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A Systematic Review of Normative Data for Verbal Fluency Test in Different Languages

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Abstract

Verbal fluency tests are easy and quick to use in neuropsychological assessments, so they have been counted among the most classical tools in this context. To date, several normative data for verbal fluency tests have been provided in different languages and countries. A systematic review was carried out with studies that provide normative data for verbal fluency tests. Studies were collected from Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science. 183 studies were retrieved from the database search, of which 73 finally met the inclusion criteria. An analysis of the risk of bias regarding samples selection/characterization and procedure/results reports is conducted for each article. Finally, a full description of the normative data characteristics, considering country and language, verbal fluency task characteristics (type of task) and sample characteristics (number of subjects, gender, age, education) is included. The current systematic review provides an overview and analysis of internationally published normative data that might help clinicians in their search for valid and useful norms on verbal fluency tasks, as well as updated information about qualitative aspects of the different options currently available.

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Funding

Lucía Torres-Simon is supported by a predoctoral researcher grant from Universidad Complutense de Madrid (CT42/18-CT43/18) and co-founded by Santander Bank.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Dolores Villalobos, Lucia Torres-Simón, Javier Pacios, Nuria Paúl & David del Río

  2. Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Dolores Villalobos, Lucia Torres-Simón, Javier Pacios & David del Río

  3. Department of Psychology, Cardenal Cisneros University Center, Alcalá de Henares University. Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Dolores Villalobos

  4. European Neuroscience Center, Madrid, Spain

    Dolores Villalobos

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  1. Dolores Villalobos
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  2. Lucia Torres-Simón
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  3. Javier Pacios
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  4. Nuria Paúl
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  5. David del Río
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Contributions

Dolores Villalobos: Conceptualization, Writing, Formal Analysis, Project Administration. Lucía Torres-Simón: Formal analysis, Writing, Methodology. Nuria Paúl: Writing, Supervision. Javier Pacios: Conceptualization, Writing, Supervision. David del Río: Conceptualization, Writing, Formal Analysis, Supervision.

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Correspondence to David del Río.

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Annexs

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Table 7 Some articles not published in English
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Table 8 Risk of bias items and criteria explanation
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Villalobos, D., Torres-Simón, L., Pacios, J. et al. A Systematic Review of Normative Data for Verbal Fluency Test in Different Languages. Neuropsychol Rev 33, 733–764 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-022-09549-0

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