Jihye Kim Scroggins, PhD, RN, is Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York. At the time this research was completed, she was a PhD candidate, Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina.

Karin Reuter-Rice, PhD, CPNP-AC, FCCM, FAAN, is Associate Professor, Duke University School of Nursing and Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.

Debra Brandon, PhD, RN, CNS, FAAN, is Associate Professor, Duke University School of Nursing and Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.

Qing Yang, PhD, is Associate Professor, Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina.

Accepted for publication November 30, 2023.

We appreciate Duke University School of Nursing for supporting the use of virtual network space to securely store and analyze the study data. We thank the principal investigators Lynne Vernon-Feagans, retired from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Ann C. (Nan) Crouter, retired from Pennsylvania State University; and Martha J. Cox, retired from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, who conducted the original study as well as the Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research for the access to the data.

The research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Nursing Research of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number F31NR020572. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.

The de-identified Family Life Project study data were available at the Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research. Duke University Institutional Review Board declaration of research not involving human subjects was obtained (Pro00111036).

The data used for the current study are available at the ICPSR (Reference No. ICPSR 34602; 10.3886/ICPSR34602.v5).

Corresponding author: Jihye Kim Scroggins, PhD, RN, Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 (e-mail: [email protected]).

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.nursingresearchonline.com).