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Genetic polymorphism and plant growth promotion traits of potent fungal entomopathogens of rice leaf folder

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Abstract

Entomopathogenic fungal biocides are preferred for environment friendly sustainable management of insect pests due to their host specificity and harmlessness to non-target insects. Plant growth promotion (PGP) functions of the entomofungi are also important attributes but hitherto insignificantly explored. Therefore, virulence of 17 natural fungal entomocides (Cordyceps, Beauveria, Metarhizium, Nomuraea, Fusarium, Verticillium, Trichoderma and Paecilomyces spp.) were evaluated for pathogenicity against five rice pests (brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens) and green leaf hopper (Nephotettix virescens) nymphs, leaf folder (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis) and yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas) larvae and swarming caterpillar (Spodoptera mauritia), respectively), and PGP traits of the potent leaf folder pathogens. Among the fungi, only the leaf folder pathogens (3 isolates each of Beauveria and Metarhizium spp.) infected > 50% (80–90%) larvae but other fungi were ineffective as infected < 50% (0–47%) insects. Besides, the leaf folder pathogens exhibited diverse PGP traits such as organic/inorganic phosphate solubilization (104.7–236.4 µg/ml), and siderophore, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), indole production etc. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), simple sequences repeat (SSR) and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) analysis ascertained strain identity and genetic (inter and intra-specific) diversity among the potent biocides Beauveria and Metarhizium spp. The virulent natural fungal pathogens of rice pests with polyvalent PGP traits may be prospected for rice growth promotion and biocontrol of leaf folder.

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Funding

All India Coordinated Research Projects (AICRP), AICRP on Micronutrient, AICRP, ICAR, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AICRP on Micronutrient, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India

    Jyotirmayee Das

  2. Microbiology Laboratory, Division of Crop Production, National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India

    Biswajit Sahoo & Tushar Kanti Dangar

  3. School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, 752050, India

    Madhusmita Panigrahy

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J.D. and T.K.D. designed the manuscript. B.S. and J.D. performed experiments. M.P. corrected the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the manuscript. Both authors (J.D and T.K.D.) are corresponding authors.

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Correspondence to Jyotirmayee Das or Tushar Kanti Dangar.

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Communicated by Kandasamy Saravanakumar.

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Das, J., Sahoo, B., Panigrahy, M. et al. Genetic polymorphism and plant growth promotion traits of potent fungal entomopathogens of rice leaf folder. Arch Microbiol 205, 216 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-023-03552-6

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