Information Technology

A local area network (LAN) is a computer network within a small geographical area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, office building or group of buildings. A LAN is composed of interconnected workstations and personal computers which are each capable of accessing and sharing data and devices, such as printers, scanners and data storage devices, anywhere on the LAN. LANs are characterized by higher communication and data transfer rates and the lack of any need for leased communication lines. Communication between remote parties can be achieved through a process called Networking, involving the connection of computers, media and networking devices. When we talk about networks, we need to keep in mind three concepts, distributed processing, network criteria and network structure. The purpose of this Network is to design a Local Area Network (LAN) for a BAEC (Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission) Head Quarter and implement security measures to protect network resources and syst...

https://journalistethics.com/
Free book available in PDF at this link

This book lifts the veil to identify the puppet masters behind the MK Ultra Mind Control shills that front the New World Disorder Dystopia. The usual suspects are named: Jeff Bezos, Mark Zuckerberg, Benjamin Netanyahu, Fake religious Patriarchs and a list of celebrities from Hollywood and other MK Ultra mind control realms.

E-commerce not only has tremendous potential for growth but also poses unique challenges for both incumbents and new entrants. By examining drivers of firm performance in e-commerce from a capabilities perspective, the authors conceptualize three firm capabilities that are critical for superior firm performance in e-commerce: information technology capability, strategic flexibility, and trust-building capability. The extent and nature of market orientation is conceptualized as a platform for leveraging e-commerce capabilities. The authors test the effects of e-commerce capabilities on performance (e.g., relative profits, sales, return on investment) using data from 122 e-brokerage service providers. The results indicate that information technology capability and strategic flexibility affect performance given the right market orientation.

ABSTRACT Lean Six Sigma Executive Overview (Case Study) Templates are a guide to Lean Six Sigma Green Belt, Lean Six Sigma Black Belt, and Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt Projects. Lean Six Sigma Practitioners use the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) Phases. The Lean Six Sigma Executive Overview (Case Study) include the most common tools used in the DMAIC Phases. There are Backup Slides that include the tools and templates of Optional or less often tools. There are guidelines in the notes section. These templates are used to document Lean Six Sigma Projects as they are executed. I wish you well on your projects. Steven Bonacorsi, Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt.

Crowdsourcing has become a mega trend in recent years, fueling innovation and collaboration in research,
business, society, and government alike.

In this paper, we provide an overview of the theoretical contributions of crowdsourcing to improve democratic governance. We then examine the critical factors necessary for successful crowdsourcing in general (Sharma 2010) and discuss the inherent challenges and risks, particularly in fragile states. We then provide numerous examples from important crowdsourcing and interactive mapping phenomena and initiatives in Haiti, Libya, Sudan, and Guinea
among others. Most of these examples were taken from personal experience, and their accuracy was  checked with key actors. We return to analyzing these cases according to Sharma’s framework. Finally, we provide recommendations for donors.

"Red Estatal eJalisco: The Network is Ours" by IJALTI, gathering in its pages the rationale, origins and motivation to perform this first strategy mainly emanating from the citizens of Jalisco, to enhance the development and inclusion of society in the digital age (IJALTI, 2013).

Saat ini pemerintah Indonesia memiliki visi untuk menjadikan Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia. Nelayan merupakan salah satu pilar penting dalam pembangunan Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia, karena nelayan merupakan kelompok masyarakat yang setiap hari selalu berhubungan dengan laut. Nelayan membutuhkan beberapa informasi untuk mendukung aktivitas penangkapan ikan. Informasi tersebut antara lain adalah informasi daerah penangkapan ikan, informasi cuaca, informasi harga ikan, informasi dinamika laut. Selama ini, informasi-informasi tersebut berasal dari berbagai sumber. Sistem informasi nelayan pintar ini mengintegrasikan informasi-informasi dalam satu sistem berupa aplikasi berbasis android. Untuk mengenalkan teknologi ini kepada nelayan, maka pada tahun 2015 ini dilakukan sosialisasi sistem informasi nelayan pintar di 30 pelabuhan perikanan di Indonesia.

Abstract – In the article the governmental informational politics concerning providing electoral publicity is analyzed. The list of information that must be accessible for an electorate and gives citizens an opportunity to carry out the realized choice is defined.

Soo Hyun Jun , Heather J. Hartwell , and Dimitrios Buhalis 2012
Impacts of the Internet on Travel Satisfaction
and Overall Life Satisfaction, Chapter 19 in Uysal, M., R. Perdue and J. Sirgy. (Eds) (2012). Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities. The Netherlands, Springer, Dordrecht, 702 pages, Hardcover, ISBN 978-94-007-2287-3

This chapter proposed two conceptual models which explored the impact of the Internet on travel satisfaction and overall life satisfaction. The first model (Fig. 19.4 ) focused on the Internet role when it was considered as a tool for travel planning at a pretrip stage, and the second model (Fig. 19.5 ) focused on the Internet role when it was considered as a social platform on a Web 2.0 environment where people shared travel information after a trip, communicated, and socialized

with others. This chapter found two signifi cant roles of the Internet in satisfaction formation and satisfaction modifi cation (Fig. 19.6 ). In terms of satisfaction formation, the greater amount of transparent and reliable information collected through the Internet at the pretrip stage helps individuals adjust expectations to be realistic, and the realistic expectation leads to reduce the negative satisfaction disconfi rmation and maintain a higher level of satisfaction. In terms of satisfaction
modifi cation, postconsumption experiences at the social platform reconstruct previous memories
and accordingly modify satisfaction. The modifi ed satisfaction eventually infl uences overall life satisfaction.

This chapter contributes to the QOL research because it suggests the alternative independent variables of travel satisfaction and overall life satisfaction, which are in fi ve need constructs and can be measured through survey research methods. Future studies should be conducted to test the two proposed models. The proposed models in this chapter focus on pretrip behavior and posttrip behavior. However, the Internet with mobile technology and location-based technology is increasingly
playing a signifi cant role in travel satisfaction at the during-trip stage. Future study should be conducted to explore the Internet role at this stage and its impacts on travel satisfaction and overall life satisfaction.

This paper presents the connection between exam or test anxiety and the il-licit use of Ritalin (methylphenidate). Ritalin is used by students as a cog-nitive enhancer and thus to increase their learning and memory abilities. However, a side effect of Ritalin is altered fear reactions to stimuli. Thus, this paper aims to gain insight in the mechanisms of Ritalin on the anxiety system. The created network visualises the overlapping systems of Ritalin and anxiety and possible outcomes of the use of Ritalin around exam weeks. First, the exam is noticed, with the induced (normal) stress response on having this exam. The wish to increase learning abilities during exam weeks surfaces and Ritalin is administered as a result of cognitive decision making. Finally, the model shows how Ritalin can decrease test anxiety.

The Department of Defense (DOD) utilizes the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DODAF), version 2.0, to model enterprise architectures for all branches of the DOD.  The use of DODAF by the DOD dates back to its initial conception and use for modeling command, control, communications, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) architectures in 1996.  This initial development and use was due to the Clinger-Cohen Act being passed.  The Clinger-Cohen Act of 1986 concerns itself with DOD information technology (IT) architectures and frameworks.  Clinger-Cohen put for rules on the development, acquisition, management, and maintenance of IT architectures.  The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) also put forth two circulars which call for the need of DODAF in DOD IT architecture projects (DOD, 2010, pp. 30-31).  DODAF version 2.0 is a complicated but essential framework for identifying the overall set of data that is required to model the enterprise architecture in order for decision makers to be able to understand and make clear decisions about the architecture (DOD, 2010, pp. 2-3).  DODAF uses models to represent the data.  Models can be diagrams, spreadsheets, or any data set organized in a form to fill the needs of the view.  Viewpoints are the collection of views required to show the design of the DOD enterprise architecture.  Due to the requirements of DODAF in DOD IT enterprise architectures by Clinger-Cohen and the OMB plus the value of DODAF to executives, managers, and decision makers, DODAF is an essential and excellent tool to use on DOD enterprise architectures.

Decision-making is a cognitive process stemming from the analysis of available courses of action related to a given problem. Rationally, potential courses of action are derived from deliberate analysis of available data related to a problem and its potential outcomes. Decisions are generally characterized as normative, descriptive or naturalistic. Normative decisions are based on evidence, logic and analysis; descriptive decisions are based on intuition and experience. Naturalistic decisions are formed as a hybrid of normative and descriptive processes.

For decision-makers the revolution in information technology and the amount and scope of the data they provide has become overwhelming, leading to cognitive overload, confusion and an inability to function effectively. Decision Support Systems (DSS) facilitate data analysis and selection of a viable course of action rapidly and effectively. However, like the human decision- makers they serve, DSS capabilities may also suffer from cognitive overload, inaccuracy, and complexity, especially in time-sensitive environments.

This study explores DSS employment for time-sensitive decision processes using Digitally Aided Close Air Support (DACAS) as a model. The study explores decision theory, models, DSS development and time-sensitive environments. Using DACAS as a model the paper reveals the obstacles and opportunities associated with the employment of DSS for time- sensitive processes. Finally, the study makes recommendations for improved employment of DSS in time-sensitive environments.

Internet of Things provides truly ubiquitous and smart environment. The multilayer distributed architecture with a variety of different components together with end devices, applications and the association with its framework poses challenge. Internet of Things middleware actions as a joining link between the heterogeneous areas that communicate across heterogeneous edges. In this work, we study the interoperability issue between heterogeneous devices. We presented guidelines to handle the interoperability issue in Internet of Things. Furthermore, we have proposed architectural framework for Home Area Network.

The purpose of this quantitative data analysis was to examine the relationship between industry type and information security risk-level among businesses in the United States.  This paper took into account collected business related data from 36 industry types.  Pattern recognition, bivariate linear regression analysis, and a one-sample t-test were performed to test the industry type and information security risk-level relationship of the selected business.  Test results indicated that there is a significant predictive relationship between industry type and risk-level rates among United States businesses.  Moreover, the one-sample t-test results indicated that United States businesses classified as a particular industry type are more likely to have a higher information security risk-level than the midpoint level of United States businesses.

Israel's strategic environment has witnessed dramatic changes in the array of threats. The nuclear agreement between the world powers and Iran took the immediate Iranian nuclear threat off the table and postponed it for several treaties were signed with Egypt (1979) and Jordan (1994), and following has since been reduced further now that the Syrian army no longer poses a risk, due to its involvement in the civil war and the tremendous losses it has sustained there. The sub-conventional threat, especially from Hezbollah, has because of the resources that Iran has invested to beef up the organization. Nonetheless, Hezbollah's involvement in the Syrian civil war should at least delay its decision to embark on another major operation against Israel. The current security threats to Israel are rooted in three sources: 1 a) states, al-Qaeda organizations, and organizations with expansionist visions, such many other states. In addition, efforts persist in establishing terrorist cells typical of the terrorism Israel has tackled since October 2015. In other

"Buhalis, Dimitrios and Michopoulou, Eleni (2011) 'Information-enabled tourism destination marketing: addressing the accessibility market', Current Issues in Tourism,, 14(2) pp145-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683501003653361

Information-enabled tourism destination marketing:
addressing the accessibility market

Dimitrios Buhalis (a∗) and Eleni Michopoulou (b)
a)International Centre for Tourism and Hospitality Research (ICTHR), Bournemouth University,
Bournemouth, UK; b) School of Management, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK

(Received 3 July 2009; final version received 25 January 2010)

This paper demonstrates that the accessibility market is not homogenous, but it entails different sub-segments with distinct needs and requirements. Ultimately each person is unique in his/her abilities and preferences and this is more evident in this market. Secondary research revealed the size of the accessibility market in Europe to be 127 million people. Extensive qualitative research through 16 focus groups has demonstrated that the main requirements of these segments focus on three interlinked elements, namely accessible built environment, information regarding accessibility and accessible information online. Traditional segmentation contradicts the central concept of participation, as directed by the social model of disability, and it entails assumptions regarding the requirements of the market segments. Information communication technologies (ICTs) can assist destinations to effectively address the particular requirements of these market segments through the use of profiling and personalisation
features, which will allow users themselves to specify their requirements. Through the use of ICTs, users are enabled to declare their needs and requirements. Destinations can then offer suitable products and services according to the particular needs of each traveller, encourage participation, congruent with the social model of disability.


Keywords: destination marketing; market requirements; market segmentation;
accessible tourism; disability; information communication technology"

Technical security metrics provide measurements in ensuring the effectiveness of technical security controls or technology devices/objects that are used in protecting the information systems. However, lack of understanding and method to develop the technical security metrics may lead to unachievable security control objectives and inefficient implementation. This paper proposes a model of technical security metrics to measure the effectiveness of network security management. The measurement is based on the security performance for (1) network security controls such as firewall, Intrusion Detection Prevention System (IDPS), switch, wireless access point and network architecture; and (2) network services such as Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) and virtual private network (VPN). The methodology used is Plan-Do-Check-Act process model. The proposed technical security metrics provide guidance for organizations in complying with requirements of ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System (ISMS) standard. The proposed model should also be able to provide a comprehensive measurement and guide to use ISO/IEC 27004 ISMS Measurement standard.

In the twenty-first century, with the evolution of Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge Management seems to be more advanced and sophisticated. Knowledge management has been studied and discussed for a long time by several researchers from academia and business sector due to its vitality for the success of organizations. Additionally, many leading companies around the world have adopted several knowledge management practices to ensure that they remain ahead of their rival companies in today's competitive business world. Hence, companies continue to look for ways to improve these knowledge management practices. Several studies were conducted to have more profound understanding of the recent research trend of knowledge management processes and its best practices at organizations. However, this subject requires further investigation from other perspectives. Most of the previous studies neglect exploring the impact of applying artificial intelligence (AI) and information technology (IT) concepts and techniques on the efficiency of knowledge management at modern organizations in particular. This research systematically reviews and highlights the current knowledge management practices that have relied on IT and AI mechanisms and their impacts on modern organizations along with their challenges and limitations. The current research aims to provide a profound analysis of 15 (out of 844) research papers published in highly standard journals and conference proceedings throughout the past 10 years, from 2009 to 2019. This review study can be considered a pivotal reference for scholars as it fills in some gaps in knowledge management especially in IT and AI related studies.

ABSTRACT How does information become power, who gains and who loses, and what are the implications of this process? As much of the information we produce today is available to very few global companies and governments it is crucial to develop new concepts and modify the existing theories on information and power. Drawing on the political economy of communication, sociology and information science literature, this paper introduces an analytical framework to understand the mechanisms through which information is turned into power and their social and cultural implications. Volume is defined as the informational resources – the amount and diversity of information and the people producing it. Control is described through two competing and complementary mechanisms: popularization (information relevant to most people), and personalization (information relevant to each individual person). The main argument is that the ability to transform information into power requires controlling the interaction between the growing volume of people and information by balancing popularization and personalization mechanisms. This framework is then applied to demonstrate Google’s monopoly of knowledge, its PageRank algorithm, and its inevitable commercial and cultural biases around the world.

It is a precious knowledge of ancient india. this script was originally composed by mahrshi BHARADWAJA, the great indian sage around 5000 BC  ,it content english transtation of some of its sanskrit stotras and shlokas.before wright brothers first aircraft was made by dr Talpade was an Indian scholar who is said to have constructed and flown an unmanned airplane in 1895 with reference of this ancient hindu sanskrit manuscript .

Cloud computing offers an innovative business model to enterprise for IT services consumption and delivery. Software as a Service (SaaS) is one of the cloud offerings that attract organisations as a potential solution in reducing their IT cost. However, the vast diversity among the available cloud SaaS services makes it difficult for customers to decide whose vendor services to use or even to determine a valid basis for their selections. Moreover, this variety of cloud SaaS services has led to proprietary architectures and technologies being used by cloud vendors, increasing the risk of vendor lock-in for customers. Therefore, when enterprises interact with SaaS providers within the purview of the current cloud marketplace, they often encounter significant lock-in challenges to migrating and interconnecting cloud. Hence, the complexity and variety of cloud SaaS service offerings makes it imperative for businesses to use a clear and well understood decision process to procure, migrate and/or discontinue cloud services. To date, the expertise and technological solutions to simplify such transition and facilitate good decision making to avoid lock-in risks in the cloud are limited. Besides, little investigation has been carried out to provide a comprehensive decision framework to support enterprises on how to avoid lock-in risks when selecting and implementing cloud-based SaaS solutions within existing environments. Such decision framework is important to reduce complexity and variations in implementation patterns on the cloud provider side, while at the same time minimising potential switching cost for enterprises by resolving integration issues with existing IT infrastructures. This paper proposes a holistic 6-step decision framework that enables an enterprise to assess its current IT landscape for potential SaaS replacement, and provides effective strategies to mitigate vendor lock-in risks in cloud (SaaS) migration. The framework follows research findings and addresses the core requirements for choosing vendor-neutral interoperable and portable cloud services without the fear of vendor lock-in, and architectural decisions for secure SaaS migration. Therefore, the results of this research can help IT managers have a safe and effective migration to cloud computing SaaS environment.

International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas

Over the next years, it is expected that machine learning will be widely implemented within fields in the construction context, such as construction planning. As construction projects tend to be influenced by interrelated issues resulting in cost and/or time overruns and lower performance, it has been continuously attempted to develop predictive planning methods and tools, in order to mitigate such issues. This study aims at investigating possible applications of machine learning for construction planning, noting their impact on project performance, and finally commenting critically on the issues of responsibility in action-taking, accountability in decisionmaking, and the still crucial need for human reasoning. Methodologically, a literature review on machine learning applications in construction project planning is carried out, and then two particular implementation cases are selected for a more in-depth analysis. The first case draws on a productivity survey of construction projects in Sweden, where the relative data is analysed to find the most influential factors behind project performance; then, statistical correlation is used to find the features that are strongly correlated with four performance indicators (cost variance, time variance, and client- and contractor satisfaction), and a supervised machine learning analysis is done to develop a model for predicting project cost, time and satisfaction. The second case elaborates on the appraisal of constructability of civil engineering projects through technical project risk analysis; the model utilizes both unsupervised machine learning for the understanding and pre-processing of data, and supervised machine learning for the development of the predictive system. Following the above analysis, it is argued that there is a need for human reasoning in construction planning, even more so after the introduction of machine learning. It is not enough to include human aspects in the machine learning modelling; it is also crucial to strengthen qualified reasoning in the decision-making for construction project planning and being responsible in action-taking and accountable in decision-making.

This presentation captures the historical adaptation of medieval warriors’ methods for security and thwarts toward adversarial attacks on fortifications for protective areas. History can often be a good teacher for modern day designers for security protection because the evolution of human beings has not changed since the beginning of time. Applicable lessons are applied to all aspects of security to include physical, technical, personnel, information and operational security. The article provides examples of the original concept of access controls, vaulted areas, chemical warfare, and the origins of physical security.