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MicroRNomics of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

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Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 9))

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of noncoding, conserved, tiny (19–24 nt) RNAs that regulate gene expression either by RNA interference (RNAi), where they target 3′-UTR and degrade mRNA or repress translation, or by RNA activation (RNAa), where they target promoter elements at 5′-UTR and induce gene transcription. They have emerged as a therapeutic target for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases because each miRNA has several targets that allows it to make a layer of regulatory network. Diabetes is recognized as a multifactorial metabolic disease that increases the chances of heart failure and exacerbates mortality. MiRNAs regulates insulin production, beta-cell differentiation, cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and rhythm, and thereby plays a crucial role in cardiac remodeling in diabetes. Differential expression of circulatory miRNAs has potential as a biomarker for heart failure in diabetes. It is documented that miRNAs regulate inflammation, epigenetic modifications, and autophagy and are altered by matrix metalloproteinase 9, homocysteine, and exercise, which are associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy. This chapter embodies the differentially expressed miRNAs in diabetic hearts, their plausible causes of deregulation, and the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in ameliorating diabetic cardiomyopathy.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported in part with by National Institute of Heart HL-113281 and HL-116205 to Paras K. Mishra and HL-108621 and HL-74185 to Suresh C Tyagi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985850 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA

    Paras K. Mishra

  2. Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA

    Suresh C. Tyagi

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  1. Paras K. Mishra
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Correspondence to Paras K. Mishra .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biophysics, University of Ankara, Ankara, Ankara, Turkey

    Belma Turan

  2. St. Boniface Hosp. Research, Univ. of Ma Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Mishra, P.K., Tyagi, S.C. (2014). MicroRNomics of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. In: Turan, B., Dhalla, N. (eds) Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 9. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9317-4_10

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