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First published online April 3, 2009

“Boys Will Be Boys” and Other Gendered Accounts: An Exploration of Victims' Excuses and Justifications for Unwanted Sexual Contact and Coercion

Karen G. WeissView all authors and affiliations
Volume 15, Issue 7
https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801209333611

Abstract

An examination of 944 victim narratives from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) finds that one in five women who reveal an incident of sexual victimization to the NCVS excuse or justify their situations, largely by drawing on social vocabularies that suggest male sexual aggression is natural, normal within dating relationships, or the victim's fault. The study's findings substantiate the influence that rape myths and gender stereotypes have on victims' perceptions of their own unwanted sexual situations and demonstrate the ways in which cultural language delimits victims' recognition of sexual victimization as crime and inhibits reporting to the police.

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1.
1. The term victim is used to refer to anyone who acknowledges a situation of victimization, regardless of whether they consider the incident to be a crime, identify as a crime victim, or report the incident to the police.
2.
2. Sykes and Matza (1957) use the term techniques of neutralization to refer to the various rationalizations employed by individuals engaged in deviant behavior to deflect blame and avoid negative consequences. Scott and Lyman (1968) borrow considerably from this earlier work.
3.
3. Rape convictions up until recently required evidence of victims' resistance based on the idea that women did not know what they wanted, did not say what they meant, and were intentionally dishonest. It was not until the 1980s that rape reform legislation modified resistance requirements (Estrich, 1987).
4.
4. The NCVS survey instrument was revised in 1992, due in part to criticisms that questions regarding sexual victimization and intimate partner violence were too limited (Bachman & Saltzman, 1995).
5.
5. The distinction between classifying and nonclassifying cases is primarily determined by whether a respondent acknowledges within a series of structured questions that she has experienced an attack, attempted attack, or threat of attack. When respondents answer “no” to this sequence of questions, incidents are coded as unwanted sexual contacts, a category that falls outside the range of classifying crimes and is thus excluded from reported sexual assault rates published in BJS statistical reports. For more detail on the process and descriptions of nonclassifying sexual incidents, see Weiss (2004, 2006).

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Published In

Volume 15, Issue 7
Pages: 810 - 834
Article first published online: April 3, 2009
Issue published: July 2009

Keywords

  1. excuses
  2. gender stereotypes
  3. justifications
  4. rape myths
  5. sexual victimization

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PubMed: 19346446

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Karen G. Weiss
West Virginia University
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