An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely... more
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
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An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely... more
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
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In the last decade, a number of methods using various copper complexes and salts to carry out cross-coupling reactions leading to the formation of Cheteroatom (CN, CO, CS, CP, CSe), CC, and Cmetal bonds have been proposed. These methods... more
In the last decade, a number of methods using various copper complexes and salts to carry out cross-coupling reactions leading to the formation of Cheteroatom (CN, CO, CS, CP, CSe), CC, and Cmetal bonds have been proposed. These methods aim at overcoming the deficiencies of conventional copper-assisted substitution methods (Ullmann chemistry) due to dramatic softening of reaction conditions, extension of
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Iodobenzene and substituted iodobenzenes can be easily carbonylated into benzoic acids under mild conditions, with simple palladium salts as catalysts and normal pressure of CO, by using aqueous microemulsions of the oil-in-water kind as... more
Iodobenzene and substituted iodobenzenes can be easily carbonylated into benzoic acids under mild conditions, with simple palladium salts as catalysts and normal pressure of CO, by using aqueous microemulsions of the oil-in-water kind as the reaction media. Surfactants of all three kinds, anionic, nonionic, and cationic, and simple aliphatic alcohols can be used to form the microemulsion media for carbonylation.
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The mono- and polybromination of benzene, halogenobenzenes, toluene, p-xylene, anisole, biphenyl, benzotrifluoride, benzoic acid, p-nitro- and p-carboxytoluene, p-methoxybenzonitrile, tetralin, and naphthalene were studied in... more
The mono- and polybromination of benzene, halogenobenzenes, toluene, p-xylene, anisole, biphenyl, benzotrifluoride, benzoic acid, p-nitro- and p-carboxytoluene, p-methoxybenzonitrile, tetralin, and naphthalene were studied in trifluoroacetic acid and its aqueous solutions in systems containing stoichiometric amounts of bromine or alkali-metal bromide and stoichiometric or catalytic (in the presence of oxygen or air) amounts of nitrogen-containing oxidizing agent (nitrogen(IV) oxide, alkali-metal nitrate or nitrite). It is suggested that the brominating agent under the investigated conditions is nitryl bromide NOâBr. Under the conditions of catalytic bromination anthracene is oxidized to anthraquinone with a preparative yield.
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A study was carried out on the oxidation of benzene and halobenzenes by Co(III) and Mn(III) acetates in the presence of alkali metal chlorides and bromides in CFâCOâH and its aqueous solutions (10-33 vol. % HâO). The optimal water content... more
A study was carried out on the oxidation of benzene and halobenzenes by Co(III) and Mn(III) acetates in the presence of alkali metal chlorides and bromides in CFâCOâH and its aqueous solutions (10-33 vol. % HâO). The optimal water content in the solution is a function both of the nature of the metal oxidizing agent and the aromatic substrate. The reaction presumably proceeds through the formation of an aromatic radical-cation which then reacts with the halide anion. The oxidative chlorination of bromobenzene is complicated by ipso substitution and bromine redistribution. Phenyl iodosodichloride may be isolated in preparative yield in the chlorination of iodobenzene. In other cases, variation of the reaction conditions may give high yields of the corresponding chlorine and bromine derivatives. The feasibility of polychlorination was studied. Possible reaction mechanisms were considered.
The oxidation of toluene and para-substituted toluenes with electron-withdrawing groups (p-toluic acid, methyl p-toluate, and p-nitrotoluene) by ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate and ammonium cerium(IV) sulfate was investigated in aqueous... more
The oxidation of toluene and para-substituted toluenes with electron-withdrawing groups (p-toluic acid, methyl p-toluate, and p-nitrotoluene) by ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate and ammonium cerium(IV) sulfate was investigated in aqueous solutions of trifluoroacetic acid in the presence of alkali-metal chlorides and bromides. The rate and selectivity of oxidative halogenation in the side chain and/or aromatic ring under the investigated conditions depends strongly both on the nature of the substrate and the halide ion and on the reaction conditions and the ligand environment of the cerium(IV) atom. The oxidation of nitrotoluene takes place only in the presence of the bromide-containing systems and leads to the production of 4-nitrobenzyl bromide. For the other substrates halogenation in the aromatic ring can be realized with yields close to quantitative with ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate as oxidizing agent in concentrated aqueous solutions of trifluoroacetic acid (less than or equal to 10 ...
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Mixtures of the chlorides and nitrates of alkali metals in aqueous trifluoroacetic acid can be used for the selective oxidative chlorination of benzene, halogenobenzenes, toluene, and p-toluic acid with preparative yields. By variation of... more
Mixtures of the chlorides and nitrates of alkali metals in aqueous trifluoroacetic acid can be used for the selective oxidative chlorination of benzene, halogenobenzenes, toluene, and p-toluic acid with preparative yields. By variation of the water content of the solvent and the nitrate-chloride ratio it is possible to suppress the nitration side reaction. In the presence of oxygen or air alkali-metal nitrites can also be used as oxidizing agents in this process. The chlorinating agent in these systems is molecular chlorine, as confirmed by a comparative study of the reactions of two groups of potential chlorinating agents (nitrosyl chloride and nitryl chloride) under these conditions. The reactions of naphthalene and polymethylbenzenes with nitrosyl chloride in trifluoroacetic acid, leading to the products from chlorination and dehydrooligomerization of the aromatic substrates, were also studied.
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The oxidation of benzyl alcohols, benzhydrols, and secondary aliphatic alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compound by alkali-metal and ammonium nitrates and nitrites in aqueous solutions of trifluoroacetic acid was studied. Molecular... more
The oxidation of benzyl alcohols, benzhydrols, and secondary aliphatic alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compound by alkali-metal and ammonium nitrates and nitrites in aqueous solutions of trifluoroacetic acid was studied. Molecular nitrogen was detected in the gaseous reaction products, and this made it possible to interpret the mechanism as hydride transfer with the formation of nitrosyl hydride HNO. In the presence of oxygen the oxidation of the alcohols can be realized with a catalytic amount of nitrate. The possibilities and limitations of the catalytic version of the reaction are discussed.
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The direct iodination of benzene, halogenobenzenes, and p-methoxycarbonyltoluene in trifluoroacetic acid and its aqueous solutions with iodine or alkali-metal iodides was studied in the presence of Co(III) and Mn(III) acetates and... more
The direct iodination of benzene, halogenobenzenes, and p-methoxycarbonyltoluene in trifluoroacetic acid and its aqueous solutions with iodine or alkali-metal iodides was studied in the presence of Co(III) and Mn(III) acetates and ammonium cerium(IV) sulfate, which make it possible to obtain the respective iodoarenes with high yields under mild conditions. In the case of toluene the reaction is complicated by the formation of ..cap alpha..-oxidation products. It is assumed that the iodinating agent is trifluoroacetyl hypoiodite, formed as a result of the oxidation of the iodine by the salt of the metal having variable valence. The highest yields of the iodoarenes were obtained with 90% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid.
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Inventor(s): Cheprakov Andrej Vladimirovich (RU), Filatov Mikhail Anatol'evich (RU), Lukashev Nikolaj Vadimovich (RU), Malevannaja Natalija Nikolaevna (RU) (73) Proprietor(s): Nekommercheskoe nauchno-proizvodstvennoe partnerstvo... more
Inventor(s): Cheprakov Andrej Vladimirovich (RU), Filatov Mikhail Anatol'evich (RU), Lukashev Nikolaj Vadimovich (RU), Malevannaja Natalija Nikolaevna (RU) (73) Proprietor(s): Nekommercheskoe nauchno-proizvodstvennoe partnerstvo "NEhST M" (RU), Cherpakov Andrej Vladimirovich (RU), Filatov Mikhail Anatol'evich (RU), Lukashev Nikolaj Vadimovich (RU), Malevannaja Natalija Nikolaevna (RU) (54) METHOD FOR PREPARING 24-EPIBRASSINOLIDE (57) Abstract: FIELD: organic chemistry of steroids, chemical technology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the improved method for preparing chemical compounds of steroid order, namely, to a method for preparing epibrassinolide representing (22R,23R,24R)-2 α,3α,22,23-tetrahydroxy-B-homo-7-oxa-5α-ergostane-6-one and relating to biologically active substance -a phytostimulator regulating growth of plants. Method involves the successive carrying out the following stages: a) synthesis of ergosterol mesylate by treatment of ergosterol with methan...
OF INVENTION (21), (22) Application: 2005137833/04, 06.12.2005 (24) Effective date for property rights: 06.12.2005 (45) Date of publication: 20.02.2007 Bull. 5 Mail address: 119899, Moskva, Leninskie gory, MGU, Khimicheskij fakul'tet,... more
OF INVENTION (21), (22) Application: 2005137833/04, 06.12.2005 (24) Effective date for property rights: 06.12.2005 (45) Date of publication: 20.02.2007 Bull. 5 Mail address: 119899, Moskva, Leninskie gory, MGU, Khimicheskij fakul'tet, komn.215, A.V.Cherpakovu (72) Inventor(s): Cheprakov Andrej Vladimirovich (RU), Filatov Mikhail Anatol'evich (RU) (73) Proprietor(s): OOO "EhSTERKEM" (RU) (54) METHOD FOR REDUCTION OF UNSATURATED KETONES TO SATURATED KETONES (57) Abstract: FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for synthesis of saturated ketones from corresponding unsaturated compounds (enones) using sodium dithionite as a reducing agent in an aqueous-organic medium based on surface-active substances. Method is carried out by reduction of unsaturated ketones of the general formula (I): to saturated ketones of the general formula (II): wherein
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ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select... more
ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
meso-Diaryltetrabenzo(opp)diazaporphyrins are made readily available via Curtius rearrangement of azidocarbonyl derivatives of meso-aryldibenzodipyrromethenes, readily generated with or without isolation from tert-butoxycarbonyl... more
meso-Diaryltetrabenzo(opp)diazaporphyrins are made readily available via Curtius rearrangement of azidocarbonyl derivatives of meso-aryldibenzodipyrromethenes, readily generated with or without isolation from tert-butoxycarbonyl derivatives of the same system. The new tetrapyrrolic dyes are isostructural with 5,15-diaryltetrabenzoporphyrins and resemble both phthalocyanines and tetrabenzoporphyrins to afford an interesting new system for optical applications and material research.
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ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full... more
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full... more
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
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ABSTRACT Additives of iodobenzene, para-iodotoluene, and ortho-iodotoluene increase the relative yield of the para isomer in the nitration of toluene, ethylbenzene, and cumene as well as the yield of 4-nitro-o-xylene in the KNO3/CF3CO2H... more
ABSTRACT Additives of iodobenzene, para-iodotoluene, and ortho-iodotoluene increase the relative yield of the para isomer in the nitration of toluene, ethylbenzene, and cumene as well as the yield of 4-nitro-o-xylene in the KNO3/CF3CO2H system.
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ABSTRACT The C–N cross-coupling chemistry intensely developed since the late 1990s has supplied synthesists with an overwhelming number of methods to effectively combine carbon and nitrogen residues. This new chemistry relies on complexes... more
ABSTRACT The C–N cross-coupling chemistry intensely developed since the late 1990s has supplied synthesists with an overwhelming number of methods to effectively combine carbon and nitrogen residues. This new chemistry relies on complexes of mainly two metals, copper and palladium, used as catalysts or stoichiometric agents. The development of new methods has revealed both similarities and differences in the principles used for the design of new catalytic systems and analysis of their reactivity and selectivity. The discussion of cross-coupling chemistry of these two metals can be performed within a common mechanistic paradigm, helping to elucidate the key factors governing the behavior of the transition-metal complexes involved.
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The preparation, X-ray crystal structure and electrochemistry of a new poly-substituted air-stable tetrabenzoporphyrin iron(II) bis-pyridine complex (1) is reported.