Book contents
-
Frontmatter
-
Contents
-
List of contributors
-
Preface
-
Acknowledgements
- 1
Speciation and patterns of biodiversity
- 2
On the arbitrary identification of real species
- 3
The evolutionary nature of diversification in sexuals and asexuals
- 4
The poverty of the protists
- 5
Theory, community assembly, diversity and evolution in the microbial world
- 6
Limits to adaptation and patterns of biodiversity
- 7
Dynamic patterns of adaptive radiation: evolution of mating preferences
- 8
Niche dimensionality and ecological speciation
- 9
Progressive levels of trait divergence along a ‘speciation transect’ in the Lake Victoria cichlid fish Pundamilia
- 10
Rapid speciation, hybridization and adaptive radiation in the Heliconius melpomene group
- 11
Investigating ecological speciation
- 12
Biotic interactions and speciation in the tropics
- 13
Ecological influences on the temporal pattern of speciation
- 14
Speciation, extinction and diversity
- 15
Temporal patterns in diversification rates
- 16
Speciation and extinction in the fossil record of North American mammals
-
Index
-
Plate section
- References
11 - Investigating ecological speciation
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Speciation and patterns of biodiversity
- 2 On the arbitrary identification of real species
- 3 The evolutionary nature of diversification in sexuals and asexuals
- 4 The poverty of the protists
- 5 Theory, community assembly, diversity and evolution in the microbial world
- 6 Limits to adaptation and patterns of biodiversity
- 7 Dynamic patterns of adaptive radiation: evolution of mating preferences
- 8 Niche dimensionality and ecological speciation
- 9 Progressive levels of trait divergence along a ‘speciation transect’ in the Lake Victoria cichlid fish Pundamilia
- 10 Rapid speciation, hybridization and adaptive radiation in the Heliconius melpomene group
- 11 Investigating ecological speciation
- 12 Biotic interactions and speciation in the tropics
- 13 Ecological influences on the temporal pattern of speciation
- 14 Speciation, extinction and diversity
- 15 Temporal patterns in diversification rates
- 16 Speciation and extinction in the fossil record of North American mammals
- Index
- Plate section
- References
Summary
Ecological speciation
Across the years, biological thought on the causal associations between ecological factors and species formation has evolved from an initially implicit to an increasingly explicit level of recognition. Darwin (1859) recognized that adaptation to divergent environments via natural selection promoted the formation of new ‘kinds’. Shortly thereafter, Benjamin Walsh (1864) offered prescient insights on the relationship between host-plant-associated divergence, interbreeding and species status in herbivorous insects (see also Bates (1862) for related inferences). Dobzhansky (1937) and Mayr (1942) later more explicitly invoked the reproductive isolation between populations as the defining characteristic of ‘biological species’, the concept adopted for this chapter. Simpson (1944, 1953) noted the association of ecological shifts with increased species diversity in ‘adaptive radiations’. However, the questions of why and how why access to novel resources should promote the reproductive isolation required for increased speciation were long treated as a black box. Other workers of the synthesis provided verbal models that – with varying degrees of explicitness – illuminated this box. These models described how divergent adaptation might be expected to incidentally yield reproductive isolation between populations from different environments as a byproduct (Mayr 1942, 1947; Muller 1942; Dobzhansky 1951). This might occur via the pleiotropic effects of selected loci, or the direct effects of loci in linkage disequilibrium with them, on reproductive barriers.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
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Speciation and Patterns of Diversity , pp. 195 - 218Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2009
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