Ancient Greek Language

Per informazioni, prenotazioni (entro il 23 gennaio 2022) e per partecipare con un video o un collegamento in diretta degli studenti: greco@anticoemoderno.org ⸱ 3476557895 Le giornate sono valide come aggiornamento per i docenti e come PCTO per gli studenti (5 ore ogni mezza giornata, totale 20 ore) in diretta sul canale youtube aicc antico e moderno: https://www.youtube.com/c/AICCAnticoeModerno

This article proposes a new formal reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) nouns containing the suffix *–oi–. I argue that both primary and non-primary derivatives in this class had stress alternating between the derivational suffix and the following inflectional ending (e.g., ACC.SG *[-óy-ṃ] vs. GEN *[-y-ós]) rather than the "amphikinetic" alternation between root and inflectional ending (ACC.SG *[´-oy-ṃ] vs. GEN *[-y-ós]) that is traditionally assumed for all primary nominals with suffixal *[o]-vocalism under the widely accepted “Erlangen Model” (Schindler 1975a,b, Rix 1992) of Indo-European morphophonology. Support for this alternative reconstruction comes from Hittite, which confirms that the suffixal stress seen in the Greek reflex of this noun class was inherited from PIE rather than root stress as in Vedic Sanskrit. More broadly, I contend that an adequate account of the prosodic behavior of PIE *–oi-stems requires (i) abandoning the traditional connection between suffixal *[o]-grade and "amphikinetic" word stress; and (ii) adopting a framework (such as the one articulated by Kiparsky 2010) in which the suffix's capacity to attract stress in both primary and non-primary derivation can be modeled in a unified way.

Este artículo responde la frecuente pregunta sobre cómo se encontraron las soluciones para averiguar el sistema de escritura y el idioma del manuscrito medieval MS408, como se describió en el artículo de la revista Romance Studies titulado The Language and Writing System of MS408 (Voynich) Explained (Cheshire, 2019). Desvelar el enigma fue un proceso muy intuitivo, así que explicar cómo se hizo es un reto en sí mismo.

《剑桥古典希腊语语法》（The Cambridge Grammar of Classical Greek）是一个世纪以来英语世界首部全面的古典希腊语参考性语法书。这部开创之作反映了近几十年来语言学领域取得的重要进展，为学生、教师和研究者提供了一套完备而易懂的语法论述。语音和词法部分充分吸收比较语言学和历史语言学的见解，以阐明由词根、词干和词尾构成的复杂 系统。句法部分针对格的用法、时态和体、语态、从句、不定式和分词等主题，提供了最前沿的语言学解说。语篇连贯部分是本书的一大创新，先探讨小品词和词序，再详细讨论四段例文，展现了处理古希腊语文本的新方法。全书提供大量原典例句，均附有译文，常常还配有说明性注释。清晰的表格、便捷的交叉引用、详尽的索引，让各个层次的读者都能轻松使用这份必备资料。
ISBN: 9787576018196
The PDF is a sample, not the whole book.

https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/716031

Babylonian hermeneutics has been the subject of several studies in recent years that have showed that speculative thought exploited the potentiality of the cuneiform system through analogical reasoning in order to find and create new meanings according to phonetic, semantic and graphic similarities. Analogical hermeneutics was prompted by the polysemic and homophonic nature of cuneiform writing and was intended as an inquiry into the cuneiform system itself. Analogical reasoning is also well known in ancient Greece particularly in Heraclitus producing semantic proliferation and ambiguity. A comparison between Mesopotamian and Greek sources shows that Heraclitus’ fragments share with cuneiform scholarship a similar epistemic reasoning based on analogy. The present contribution aims at setting the Babylonian epistemological system in light of Heraclitus' philosophy.

Hint-Avrupa dil ailesinin üyesi olan Eski Yunanca, çeşitli lehçelere ayrılan çok zengin bir antik dildir. Eski Yunan - Latin dilleri ve edebiyatları öğrencileri ve araştırmacılarının yanı sıra Eskiçağ Tarihi, Klasik Arkeoloji, Yunan - Latin Epigrafyası, Antik Felsefe, Çağdaş Yunanca bilim dallarında öğrenim görenler ve araştırma yapanlar için, ayrıca Hukuk, Tıp, Eczacılık, Biyoloji gibi bilim dallarının terminolojisi açısından büyük önem taşıyan Eski Yunanca'nın öğrenilmesi ve kullanılmasında sözlüklerin özel bir yeri vardır. Osmanlı Dönemi'nde Darülfünun'un eğitim programlarında yer almayan, ilk kez Cumhuriyet Dönemi'nde Ulu Önder Mustafa Kemal Atatürk'ün öngörü, arzu ve girişimleriyle Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi'nde, ardından İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi'nde öğretilmeye başlayan Eski Yunanca bugün başta Ankara, İstanbul, Ege ve Akdeniz Üniversitelerimizin Eskiçağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri bölümleri olmak üzere çeşitli üniversitelerimizde zorunlu ya da seçmeli ders olarak öğretilmektedir. Eski Yunanca'nın ülkemizde yaklaşık 70 yıllık bir geçmişinin olmasına karşılık, şimdiye değin, Prof. Dr. Suat Sinanoğlu'nun 1953 yılında basılan, Kelimelerin Etymonu Esas Tutularak Tertiplenen Yunanca-Türkçe Sözlük adlı, bugün tükenmiş durumdaki etimolojik sözlüğü dışında Eski Yunanca'dan Türkçe'ye bir sözlük yayımlanmamıştır. Yaklaşık 20.000 maddeden oluşan, elinizdeki Eski Yunanca-Türkçe Sözlük, yazarın İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi'nde uzun yıllardan beri vermekte olduğu Eski Yunanca derslerinin kendisine kazandırdığı deneyimle, öncelikle öğrencilerin gereksinimleri göz önünde tutularak hazırlanmıştır. Uzun soluklu bir çalışmanın ürünü ve gerek amacı gerek kapsamıyla ülkemizde bir ilk olan Eski Yunanca-Türkçe Sözlük'ün, alanındaki büyük boşluğun doldurulmasına katkı sağlaması hedeflenmektedir.

Claudius Ptolemy sketches in Iudic. 4.3-6 a theory on the origin of language that follows Epicurus’ doctrine. Since Ptolemy’s approach contains a naturalistic stage, this paper also discusses a section of another of Ptolemy’s works, Harmonics, relating to the human voice and its determinants. These are works with different interests, but it is possible to link Ptolemy’s naturalistic theory of language with rhetorical effects in both treatises.

This course offers an introduction to the history of ancient Greece from the Bronze Age to the end of the Hellenistic Age (roughly the 16th to the 1st centuries BCE), drawing on both source materials and modern works. This is a student-driven seminar based on a balance of lectures, readings, and in-class discussions on the societal, religious, and political developments of the Greek world in antiquity. Students will become familiar with the Bronze, Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic, and early Roman periods of Greek history.

The foundation of this course is the geopolitical history of the expanding Greek world; however, students also will engage the importance of ancient Greek culture, literature, religion, art, and gender roles. Through the investigation of texts, architecture, and archaeology, students will gain an appreciation of not just the ruling classes of the ancient Greek world, but also of the daily lives of normal Greeks and Hellenized native peoples.

This short article tentatively explores the nature of different "levels of style" in the Greek of five works belonging to the hagiographical and monastic literature of Late Antiquity, by investigating the distribution of different constructions used to express the future tense in different kinds of textual environment (direct speech, narrative etc.). In particular light is shed on the way the stylistic choices in the direct speech passages of certain texts differ radically from those in other kinds of textual environment, lending some credence to the idea of these passages as representations of, if not the everyday spoken language per se, at least a linguistic form closer to the spoken than that represented by the rest of the text.

Application of Statistical Linguistics to surgical treatises in Corpus Hippocraticum, in order to show relations between them and their authors.

Aplicación de la estadística lingüística a los tratados quirúrgicos del Corpus Hippocraticum, con vistas a analizar las relaciones existentes entre ellos y sus autores.

Resumo
No primeiro livro de Histórias, três episódios da vida de Creso ilustram as principais
características do gênero trágico presentes na narrativa herodotiana. O primeiro trata do
encontro de Sólon com Creso (I, 30-33), depois o de Creso com Adrasto, o futuro assassino
de seu filho (35-45) e, por fim, do encontro de Creso com Ciro (85-90). A nosso ver, tais
episódios podem ser interpretados como uma versão reduzida, em prosa, de uma trilogia
trágica. Portanto, neste artigo, demonstramos como Heródoto delineou sua interpretação
da vida de Creso a partir de elementos estruturais da tragédia.
Palavras-chave: Heródoto; Creso; Sólon; Adrasto; Ciro; tragédia grega
Abstract
In the first book of Histories, three episodes of the life of Croesus evidence the main
characteristics of the tragic genre present in the Herodotean narrative. The first deals with
the meeting between Solon and Croesus (I, 30-33), then Croesus with Adrastus, the future
murderer of his son (35-45), and, finally, the meeting of Croesus with Cyrus (85-90). In our
view, such episodes can be interpreted as a reduced prose version of a tragic trilogy. The
aim of this paper is to examine how Herodotus drew his interpretation of Croesus' life from
the structural elements of tragedy.
Keywords: Herodotus; Croesus; Solon; Cyrus; Greek tragedy

Άρδην, τεύχος 52, Ιανουάριος - Μάρτιος 2005

H “ομά­δα Ε” και ο ευ­τε­λι­σμός της Ελ­λά­δας και της ελ­λη­νι­κής ιστο­ρί­ας
Από τον Καστοριάδη στον… Φουράκη
Γ. Ρακκάς, Από τους αρχαιολάτρες στους εξωγήινους
Γ. Σχίζας, Φοβού τους Λιακόπουλους και δώρα φέροντας
Σ. Καργάκος, Κατά ποίοι ο λίθος του αναθέματος
Γ. Τσαγκρινός, Τηλεοπτική δυσπεψία
Γ. Καραμπελιάς, Η περίπτωση του περιοδικού «Δαυλός»
Μ. Μερακλής, Το κοινό, το δικό μας, των άλλων
Ι. Προμπονάς, Η καταγωγή της ελληνικής γλώσσας
Ν. Ξηροτύρης, Η καταγωγή των Ελλήνων
Σ. Φανός, Η περίπτωση του περιοδικού «Ιχώρ»
Γ. Καστρινάκης, Αμεριμνησία και διαγραφή των σημασιών

Shortenings like lab for laboratory or newbie for newborn already existed in Latin (Monique Biville 1989) and Ancient Greek (this paper, with a few dozen examples).
Published in: «Nouveaux acquis sur la formation des noms en grec» (Colloque Chantraine, Rouen 2013), published by Peeters, Leuven-Paris, 2016.
An offprint on paper is available.

This paper presents a spatio-temporal data mining regarding the origin of the names of the 218 longest European rivers. The study shows that 35.2% of these river names originate in the Near East and Southern Caucasus. The study also investigates the origin of European mountain names. It is shown that at least 26 mountain names originate from Africa.

The prepositional phrase ἐν ᾧ occurs repeatedly in 1 Peter, and scholars debate its function in each occurrence. To determine the most likely functions of the phrase, this article analyzes each instance in the book. Based on the context of each occurrence, ἐν ᾧ is likely causal in 1 Pet 1.6 and 3.16, where it should be translated as “because of this” or “because of which.” In 1 Pet 2.12, ἐν ᾧ is both causal and concessive. In 1 Pet 3.19, however, it is likely a dative of reference, so should be translated as “in which.” Finally, in 1 Pet 4.4, ἐν ᾧ again functions causally.

This very short exegetical essay points out some Homeric echoes in Alcaeus’ Song 130 V. He laments his current situation that hinder him from the participation to the politikos bios, probably due to a temporary defeat of his hetaireia. Homeric linguistic-lexical features and allusions suggest that he wish to communicate to his listeners his identification with Achilles, who was also confined amongst girls on the island of Skyros. Just as failed Thetis’ attempt to impede Achilles to participate in the Trojan war and cover himself of glory in spite of death, in the same way this temporary hindrance will fail and Alcaeus will re-start fighting, covering himself of glory.

The first aim of this paper is to illustrate the various meanings of the word πονηρός (together with the antonym χρηστός) and especially its usage from the last quarter of V century b.C. to the first half of IV, both in theatrical literature and in political jargon; the semantic gap between the etymological sense of this term and its occurrences in post-Periclean age is due to the great social renewals in VI-V cent. and next to the decline of the democratic parabola in Athens. Consequently, the paper shows the tight connections between comic and political lexicon: according to Alessandro Grilli, all Aristophanes’ comedies concern politics and therefore refer to its vocabulary in order to inspire audience’s laugh and blame.

The original meaning of the term "diet", which has its origin in the Greek term diaita, differs greatly from that assumed today. The return to its etymology and its initial cultural value enable greater understanding of what means, really, "being on a diet", a phrase which saw its meaning become impoverished, to be used commonly to mean "lose weight." The return to their origin enables simultaneously the understanding of the symbolic richness of the term and, from it, redefining the way in which can be understood and made known by health professionals.

This Excel file is a WORK IN PROGRESS on Indo-European basic lexicon, aligning PIE reconstructions from IEW, LIV and Mallory-Adams with intermediate reconstructions of IE sub-families found in several other sources (mainly Brill / Leiden etymological dictionaries): see dedicated sheet for details on sources.
Reconstructions with a green background have more complete data than those with a white background.
This DRAFT database is intended as a stepping stone for researchers who want to explore external genetic relationships between Indo-European languages and other language families.