Research Article
State or trait: effects of state optimism on job-related outcomes
Donald H. Kluemper,
Laura M. Little,
Timothy DeGroot,
Corresponding Author
Donald H. Kluemper
Rucks Department of Management, E. J. Ourso School of Business, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S.A.
Rucks Department of Management, E. J. Ourso School of Business, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorLaura M. Little
Department of Management, Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A.
Search for more papers by this authorTimothy DeGroot
Department of Management, Dillard College of Business Administration, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, U.S.A.
Search for more papers by this author
Donald H. Kluemper,
Laura M. Little,
Timothy DeGroot,
Corresponding Author
Donald H. Kluemper
Rucks Department of Management, E. J. Ourso School of Business, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S.A.
Rucks Department of Management, E. J. Ourso School of Business, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorLaura M. Little
Department of Management, Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A.
Search for more papers by this authorTimothy DeGroot
Department of Management, Dillard College of Business Administration, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, U.S.A.
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
State optimism was hypothesized to be significantly related to six organizationally relevant outcomes above and beyond the effect of trait optimism. Moreover, state optimism was hypothesized to have effects on these six outcomes beyond the effects of positive and negative affect. Conversely, trait optimism was expected to be unrelated to the six outcome variables when controlling for state optimism as well as when controlling for affect. These hypotheses were tested with two samples. First, 772 undergraduate students were assessed to determine the impact of state versus trait optimism on task performance in the form of course grade. From this sample, the 261 students working at least 20 hours per week were similarly assessed with regard to work related distress, burnout, affective commitment, and job satisfaction. Then, a field sample of 106 employees assessed distress, burnout, affective commitment, job satisfaction, and supervisor rated task and contextual job performance. Results indicate state optimism (but not trait optimism) is a potentially powerful indicator of important organizational outcomes, even after controlling for the effects of positive and negative affect. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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