Psychosocial and Culturally-Specific Factors Related to Intimate Partner Violence Victimization among a Sample of Latino Sexual Minority Cis Men in the U.S.
Abstract
A growing body of research illustrates that sexual minority men (SMM) experience elevated rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) compared to heterosexual individuals. Researchers have examined the relationship between minority stress and IPV victimization among sexual minority men. A majority of the IPV research identifying risk factors associated with IPV victimization among SMM have sampled predominately non-Hispanic White SMM, while Latino SMM are consistently under-represented in IPV research. This study examines the associations between (1) co-occurring psychosocial factors (e.g., depression, anxiety, childhood sexual abuse, drug use, and problematic drinking) and (2) Latino-specific minority stress factors (e.g., U.S.-born, language, race/ethnic identities, and discrimination) on IPV victimization in a nationwide sample of Latino SMM. Data were collected from Latino SMM aged 18 or older, identified as cis-male, and in a romantic relationship with a cis-male partner (N = 530). The participants were recruited through social media and geo-location-based dating mobile applications. A majority (72%) of the sample reported IPV victimization in their lifetime. Specific to forms of IPV, more than half (51.9%) of the sample reported monitoring behaviors, while 49.6% reported emotional IPV, 45.1% reported physical IPV, 31.5% reported controlling behaviors, and 22.3% reported HIV-related IPV. In multivariable models, psychosocial and Latino-specific factors were associated with the increased likelihood of IPV victimization. Regarding Latino-specific factors, being born in the U.S. and race-based discrimination predicted IPV victimization. These findings highlight the extent to which minority stress elevates the risk of IPV for Latino SMM and point to the need to address social factors in IPV prevention services. Further, work on SMM IPV victimization tends to focus on the potential role of sexual orientation-related discrimination, whereas the current study points to the importance of race-based discrimination.
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Biographies
Gabriel Robles, PhD, LCSW, is an Assistant Professor at the Rutgers University School of Social Work and the Chancellor’s Scholar for Inclusive Excellence in Sexual and Gender Minority Health. His research focuses on interpersonal, community, and institutional sources of support in the health of Latinx sexual and gender minorities. He is interested in examining the heterogeneity of Latinx populations in the U.S. to improve and tailor service mechanisms in accessing healthcare system.
Stephen C. Bosco, MA is a graduate research assistant and a Ph.D. candidate in the Health Psychology and Clinical Science program at The Graduate Center of the City University of New York. His research focuses on experiences of intimate partner violence within the context of same-sex male couples. He is interested how these events impact the health and well-being of SMM to develop a tailored intervention for treatment.
Joletta Hostetter, MSW, is a graduate research assistant at the Rutgers University School of Social Work. She is interested in integrating behavioral health in primary care settings to improve access to care for underserved populations.
Iris Cardenas, MSW, LSW, is a Ph.D. candidate at the Rutgers University School of Social Work. Her research focuses on intimate partner violence among diverse individuals, specifically with the Latinx population. Her research interest also includes increasing help-seeking behaviors of survivors of partner violence and the provision of culturally concordant interventions.
Tyrel J. Starks, PhD, is an Associate Professor of psychology at Hunter College of the City University of New York. His research focuses on the development of behavioral interventions to reduce drug use and improve HIV-related outcomes among SMM, with a particular emphasis on factors unique to the occurrence of these behaviors among men in relationships with other men.
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Article first published online: February 15, 2022
Issue published: December 2022
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PubMed: 35166599
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This article was published in Journal of Interpersonal Violence.
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