From the ¹Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, California

²Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California

³Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC

⁴Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI

⁵Department of Psychiatry, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Marry Horrigan Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Boston, MA

⁶Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA

⁷Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY.

Received January 22, 2022; revised and accepted March 9, 2022.

Funding/support: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation has grant support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), US Department of Health and Human Services, through the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Nursing Research, and the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health (grants U01NR004061, U01AG012505, U01AG012535, U01AG012531, U01AG012539, U01AG012546, U01AG012553, U01AG012554, U01AG012495, and U19AG063720).

The content of this article is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Nursing Research, the Office of Research on Women's Health, or the NIH.

Financial disclosure/conflicts of interest: N.E.A. reports internal pilot funding from the Wake Forest School of Medicine. H.J. reports money paid to the institution (current) from Merck and Pfizer and from (past) NErre/KaNDy and Que Oncology, money paid to her from Bayer, consulting contracts no longer active from Jazz and Esai, and that her spouse is an employee of Arsenal Biosciences and has an equity stake in Merck Research Labs and Tango Therapeutics. J.M.P. reports money paid to her from (past) Abbvie, Biohaven, Lundbeck advisory board and American Headache Society (travel costs). R.C.T. reports money paid to her from (current) Astellis Pharma, Bayer, Happy Health, and Viva Health, and from (past) Pfizer Inc., Proctor & Gamble, and Virtue Health. The other authors have nothing to report.

Address correspondence to: Ellen B. Gold, PhD, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave., Med Sci 1C, Davis, CA 95616. E-mail: [email protected]