RESEARCH ARTICLE
Ecological and biogeographic processes drive the proteome evolution of snake venom
Tuany Siqueira-Silva,
Luiz Antônio Gonzaga de Lima,
Jônatas Chaves-Silveira,
Talita Ferreira Amado,
Julian Naipauer,
Pablo Riul,
Pablo Ariel Martinez,
Corresponding Author
Tuany Siqueira-Silva
PIBi Lab – Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
Correspondence
Tuany Siqueira-Silva, Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Department of Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n - Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão - SE, 49100-000, Brazil.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorLuiz Antônio Gonzaga de Lima
PIBi Lab – Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJônatas Chaves-Silveira
PIBi Lab – Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorTalita Ferreira Amado
BioMa – Biodiversity and Macroecology Lab, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorJulian Naipauer
UM-CFAR/ Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally induced AIDS-Malignancies, Tumor Biology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Miami Center for AIDS Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
Search for more papers by this authorPablo Riul
Deptartamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorPablo Ariel Martinez
PIBi Lab – Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
Search for more papers by this author
Tuany Siqueira-Silva,
Luiz Antônio Gonzaga de Lima,
Jônatas Chaves-Silveira,
Talita Ferreira Amado,
Julian Naipauer,
Pablo Riul,
Pablo Ariel Martinez,
Corresponding Author
Tuany Siqueira-Silva
PIBi Lab – Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
Correspondence
Tuany Siqueira-Silva, Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Department of Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n - Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão - SE, 49100-000, Brazil.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorLuiz Antônio Gonzaga de Lima
PIBi Lab – Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJônatas Chaves-Silveira
PIBi Lab – Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorTalita Ferreira Amado
BioMa – Biodiversity and Macroecology Lab, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorJulian Naipauer
UM-CFAR/ Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally induced AIDS-Malignancies, Tumor Biology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Miami Center for AIDS Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
Search for more papers by this authorPablo Riul
Deptartamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorPablo Ariel Martinez
PIBi Lab – Laboratório de Pesquisas Integrativas em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Aim
The emergence of venom is an evolutionary innovation that favoured the diversification and survival of snakes. The composition of snake venoms is known in detail from venom gland proteomic data. However, there is still a gap of knowledge about the forces that lead to the expression of different toxins in different proportions in the venom cocktail across space and time.
Location
World.
Time period
Modern.
Major taxa studied
Elapidae and Viperidae.
Methods
We integrated proteomic data with phylogenetic comparative methods to understand how ecological and biogeographic processes drive the evolution of snake venom.
Results
We observed that more productive environments favour a more complex venom, with more toxins in similar proportions. We found that taxa that live on islands, where there is lower variability of resources, tended to present less complex venom dominated by few toxins. In such cases, the extent of an island's isolation seems to be a relevant factor for faster fixation of specific venom compositions.
Main conclusion
We show that ecological and biogeographic processes, which can act differentially over time and space, affect the gene expression of toxins in snake venoms.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data supporting the results are available via Dryad: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.nzs7h44qs
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| geb13359-sup-0001-Supinfo.docxWord document, 193.8 KB | Supplementary Material |
| geb13359-sup-0002-FigS1.pdfPDF document, 37.5 KB | Fig S1 |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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