Peer influence is generally understood to be one of the primary predictors of crime and delinquency. It is unclear, however, whether the mechanism that connects peer association, endorsement of deviant values, and delinquent behavior applies equally across different age and sex groups. This study examined age- and gender-specific susceptibility to delinquent and prosocial peer influence using a sample of justice-involved individuals. Based on multigroup structural equation modeling, the author found the nexus among peer association, endorsement of deviant values, and violent delinquency varied across gender and age groups. Among adult male respondents, delinquent peers strengthened deviant culture whereas prosocial peers inhibited that culture. Among juvenile respondents, deviant culture was not inhibited by relationships with prosocial peers. The results for adult females showed no significant influence by either delinquent or prosocial peers.
Keywords: endorsement of deviant values; mental health; reentry; the age- and gender-specific effect of peer influence; violent delinquency.