multidisciplinary that examines the consequences of development actions prior to it. In other words, the EIA is a component of a good government aimed at guarantee environmental protection, which in turn affects the welfare and development of our society. Through a
descriptive analysis, the present work analyzed twenty-three (23)
Environmental Impact Statements made in Puerto Rico
between the years 2005-2013. The documents were examined
according to the laws and regulations in force at the local level, as well as  in the international literature on the subject of evaluations
environmental. The analysis showed some inconsistencies
between what was raised in literature and public policy for good
environmental government Among these: inadequate preparation of
the EIAs; a technical language domain; the exclusion of factors
of biodiversity; the minimization through language of
impacts; very poor description of the environment; analysis
incomplete environmental impacts; clear methodology
ambiguous and an economic justification that does not consider
really the environmental costs and benefits of the projects
and its alternatives. [Keywords: environmental impact assessment
(EIA), environmental impact statement (EIS), environmental policy, good governance].

Road construction in Ethiopia is in high demand to meet its short and long term goals in infrastructure development programs. The road network is constructed radiating outwards North-South and East-West direction of the Capital City. Some projects are experiencing weather malady due to changing weather conditions in project locations. The study area of this research was focused on some selected projects in Addis Ababa and Oromia. The research had been addressed the effects of changes in weather in the three project planning phases, namely conception planning, design planning and construction planning. Quantitative research design was used in this study. A literature review was undertaken and the result of which showed that the effects of weather changes are not extensively researched in the construction industry and there are limited references on the effects of weather change within the road construction industry. Sample data were obtained from sixty-three (63) construction practit...

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El ambiente constituye un marco de análisis del funcionamiento de las ciudades, un modo de definición de los “problemas” a resolver y un nuevo campo para la acción pública. El tema ambiental toma fuerza en el ámbito local bajo la influencia de la difusión internacional del paradigma ecológico y de la toma de consciencia de los riesgos urbanos. Las referencias al medio ambiente refuerzan la protección de la naturaleza y el control de las contaminaciones, pero ofrecen también un marco para reorganizar las modalidades de producción del espacio urbano. El orden jurídico ambiental establece nuevas instituciones y nuevos actores que tienen una influencia creciente en la gestión urbana. Este libro investiga el papel del derecho –considerado como una actividad social– en la construcción de nuevas formas de acción pública urbano-ambiental. Los textos resultan de una investigación multidisciplinaria en los contextos nacionales mexicano y francés, y estudian en cinco ciudades mexicanas (Monterrey, San Luis Potosí, Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo y Ciudad Juárez) la institución del orden jurídico ambiental, el lugar del medio ambiente en la planeación urbana y la movilización del derecho en los conflictos.

Rapid Urbanisation trends worldwide has resulted in 54% of the world population living in urban areas, in 2014 from 39%, in 1980. As per 2014 Revision of World Population Prospects, UN, 2014, India & China are expected to be the largest contributors to the estimated increase in urban population till 2050. Most of the grunt of the population growth is going to be seen on big cities or mega-cities, with Asia to struggle most with estimated 60% of the megacities by 2025, most of them across India and China (13th annual edition of DemographiaWorld Urban Areas, 2017).Amongst the various challenges faced by these megacities, providing developed land (i.e. land with access toinfrastructure facilities) for future developments and city infrastructure within the limited funds available with the city…

This book chapter is an early version of Cugurullo 2018. Although similar in nature, this chapter explores aspects of experimental urbanism, such as the decomposition of the urban fabric of eco-city projects, which are not discussed in its later incarnation in Environment and Planning A.

"It might, at first glance, seem to many that industry and ecology make strange bedfellows. For proponents of sustainable development, however, such a union is crucial. How else are we to make the industries that are so central to modern societies consistent with our visions of a sustainable future?

Linking Industry and Ecology explores the origins, promise, and relevance of the emerging field of industrial ecology. It situates industrial ecology within the broader range of environmental management strategies and concepts, from the practices of pollution prevention through life cycle management, to the more fundamental shift toward dematerialization and ecological design. The book makes a compelling argument for the need to think ecologically to develop innovative and competitive industrial policy.

The contributors to this volume draw on their experience in a variety of disciplines to chart a clear path for industrial ecology. Their work not only affirms what has been learned to date in this nascent field but also provides new insight for a discourse traditionally dominated by natural scientists and engineers, by demonstrating that technologies are socially and politically embedded.

This book will be of interest to educators and students in environmental studies, business management, environmental and industrial engineering, and environmental planning. While many of the examples are drawn from Canada, it will also appeal to readers interested in fostering ecologically sustainable industrial and community development in other industrializing and industrialized nations."

See: http://www.ubcpress.ca/search/title_book.asp?BookID=4527

Environmental planning is a discipline in science. It considers
the current situation and provides methods to achieve a suitable
environment. Then, it could help decision-makers to protect
natural resources and use them appropriately. The future
generation need to live in this planet and we forgot this rule.
The planet full of wastes and pollutions will not be habitable.
All of the continents meet environmental issues and need to
plan, manage, and educate people to understand the situation,
protect their environment, work on clean air, and build their
homes and workplace on a suitable site without dangerous
implications for environment. Natural science is mixed with
our everyday lives. We should train how to live and work.
Could you mind live without oxygen? No, it is not possible.
So, how could the future generation live without oxygen. It is
too uncomfortable to live with a mask with no clean water to
drink. We could not imagine this story for our lives. Could
you? We suggest to join our research to help our planet live.
The methods which could help to achieve a suitable environment
is presented in this special issue.

In P'ungsu, Yoon and his collaborators describe through two parts and sixteen mindfully coordinated chapters the following:

1. A traditional (and inscrutable) East Asian geomancy that was a unique and highly systematized ancient art of selecting auspicious sites and arranging harmonious structures such as graves, houses, and cities on them by evaluating the surrounding landscape and cosmological directions.

2. A unique and comprehensive system of conceptualizing the physical environment that regulated human ecology in traditional Korea by influencing Koreans to select auspicious environments and to build harmonious structures such as graves, houses, and cities on them.

": The medical frontliners during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines are experiencing struggles as they perform their call of duty. To uncover these struggles, this qualitative research made use of the responses of the fifteen medical practitioners including medical doctors, nurses, and health aides in a designated COVID-19 hospital in Davao City, Philippines. Through thematic content analysis, the following struggles were identified: limited supply of food, need to stay away from one's own home, being evicted from the rented apartment, tendency to quit the job, emotional stress and depression, social discrimination, shortage of personal protective equipment, the dearth of manpower specialized on upper respiratory tract cases, and dishonesty and non-cooperation of some patients. The researcher recommends that the government must consider these experiences of the medical frontliners in policy-making for them to sustainably perform their call of duty amidst the risks and threats of COVID-19.

The ambition for this inaugural edition of The Oxford Handbook of Megaproject Management is to become the ultimate source for state-of-the-art scholarship in the emerging field of megaproject management. The book offers a rigorous, research-oriented, up-to-date academic view of the discipline based on high-quality data and strong theory. Until lately, the literature in this new field was scattered over a large number of publications and disciplines making it difficult to obtain an overview of the history, key issues, and core readings. Megaproject Planning and Management: Essential Readings, Vols. I-II (2014) assembled the key historical texts in the field. Now the Oxford Handbook of Megaproject Management has been designed to provide the most important contemporary readings. Taken together, the two books are intended to map out the best of what is worth reading in the megaproject management literature, past and present.