Volume 134, Issue 33 e202206866
Forschungsartikel

Property-Driven Development of Passively Permeable Macrocyclic Scaffolds Using Heterocycles**

Dr. George J. Saunders

Dr. George J. Saunders

Davenport Research Laboratories, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6 Canada

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Prof. Andrei K. Yudin

Corresponding Author

Prof. Andrei K. Yudin

Davenport Research Laboratories, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6 Canada

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First published: 10 June 2022
Citations: 1
**

A previous version of this manuscript has been deposited on a preprint server (https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-nq98h).

Abstract

Passive membrane permeability is a fundamental challenge in the development of bioactive macrocycles. To achieve this objective, chemists have resorted to various strategies, the most common of which is deployment of N-methylated amino acids and/or D-amino acids. Here we investigate the effect of heterocyclic grafts on the passive membrane permeability of macrocycles and report the structural consequences of iterative amino acid replacement by azole rings. Through stepwise substitution of amino acid residues for heterocycles, we show that lipophilicity and PAMPA permeability of a macrocycle can be vastly improved. Overall, changes in permeability do not scale linearly as more heterocycles are incorporated, underscoring the subtleties of conformation-property relationships in this class of molecule. NMR analysis and molecular dynamics simulations provide insights into the structural consequences of the added heterocycles and these frameworks can now be applied as macrocyclic scaffolds for drug discovery.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available in the Supporting Information of this article.

The full text of this article hosted at iucr.org is unavailable due to technical difficulties.