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Prof. Hesham N Mustafa
  • Saudi Arabia, Egypt
  • +966566764762
This study was planned to explore the protective role of curcumin (Cur) against maternal and fetal oxidative stress and cerebral damage induced by lead (Pb) during pregnancy. Positively pregnant female rats were divided into seven groups:... more
This study was planned to explore the protective role of curcumin (Cur) against maternal and fetal oxidative stress and cerebral damage induced by lead (Pb) during pregnancy. Positively pregnant female rats were divided into seven groups: control group, Cur group (300 mg/kg of Cur/b.wt.), DMSO group (50% DMSO), two Pb-treated groups (exposed to 160 and 320 mg/kg b.wt./day of Pb acetate, respectively), and two groups treated with both Pb and Cur (exposed to Pb as previous groups together with 300 mg/kg b.wt./day of Cur). Treatments through oral gavage once a day started from gestation day 1 (GD1) till day 20 (GD20), where the mother rats of different experimental groups were sacrificed to obtain the fetuses. Different chemical parameters were assessed. Brain specimens of mother and fetal groups were processed with examination. The results displayed that Pb administration to pregnant rats resulted in a dose-dependent toxicity for both mothers and fetuses. Also, there was a significant...
Background Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid known for its potent antioxidant properties, has been investigated for its potential in counteracting the harmful effects of lead (Pb) toxicity, which induces apoptosis and oxidative... more
Background Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid known for its potent antioxidant properties, has been investigated for its potential in counteracting the harmful effects of lead (Pb) toxicity, which induces apoptosis and oxidative damage in various human tissues. This study aims to assess the reparative effects of quercetin on lead-induced testicular damage.
The liver is almost unique in its capacity for regeneration after hepatectomy but the exact mechanisms are not yet fully clarified. Antioxidants have been shown to promote liver regeneration after major hepatectomy. The present study... more
The liver is almost unique in its capacity for regeneration after hepatectomy but the exact mechanisms are not yet fully clarified. Antioxidants have been shown to promote liver regeneration after major hepatectomy. The present study evaluated the ameliorative effect of vitamin E administration on the liver regeneration after different periods of partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats. Fifty-six adult male albino rats were divided into three groups: Control sham operated group; partially hepatectomized group which were divided into three subgroups sacrificed at 1day, 3 days and 7days after the operation respectively; Partially Hepatectomized group with vitamin E pretreatment before PH where the rats were given a daily oral dose of vitamin E until the time of sacrifice of the rats. Immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and labeling index were demonstrated. After PH, the PCNA positive hepatocytes and the PCNA labeling indices were significantly high afte...
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has become a useful tool for examining the external characteristics related to various developmental processes in plants. With SEM, the external fractures of a tissue can be observed with a greater depth... more
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has become a useful tool for examining the external characteristics related to various developmental processes in plants. With SEM, the external fractures of a tissue can be observed with a greater depth of field and at a higher magnification and resolution than with light microscopy.
Preparation of biological specimens for Electron Microscopy
Liver ischemia reperfusion is induced during sur-gical procedures like liver transplantation and re-section. Multiple mechanisms have been postulat-ed to liver damage following liver ischemia reperfu-sion injury, such as oxidative stress... more
Liver ischemia reperfusion is induced during sur-gical procedures like liver transplantation and re-section. Multiple mechanisms have been postulat-ed to liver damage following liver ischemia reperfu-sion injury, such as oxidative stress and inflamma-tory reactions. The present study declares the pos-sible mechanism of tadalafil, toward modulating the inflammatory response. Forty-eight rats were divided into 4 groups as follows; Sham group sub-jected to midline laparotomy only. Tadalafil group administered Tadalafil 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal 45 min before sham operation. I/R (Ischemia-reperfusion) group, rats undergo 60 min of hepatic ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Tada-lafil + I/R group rats undergo a similar pattern of I/R after the treatment with Tadalafil 10 mg/kg, 45 min before ischemia. At the end of the reperfusion, the blood samples were collected for estimation of biochemical markers including liver enzymes using colorimetric assay method and serum: TNF-α (tumor...
XXIV International Symposium on Morphological Sciences Abstract Book 3-9-2015
Objective: Natural compounds can act as metal chelators and oxygen free radical scavengers, which allows them to be used as bioactive antagonists to heavy metals neurotoxicity. The aim of the study to analyze the morphometric effects of... more
Objective: Natural compounds can act as metal chelators and oxygen free radical scavengers, which allows them to be used as bioactive antagonists to heavy metals neurotoxicity. The aim of the study to analyze the morphometric effects of Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum) on lead-induced neurotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into four equal groups (ten in each group): control group; coriander group: received aqueous C. sativum extracts (600 mg/kg BW for 60 days orally); lead (Pb) group: received a daily dose of lead acetate (Pb) (10 mg/kg BW for 60 days orally); Pb+ coriandrum group: received: aqueous C. sativum extract (600 mg/kg BW) prior to 10 mg/kg BW of Pb. The following parameters malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured. Layers thickness and nuclei density were analyzed. Results: Lead levels in blood and tissues were decreased significantly in the Pb group and tho...
Background: The anterolateral ligament (ALL) is a true well-defined ligament in the knee first described in 1879 by Segond. After the work of Claes et al., several studies were conducted about biomechanics and its role in stability of the... more
Background: The anterolateral ligament (ALL) is a true well-defined ligament in the knee first described in 1879 by Segond. After the work of Claes et al., several studies were conducted about biomechanics and its role in stability of the knee. The anatomical existence of the ALL has been studied by and various radiographic diagnostic modalities and in cadavers. It originates from lateral femoral epicondyle and is inserted between Gerdy’s tubercle and the fibular head. There has been controversy about the existence of ALL in pediatric patients. The aim of this work was to confirm the presence of ALL in pediatric patients by using MRI. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the knee MRI scans of 100 pediatric patients (ages between one and 12 yr) who had no knee injury or congenital deformity and had been evaluated by an expert radiologist. Results: The ALL was detected in 90% of the pediatric patients with the use of MRI. Conclusions: The main finding of this study was that ALL can be seen in pediatric patients using MRI. Despite numerous studies, additional research is needed to further define the role of the ALL in knee function. Level of Evidence: Level IV.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are systemic inflammatory autoimmune disorders characterized by a large spectrum of clinical and laboratory features. The aim of the present study was to investigate the... more
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are systemic inflammatory autoimmune disorders characterized by a large spectrum of clinical and laboratory features. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible use of serum level of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2Ra) as biomarkers for monitoring of SLE and SSc disease activity. Moreover, it aimed to compare the specificity and sensitivity as well as cut-off value of both biomarkers in a sample of Egyptian patients. 50 SLE patients, 30 SSc patients and 60 age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled in our study. sICAM-1and sIL-2Ra were measured in serum samples obtained from all participants. In addition to Erythosedimentation rate (ESR), complete blood count (CBC), Antineuclearantibodies (ANA) estimation, disease activity of both diseases were also assessed. sICAM-1and sIL-2Ra levels were higher in SLE and SSc patients versus control....
Diabetic patients frequently suffer from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The current study aimed to investigate the role of curcumin and the response of hepatic stellate cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hepatic damage. Sixty male rats... more
Diabetic patients frequently suffer from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The current study aimed to investigate the role of curcumin and the response of hepatic stellate cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hepatic damage. Sixty male rats were divided into three groups. The normal control injected with a citrate buffer vehicle and the diabetic control group which was injected intraperitoneally (IP) with a single-dose of streptozotocin (50mg/kg body weight) and a diabetic group was treated with an oral dose of curcumin at 80 mg/kg body weight daily for 60 days. Curcumin effectively counteracts oxidative stress-mediated hepatic damage and improves biochemical parameters. Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was significantly reduced, and insulin antibodies showed strong positive immunoreactivity with curcumin administration. These results optimistically demonstrate the potential use of curcumin, which is attributed to its antiradical/antioxidant activities and its potential β-cell regene...
Each skeletal muscle has at least two attachments; one at each end. These attachments might be purely tendinous, fleshy, or an admixture of flesh and tendon. The pure tendinous, always leave a smooth mark on the bone, the fleshy ones... more
Each skeletal muscle has at least two attachments; one at each end. These attachments might be purely tendinous, fleshy, or an admixture of flesh and tendon. The pure tendinous, always leave a smooth mark on the bone, the fleshy ones generally leave no mark on the bone, while the rough marks are made where there is an admixture of flesh and tendon
ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess the histological and ultrastructural changes that can be induced by diethylstilbestrol (DES) on renal tissues using histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural methods. Methods: Thirty adult male... more
ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess the histological and ultrastructural changes that can be induced by diethylstilbestrol (DES) on renal tissues using histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural methods. Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups (10 rats each): Group 1 - control; Group 2 - received DES at a dose of 60 μg/kg/day, dissolved in 0.1 ml corn oil for 20 days; and Group 3 - received the same dose of DES for 50 days by oral gavage. The renal tissues were studied histologically, immunohistochemically (using an anti-BCL2-associated X protein [BAX protein] antibody), and ultrastructurally. This study was carried out at the Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between December 2011 and December 2012. Results: The DES administration for 50 days caused noticeable degeneration, and alteration of the morphology of the renal tissues in the form of damaged renal tubules with loss of the brush border of the proximal convoluted tubules and increased cellularity of the glomeruli. In addition, there was a significant increase in BAX protein expression based on immunoreactivity, and in renal tubules, as well as glomerular cells. These changes were less obvious after 20 days of treatment. Conclusion: Non-steroidal, synthetic estrogens showed harmful effects on the renal tissues and altered their morphology with an increased number of apoptotic cells, and these changes were duration dependent.
Acrylamide has several effects toxic and carcinogenic. The current project aimed at exploring the harmful effects of acrylamide on the structure of the stomach, cerebellum and testis in the albino rat, in an attempt to clarify its... more
Acrylamide has several effects toxic and carcinogenic. The current project aimed at exploring the harmful effects of acrylamide on the structure of the stomach, cerebellum and testis in the albino rat, in an attempt to clarify its potential risk on the human health. The stomach, testis and cerebellum specimens were collected form fifty adult male albino rats. The animals were divided into two main groups. Group (I) was subdivided into 3 subgroups, control, Ia that received acrylamide in a dose of 25mg/kg/10days (P.O.) and Ib that received acrylamide in a dose of 25mg/kg/10days (I.P.). Group (II) was subdivided into 3 subgroups, control, IIa that received acrylamide in a dose of 50mg/kg/10days (P.O.) and IIb that received acrylamide in a dose of 50mg/kg/10days (I.P.). At the end of the experiment, all rats were anesthetized using ether inhalation. Specimens from testis, cerebellum and stomach were extracted and processed for light and electron microscopic examination. For the light m...
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Objectives: Acrylamide has several toxic and carcinogenic effects. The current research aimed to study the harmful effects of acrylamide on the structure of the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum in the albino rats, in an attempt to clarify... more
Objectives: Acrylamide has several toxic and carcinogenic effects. The current research aimed to study the harmful effects of acrylamide on the structure of the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum in the albino rats, in an attempt to clarify its potential risk on the human health. Methods: The study was performed at the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia through the years 2008-2010. A daily dose of 50 mg/kg body weight of acrylamide was administrated to adult male albino rats orally and intraperitoneally. Their cerebella were obtained after two and four weeks of acrylamide administration, where serial sagittal sections were stained with H & E, and silver stains and examined microscopically. Results: Rats treated with acrylamide 50 mg/kg body weight for two weeks showed mild degenerative changes in the form of diminished dendrites with less arborization of the Purkinje cells, while rats treated with the same dose/or four weeks sho...
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection is a serious global health problem,with 2 billion people infected worldwide,and 350 million suffering from chronic HBV infection.Being the 10th leading cause of death worldwide,HBV infections result in 0.5... more
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection is a serious global health problem,with 2 billion people infected worldwide,and 350 million suffering from chronic HBV infection.Being the 10th leading cause of death worldwide,HBV infections result in 0.5 to 1.2 million deaths per year caused by chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma.Besides,hepatitis B is a major health problem in Egypt.It was reported that HBV was more prevalent in Upper Egypt (11.7)than in Lower Egypt (8.8). The aim of the present work is to reveal the prevalence of HBV worldwide and in Egypt and to discuss updated clinical issues in the diagnosis and modern modalities of treatment.It was concluded that hopefully,the advent of universal infant vaccination,treatment of all forms of chronic HBV disease,and new screening methods,as well as treatment modalities for HBV induced cirrhosis and liver cancer in the next decade,will enable us to markedly decrease the incidence and prevalence of this worldwide endemic dise...
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Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay has been designed to detect apoptotic cells that undergo extensive DNA degradation during the late stages of apoptosis. The method is based on the ability of... more
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay has been designed to detect apoptotic cells that undergo extensive DNA degradation during the late stages of apoptosis. The method is based on the ability of TdT to label blunt ends of double-stranded DNA breaks independent of a template. This chapter describes an assay for detection of apoptotic cells during mouse odontogenesis using a colorimetric TUNEL system.
This study was designed to address the protective effects of Zingiber officinale on the toxic outcomes of prenatal Cadmium administration on pregnancy outcome. Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups... more
This study was designed to address the protective effects of Zingiber officinale on the toxic outcomes of prenatal Cadmium administration on pregnancy outcome. Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (eight rats/each), control group received distilled water, 2nd group treated with 8.8 mg of CdCl2/kg b. wt, 3rd group treated with 250 mg of Zingiber officinale/kg b. wt, and 4th group treated with 250 mg of Zingiber officinale/kg b. wt, followed by 8.8 mg of CdCl2/kg b.wt. Daily body weight of pregnant was recorded from GD1-GD20, and then pregnant rats were sacrificed at GD20. Samples of maternal and fetal livers and kidneys were processed for histological examination. Administration of Cd to pregnant rats showed adverse effects on pregnant mothers and their fetuses; reduced maternal weight gain, reduced absolute organ weights, reduced fetal growth parameters and placental weights together with altered histological appearance of the maternal and fetal...
Anatomic characterization and fine structure of the human ligamentum flavum (LF), especially at different spinal levels, represent an attractive focus for the scientific and surgical application. Descrip-tive anatomical and structural... more
Anatomic characterization and fine structure of the human ligamentum flavum (LF), especially at different spinal levels, represent an attractive focus for the scientific and surgical application. Descrip-tive anatomical and structural study of LF at the cervical, thoracic and lumbar levels of the vertebral column in human cadavers is carried out here. The aim of the work is to clarify the anatomical features and fine structural differences in the human LF at different vertebral levels (cervical, thoracic and lumbar). Specimens of vertebral column were ob-tained from 34 human preserved cadavers. Their average age ranged between 56 and 69 years. Morphometric parameters including height, width and thickness of the ligament flavum at the mid-levels of cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions were measured. Sections obtained from different levels were stained with different stains. Morpho-metric measurements involved the relative elastic area, relative collagen area, elastic area% and colla...
Objective: Natural compounds can act as metal chelators and oxygen free radical scavengers, which allows them to be used as bioactive antagonists to heavy metals neurotoxicity. The aim of the study to analyze the morphometric effects of... more
Objective: Natural compounds can act as metal chelators and oxygen free radical scavengers, which allows them to be used as bioactive antagonists to heavy metals neurotoxicity. The aim of the study to analyze the morphometric effects of Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum) on lead-induced neurotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into four equal groups (ten in each group): control group; coriander group: received aqueous C. sativum extracts (600 mg/kg BW for 60 days orally); lead (Pb) group: received a daily dose of lead acetate (Pb) (10 mg/kg BW for 60 days orally); Pb+ coriandrum group: received: aqueous C. sativum extract (600 mg/kg BW) prior to 10 mg/kg BW of Pb. The following parameters malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured. Layers thickness and nuclei density were analyzed. Results: Lead levels in blood and tissues were decreased significantly in the Pb group and those findings were corrected significantly (p=0.001) with C. sativum addition. Data exhibited an increase in oxidative stress marker MDA and a decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities (SOD, CAT, and GPx) significantly in the Pb group and those effects were reversed significantly (p=0.001) by C. sativum administration. The cerebellar cortex and all layers of the somatosensory cortex thickness and nuclei density were diminished significantly in the Pb group. The morphometrical measurements were corrected significantly (p=0.001) by C. sativum. Conclusion: From the findings of the current study, Pb caused noticeable structural and functional variations in the cerebellar cortex and somatosensory cortex. C. sativum corrected these parameters as it possesses chelating and antioxidant potentials.
Certificate of Recognition 2020 Journal of Histotechnology (Taylor & Francis)
Certificate of Recognition 2020 Taylor & Francis
Background: The anterolateral ligament (ALL) is a true well-defined ligament in the knee first described in 1879 by Segond. After the work of Claes et al., several studies were conducted about biomechanics and its role in stability of the... more
Background: The anterolateral ligament (ALL) is a true well-defined ligament in the knee first described in 1879 by Segond. After the work of Claes et al., several studies were conducted about biomechanics and its role in stability of the knee. The anatomical existence of the ALL has been studied by and various radiographic diagnostic modalities and in cadavers. It originates from lateral femoral epicondyle and is inserted between Gerdy's tubercle and the fibular head. There has been controversy about the existence of ALL in pediatric patients. The aim of this work was to confirm the presence of ALL in pediatric patients by using MRI.
Background: The mortality rate of elderly patients who sustain a hip fracture is high compared to the general population. Identifying risk factors can help predict patients at risk of hip fracture to reduce the mortality rate. No studies... more
Background:
The mortality rate of elderly patients who sustain a hip fracture is high compared to the general population. Identifying risk factors can help predict patients at risk of hip fracture to reduce the mortality rate. No studies have shown the mortality rate of patients with hip fractures in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with the mortality of patients with hip fractures admitted to the King Abdulaziz Hospital and compare the results with other studies.
Methods:
The mortality rate (within 1 yr or less) in 177 patients over the age of 60 yr who were admitted to the university hospital between July, 2007, and September, 2012, with hip fractures was retrospectively studied. The patients were assessed with regard to gender, age, type of hip fracture, and type of surgical intervention.
Results:
The overall mortality rate 1 yr after hip fracture was 12.43%, and the mean age was 77.77 yr old. The risk factors most associated with mortality were as follows: advanced age (71 to 80 and 81 to 90 yr old), male, peritrochanteric (extracapsular) fracture, and operative fixation with dynamic hip screw.
Conclusions:
The mortality rate of patients with hip fractures within 1 yr has a high-risk potential, especially for male patients over 71 yr of age with peritrochanteric (extracapsular) fractures. Surgical treatment with dynamic hip screw also was shown to be a risk factor between the different treatment options.
Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation Reviewer Certificate 18/12/2019
Background: Clinical testing has demonstrated the role of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) in controlling anterolateral laxity and knee instability at high angles of flexion. Few studies have discussed the association between an anterior... more
Background: Clinical testing has demonstrated the role of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) in controlling anterolateral laxity and knee instability at high angles of flexion. Few studies have discussed the association between an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and ALL injury, specifically after residual internal rotation and a post-ACL reconstruction positive pivot-shift that could be attributed to ALL injury. The goal of this study was to assess the correlation between ALL injury and ALL injury with concomitant ACL injury using MRI.

Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 246 patients with unilateral ACL knee injuries from a database that was reexamined to identify whether ALL injuries occurred in association with ACL injuries. We excluded the postoperative reconstructed cases. The charts were reviewed on the basis of the presence or absence of diagnosed ACL injury with no regard for age or sex.

Results: Of the 246 patients with ACL injury, there were 165 (67.1%) patients with complete tears, 55 (22.4%) with partial tears, and 26 (10.6%) with sprains. There were 176 (71.5%) patients with ALL and associated ACL injuries, whereas 70 (28.5%) did not have associated ACL injuries. There was a significant statistical relationship between ACL and ALL injuries (P<0.0001).

Conclusions: There is high incidence of ALL tears associated with ACL injuries. Clinicians should be aware of this injury and consider the possibility of simultaneous ALL and ACL repair to prevent further knee instability.

Level of Evidence: Level IV.
Anatomic characterization and fine structure of the human ligamentum flavum (LF), especially at different spinal levels, represent an attractive focus for the scientific and surgical application. Descrip-tive anatomical and structural... more
Anatomic characterization and fine structure of the human ligamentum flavum (LF), especially at different spinal levels, represent an attractive focus for the scientific and surgical application. Descrip-tive anatomical and structural study of LF at the cervical, thoracic and lumbar levels of the vertebral column in human cadavers is carried out here. The aim of the work is to clarify the anatomical features and fine structural differences in the human LF at different vertebral levels (cervical, thoracic and lumbar). Specimens of vertebral column were ob-tained from 34 human preserved cadavers. Their average age ranged between 56 and 69 years. Morphometric parameters including height, width and thickness of the ligament flavum at the mid-levels of cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions were measured. Sections obtained from different levels were stained with different stains. Morpho-metric measurements involved the relative elastic area, relative collagen area, elastic area% and collagen area% were measured.The results of the height, width and thickness of the LF at different spinal levels showed gradual increase in their mean values respectively. The LF midline gaps were found in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions. The morphometrical measure-ments showed that the average elastic area was highest in the cervical region and lowest in the tho-racic region. In the lumbar region, the percentages of both elastic area and the collagen area were nearly the same. The characterization of morpho-logical and histological aspects of the LF at differ-ent spinal levels will be of great importance for ap-plications in spinal surgery, biomechanical and physical rehabilitation of vertebral column.

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Leica DM500 Manual_EN
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Leica DM500
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Avidin-Biotin Technical Handbook
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Biocare Product Catalogue
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Microarray – Construction and Quality Assurance
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Molecular Pathology Catalog 2014 - 2015
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2012-2013 Thermo Scientific Immunohistochemistry Solutions
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2014 Leica Biosystems IHC and ISH catalog
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Flow Cytometry Protocols
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Guide to Flow Cytometry 2nd ed
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EndNote X7 QUICK REFERENCE CARD
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EndNote X7 User Guide
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Optika Microscope B-293 and B-290
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Comparative Anatomy, Pathology, Speech Language Pathology, Veterinary Pathology, Electron Microscopy, and 27 more
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Detection of apoptotic cells by TUNEL staining
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Molecular Biology, Biology, Immunohistochemistry, Cell Biology, Apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells, and 19 more
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MSc and Phd Researcher, Almost everything Warwick's researchers work on :-), Researcher mobility, Researcher, Researcher Identity Development, and 27 more
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Electron Microscopy, Microscopy, Multiphoton Microscopy, Fluorescence Microscopy, Atom probe field ion microscopy, and 27 more
Histostaining  Atlas of Special Stains
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Electron Microscopy, Microscopy, Multiphoton Microscopy, Fluorescence Microscopy, Atom probe field ion microscopy, and 27 more
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Immunohistochemical Staining Method
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Immunohistochemical Staining Methods Education Guide - Sixth Edition
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Background Aluminum (AL) is a neurotoxic substance that plays an important role in the etiology, pathogenesis and development of Amyloid-β plaques. This study was carried out to evaluate neuroprotective effect of Aqueous Cinnamon Extract... more
Background Aluminum (AL) is a neurotoxic substance that plays an important role in the etiology, pathogenesis and development of Amyloid-β plaques. This study was carried out to evaluate neuroprotective effect of Aqueous Cinnamon Extract against aluminum chloride (ALCl3)-induced Alzheimer's disease. Materials and methods 40 adult male albino rats, randomly divided into four equal groups. Group I: control; Group 2 were administered 200 mg/kg b. w./day aqueous cinnamon extract (ACE) via oral tube; Group 3: received daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of ALCl3 (100 mg/kg body weight) for 60 days to induce neurotoxicity; Group 4 received a combination of ALCl3 and ACE in the same dose and route as group 2 & 3. Results AL administration significantly enhanced the memory impairment, Aβ burden and the cerebellum exhibited significant reduction in the number of Purkinje cells, marked decrease in the density of dendritic arborization and prominent perineuronal spaces in the molecular layer around basket and stellate cells, loss of dendritic spines, neurofibrillary degeneration and appearance of neuritic plaques. Concomitant administration of ACE with AL displayed an observable protection against these changes with progressive improvement in memory and in intellectual performance. It has also been suggested that the loss of astrocyte functions may precede neurodegeneration and that aluminum could be a contributing factor [1]. Astrocytes are the principal target of the toxic action of aluminum [2] and it can cause astrocyte death through apoptosis [3]. Conclusion: ACE may be considered an efficacious therapeutic strategy to alleviate Amyloid-β plaques. It is recommended that AL not be used in cooking utensils, water tubes, and to control occupational exposure.
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent used for treatment of different cancers and its clinical usage is hindered by the oxidative injury-related cardiotoxicity. This work aims to declare if the harmful effects of DOX on heart can... more
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent used for treatment of different cancers and its clinical usage is hindered by the oxidative injury-related cardiotoxicity. This work aims to declare if the harmful effects of DOX on heart can be alleviated with the use of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) or L-carnitine. The study was performed on seventy two female Wistar albino rats divided into six groups, 12 animals each: Control group; DOX group (10mg/kg); CoQ10 group (200mg/kg); L-carnitine group (100mg/kg); DOX+CoQ10 group; DOX+L-carnitine group. CoQ10 and L-carnitine treatment orally started 5days before a single dose of 10mg/kg DOX that injected intraperitoneally (IP) then the treatment continued for 10days. At the end of the study, serum biochemical parameters of cardiac damage, oxidative stress indices, and histopathological changes were investigated. CoQ10 or L-carnitine showed a noticeable effects in improving cardiac functions evidenced reducing serum enzymes as serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), leptin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Cardiotrophin-1, Troponin-I and Troponin-T. Also, alleviate oxidative stress, decrease of cardiac Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO) and restoring cardiac reduced glutathione levels to normal levels. Both corrected the cardiac alterations histologically and ultrastructurally. With a visible improvements in α-SMA, vimentin and eNOS immunohistochemical markers. CoQ10 or L-carnitine supplementation improves the functional and structural integrity of the myocardium.

KEYWORDS:
Cardiotoxicity; CoQ10 and L-carnitine; Dox; Vimentin; eNOS
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Pharmacology, Human Anatomy (Biology), Evolutionary Biology, Marine Biology, Philosophy of Biology, and 96 more
20th International Conference on Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent used for treatment of different cancers and its clinical usage is hindered by the oxidative injury-related... more
20th International Conference on Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent used for treatment of different cancers and its clinical usage is hindered by the oxidative injury-related cardiotoxicity. This work aims to declare if the harmful effects of DOX on heart can be alleviated with the use of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) or L-carnitine. The study was performed on seventy two female Wistar albino rats divided into six groups, 12 animals each: Control group; DOX group (10mg/kg); CoQ10 group (200mg/kg); L-carnitine group (100mg/kg); DOX+CoQ10 group; DOX+L-carnitine group. CoQ10 and L-carnitine treatment orally started 5days before a single dose of 10mg/kg DOX that injected intraperitoneally (IP) then the treatment continued for 10days. At the end of the study, serum biochemical parameters of cardiac damage, oxidative stress indices, and histopathological changes were investigated. CoQ10 or L-carnitine showed a noticeable effects in improving cardiac functions evidenced reducing serum enzymes as serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), leptin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Cardiotrophin-1, Troponin-I and Troponin-T. Also, alleviate oxidative stress, decrease of cardiac Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO) and restoring cardiac reduced glutathione levels to normal levels. Both corrected the cardiac alterations histologically and ultrastructurally. With a visible improvements in α-SMA, vimentin and eNOS immunohistochemical markers. CoQ10 or L-carnitine supplementation improves the functional and structural integrity of the myocardium.

KEYWORDS:
Cardiotoxicity; CoQ10 and L-carnitine; Dox; Vimentin; eNOS
Research Interests:
Pharmacology, Comparative Anatomy, Human Anatomy (Biology), Biochemistry, Evolutionary Biology, and 150 more
Research Interests:
Human Anatomy (Biology), Evolutionary Biology, Marine Biology, Biological Anthropology, Philosophy of Biology, and 90 more
BACKGROUND: The current study aimed to elucidate the protective role of combined fenugreek and a-tocopherol against cadmium induced histopathological changes in the testes. MATERIALS-METHODS: Thirty adult male albino rats divided into... more
BACKGROUND: The current study aimed to elucidate the protective role of combined fenugreek and a-tocopherol against cadmium induced histopathological changes in the testes. MATERIALS-METHODS: Thirty adult male albino rats divided into three equal groups 10 rats each. Group I is the control group. Group II received 5 mg/kg/ day cadmium chloride. Group III received 5 mg/kg/day cadmium chloride and 150 mg/kg/day fenugreek and 100 mg/kg/ day of a-tocopherol. The treatment of all groups was done by oral gavage for 60 consecutive days. The testes were removed and subjected to histopathological and ultrastructure study. RESULTS: Rats exposed to cadmium showed severe histopathological changes in the testicular spermatogenic series, many vacuoles and multinucleated giant cells. Treatment with fenugreek and a-tocopherol partially improved the morphological changes, reduced tissue damage and rebuilt of the spermatogonia layer. CONCLUSIONS: Fenugreek and a-tocopherol might represent a promising medicinal combination to ameliorate the toxic effects of cadmium exposure.
Research Interests:
Evolutionary Biology, Marine Biology, Military Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Internal Medicine (General Medicine), and 159 more
Diabetic patients frequently suffer from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The current study aimed to investigate the role of curcumin and the response of hepatic stellate cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hepatic damage. Sixty male rats... more
Diabetic patients frequently suffer from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The current study aimed to investigate the role of curcumin and the response of hepatic stellate cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hepatic damage. Sixty male rats were divided into three groups. The normal control injected with a citrate buffer vehicle and the diabetic control group which was injected intraperitoneally (IP) with a single-dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight) and a diabetic group was treated with an oral dose of curcumin at 80 mg/kg body weight daily for 60 days. Results. Curcumin effectively counteracts oxidative stress-mediated hepatic damage and improves biochemical parameters. Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was significantly reduced, and insulin antibodies showed strong positive immunoreactivity with curcumin administration. These results optimistically demonstrate the potential use of curcumin, which is attributed to its antiradical/ antioxidant activities and its potential β-cell regenerative properties. Also, it has the capability to encourage the trans-differentiation of hepatic stellate cells into insulin-producing cells for a period of time. In addition, as it is an anti-fibrotic mediator that inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation and the transition to myofibroblast-like cells, this suggests the possibility of considering curcumin's novel therapeutic effects in reducing hepatic dysfunction in diabetic patients. Body and liver weight of different groups. The mean is given in columns, and error bars represent the standard deviation (SD). Fig. 2 Plasma glucose and insulin of different groups. The mean is given in columns, and error bars represent the standard deviation (SD). Fig. 3 Biochemical parameters of different groups. The mean is given in columns, and error bars represent the standard deviation (SD).
Research Interests:
Emergency Medicine, Internal Medicine (General Medicine), Respiratory Medicine, Sports Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, and 60 more
Research Interests:
Comparative Anatomy, Human Anatomy (Biology), Evolutionary Biology, Marine Biology, Pathology, and 159 more
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent used for treatment of different cancers and its clinical usage is hindered by the oxidative injury-related cardiotoxicity. This work aims to declare if the harmful effects of DOX on heart can... more
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent used for treatment of different cancers and its clinical usage is hindered by the oxidative injury-related cardiotoxicity. This work aims to declare if the harmful effects of DOX on heart can be alleviated with the use of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) or L-carnitine. The study was performed on seventy two female Wistar albino rats divided into six groups, 12 animals each: Control group; DOX group (10 mg/kg); CoQ10 group (200 mg/kg); L-carnitine group (100 mg/kg); DOX + CoQ10 group; DOX + L-carnitine group. CoQ10 and L-carnitine treatment orally started 5 days before a single dose of 10 mg/kg DOX that injected intraperitoneally (IP) then the treatment continued for 10 days. At the end of the study, serum biochemical parameters of cardiac damage, oxidative stress indices, and histopathological changes were investigated. CoQ10 or L-carnitine showed a noticeable effects in improving cardiac functions evidenced reducing serum enzymes as serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), leptin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Cardiotrophin-1, Troponin-I and Troponin-T. Also, alleviate oxidative stress, decrease of cardiac Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO) and restoring cardiac reduced glutathione levels to normal levels. Both corrected the cardiac alterations histologically and ultrastructurally. With a visible improvements in α-SMA, vimentin and eNOS immunohistochemical markers. In conclusion, CoQ10 or L-carnitine supplementation improves the functional and structural integrity of the myocardium.
Research Interests:
Comparative Anatomy, Human Anatomy (Biology), Evolutionary Biology, Marine Biology, Pathology, and 118 more
BACKGROUND: The current article aims to explore the protective potentials of α-tocopherol alone and the combination of allicin and vitamin B-complex against lead-acetate neurotoxicity on the cerebellar cortex. MATERIALS AND METHODS:... more
BACKGROUND:

The current article aims to explore the protective potentials of α-tocopherol alone and the combination of allicin and vitamin B-complex against lead-acetate neurotoxicity on the cerebellar cortex.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Forty rats were divided into four groups (n=10). Group 1 was the control group. Group 2 received 10 mg/kg body weight (BW) of lead acetate. Group 3 was exposed to 10 mg/kg BW of lead acetate plus a combination of allicin (100 mg/kg BW) and vit. B-complex (40 mg/kg BW). Group 4 was administered lead acetate (10 mg/kg BW) and α-tocopherol (100 mg/kg BW). The animals received treatment for sixty days by oral gavage. All the groups were studied ultrastructurally and immunohistochemically with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).
RESULTS:

The affected groups revealed shrunken and degenerated Purkinje cells with irregular nuclei. The cytoplasm comprised several lysosomes, unhealthy mitochondria, and dilated Golgi saccules. The myelinated nerve fibers demonstrated breaking of the myelin sheaths, apparent vacuoles, and broad axonal spaces. Immunohistochemically, there was a tremendous surge in GFAP-positive astrocytes in the lead acetate-treated group. These histological and ultrastructural variations were ameliorated by the administration of α-tocopherol and the combination of allicin and vit. B complex. Moreover, an apparent decrease in the number of GFAP-positive astrocytes was obvious in the protected groups.
CONCLUSIONS:

Although both α-tocopherol and the combination of allicin and vit. B-complex can be used as possible adjuvant therapies to ameliorate nervous system ailments attributable to lead acetate, α-tocopherol showed more protective potential.
KEYWORDS:

Allicin; Astrocytes; GFAP; Myelin Figure; Oligodendrocyte; Purkinje cells
Research Interests:
Antibodies for neuroscience research
Research Interests:
Comparative Anatomy, Human Anatomy (Biology), Neuroscience, Pathology, Speech Language Pathology, and 51 more
Antibody-based tools for neurodegenerative disease research Handbook
Research Interests:
Comparative Anatomy, Human Anatomy (Biology), Neuroscience, Pathology, Speech Language Pathology, and 50 more
Tissue And Cell "Protective role of CoQ10 or L-carnitine on the integrity of the myocardium in Doxorubicin induced toxicity. "
Research Interests: