Skip to main content
Scheduled maintenance on Monday, June 3rd, with potential service disruption. Find out more.
Intended for healthcare professionals
Restricted access
Research article
First published online March 1, 2008

Humor and group effectiveness

Eric Romero and Anthony PescosolidoView all authors and affiliations
Volume 61, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726708088999
View correction

Abstract

Despite the importance of groups in the workplace and the demand from workers for a fun work environment, there is no model that explains how successful organizational humor can impact work groups. The purpose of this article is to present a model, based on Hackman's framework of group effectiveness, that can be used to understand the relationship between successful organizational humor and group effectiveness. We explore the ability of successful organizational humor to influence groups through its positive impact on group productivity, viability and learning. Based on the literature from several disciplines, we propose that successful organizational humor can have a positive impact on a variety of group processes (e.g. effective communication, development of group goals, management of emotion, etc.) and outcomes (e.g. group productivity, group viability, and development of group members), which contribute to overall group effectiveness. The model has the potential to both advance theory on organizational humor and to offer value to practicing managers by providing an understanding of how two seemingly unrelated factors (humor and group effectiveness) are in fact related in a meaningful fashion.

Get full access to this article

View all access and purchase options for this article.

Get Access

References

Adelsward, V. & Oberg, B.M. The function of laughter and joking in negotiating activities. Humor, 1998, 11, 411-29.
Google Scholar
Argyris, C. & Schon, D.A. Organizational learning II: Theory, method and practice. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1996 .
Google Scholar
Avolio, B.J., Howell, J.M. & Sosik, J.J. A funny thing happened on the way to the bottom line: Humor as a moderator of leadership style effects. Academy of Management Journal, 1999, 42, 219-27.
Google Scholar
Barbour, G. Want to be a successful manager? Now that's a laughing matter. Public Management, 1998, 80, 4-6.
Google Scholar
Barsade, S.G. The ripple effect: Emotional contagion and its influence on group behavior . Administrative Science Quarterly, 2002, 47, 644-75.
Google Scholar
Barsky, A., Thoresen, C., Warren, C. & Kaplan, S. Modeling negative affectivity and job stress: A contingency-based approach . Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2004, 25, 913-26.
Google Scholar
Bugen, L.A. Composition and orientation effects on group cohesion. Psychological Reports, 1977, 40, 175-81.
Google Scholar
Cann, A., Galhoun, L.G. & Banks, J.S. On the role of humor appreciation in interpersonal attraction: It's no joking matter. Humor, 1997, 10, 77-89.
Google Scholar
Cann, A., Holt, K. & Calhoun, L.G. The roles of humor and sense of humor in responses to stressors. Humor, 1999, 12, 177-93.
Google Scholar
Castelli, J. Are you weird enough? HR Magazine, 1990, September, pp. 38-41.
Google Scholar
Caudron, S. Humor is healthy in the workplace. Personnel Journal, 1990, 71, 63-8.
Google Scholar
Cohen, S.G. & Ledford, F.E. The effectiveness of self-managing teams: A quasi-experiment. Human Relations, 1994, 47, 13-43.
Google Scholar
Collinson, D.L. Engineering humour: Masculinity, joking and conflict in shop-floor relations . Organization Studies, 1988, 9, 181-99.
Google Scholar
Coser, R.L. Some social functions of laughter: A study of humor in a hospital setting . Human Relations, 1959, 12, 171-82.
Google Scholar
Coser, R.L. Laughter among colleagues. Psychiatry, 1960, 23, 81-99.
Google Scholar
Crawford, C.B. Theory and implications regarding the utilization of strategic humor by leaders . The Journal of Leadership Studies, 1994, 1, 53-68.
Google Scholar
Davies, C. Ethnic jokes, moral values and social boundaries. The British Journal of Sociology, 1982, 33, 383-403.
Google Scholar
Decker, W.H. & Rotondo, D.M. Relationships among gender, type of humor, and perceived leader effectiveness . Journal of Managerial Issues, 2001, 13, 450-66.
Google Scholar
De Souza, G. & Klein, H.J. Emergent leadership in the group goal-setting process. Small Group Research, 1995, 26, 475-96.
Google Scholar
Dewitte, S. & Verguts, T. Being funny: A selectionist account of humor production. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 2001, 14, 37-53.
Google Scholar
Dienstbier, R.A. The impact of humor on energy, tension, task choices, and attributions: Exploring hypothesis from toughness theory. Motivation and Emotion, 1995, 19, 255-67.
Google Scholar
Dixon, N.F. A cognitive alternative to stress? In I.G. Sarason & C.D. Speilberger (Eds), Stress and anxiety, Vol. 5. Washington, DC: Hemisphere, 1980, pp. 281-9.
Google Scholar
Dixon, P.N., Wingham, W., Strano, D.A. & Chandler, C.K. Sense of humor as a mediator during incidental learning of humor-related material. Psychological Reports, 1989, 64, 851-5.
Google Scholar
Druskat, V.U. & Pescosolido, A.T. The content of effective teamwork mental models in self-managing teams: Ownership, learning, and heedful interrelating. Human Relations, 2002, 55, 283-314.
Google Scholar
Druskat, V.U. & Pescosolido, A.T. The impact of emergent leader emotionally competent behavior on team trust, communication, engagement, and effectiveness. In N. Ashkanasy, C. Hartel & W. Zerbe (Eds), Research on emotion in organizations, volume 2: Individual and organizational perspectives on emotion management and display. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006, pp. 25-56.
Google Scholar
Druskat, V.U. & Wolff, S.B. Building the emotional intelligence of groups. Harvard Business Review, 2001, 79, 81-90.
Google Scholar
Duncan, W.J. Humor in management: Prospects for administrative practice and research . Academy of Management Review, 1982, 7, 136-42.
Google Scholar
Edmondson, A. Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999, 44, 350-83.
Google Scholar
Edmondson, A. Psychological safety, trust, and learning in organizations: A group-level lens. In R.M. Kramer & K.S. Cook (Eds), Trust and distrust in organizations. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2004, pp. 239-72.
Google Scholar
Forgas, J.P. On feeling good and getting your way: Mood effects on negotiator cognition and bargaining strategy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1998, 74, 565-77.
Google Scholar
Francis, L.E. Laughter, the best mediation: Humor as emotion management in interaction . Symbolic Interaction, 1994, 17, 147-63.
Google Scholar
Freud, S. Humor. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 1928, 9, 1-6.
Google Scholar
George, J. Leader positive mood and group performance: The case of customer service . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1991, 25, 778-94.
Google Scholar
George, J. & Brief, A. Feeling good - doing good: A conceptual analysis of the mood at work-organizational spontaneity relationship. Psychological Bulletin, 1992, 112, 310-29.
Google Scholar
Gibson, C. The efficacy advantage: Factors related to the formation of group efficacy . Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 2003, 33, 2153-86.
Google Scholar
Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. & McKee, A. Primal leadership: The hidden driver of great performance. Harvard Business Review, 2001, 79, 42-51.
Google Scholar
Graham, E.E. The involvement of sense of humor in the development of social relationships . Communication Reports, 1995, 8, 158-70.
Google Scholar
Greatbatch, D. & Clark, T. Laughing with the gurus. Business Strategy Review, 2002, 13, 10-18.
Google Scholar
Gruner, C. Wit and humor in mass communication. In A.J. Chapman & H.C. Foot (Eds), Humour and laughter: Theory, research and applications. London: Wiley, 1976, pp. 287-311.
Google Scholar
Hackman, J.R. The psychology of self-management in organizations. In M.S. Pallack & R.O. Perloff (Eds), Psychology and work: Productivity, change, and employment . Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 1986, pp. 89-136.
Google Scholar
Hampes, W.P. The relationship between humor and trust. Humor, 1999, 12, 253-9.
Google Scholar
Hampes, W.P. Relation between humor and empathic concern. Psychological Reports, 2001, 88, 241-4.
Google Scholar
Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J.T. & Rapson, R.L. Emotional contagion. Paris: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
Google Scholar
Herzberg, F., Mausner, B. & Snyderman, B. The motivation to work. New York: Wiley, 1959.
Google Scholar
Holmes, J. & Marra, M. Having a laugh at work: How humor contributes to workplace culture . Journal of Pragmatics, 2002, 34, 1683-710.
Google Scholar
Hudson, K.M. Transforming a conservative company - One laugh at a time. Harvard Business Review, 2001, July/August, pp. 45-53.
Google Scholar
Isen, A. & Levin, P. The effect of feeling good on helping: Cookies and kindness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1972, 21, 384-8.
Google Scholar
Janes, L.M. & Olson, J.M. Jeer pressure: The behavioral effects of observing ridicule in others . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2000, 26, 474-85.
Google Scholar
Jehn, K. & Shah, P.P. Interpersonal relationships and task performance: An examination of mediating processes in friendship and acquaintance groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1997, 72, 775-90.
Google Scholar
Jordan, P.J. & Troth, A.C. Managing emotions during team problem solving: Emotional intelligence and conflict resolution. Human Performance, 2004, 17, 195-218.
Google Scholar
Kahn, W. Toward a sense of organizational humor: Implications for organizational diagnosis and change. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 1989, 25, 45-63.
Google Scholar
Kahn, W. Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work . Academy of Management Journal, 1990, 33, 692-724.
Google Scholar
Kaldenberg, D., Becker, B. & Zvonkovic, A. Work and commitment among young professionals: A study of male and female dentists. Human Relations, 1995, 48, 1355-77.
Google Scholar
Kayes, D.C. The 1996 Mount Everest climbing disaster: The breakdown of learning in teams . Human Relations, 2004, 57, 1263-84.
Google Scholar
Kelly, J.R. & Barsade, S.G. Moods and emotions in small groups and work teams. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2001, 86, 99-130.
Google Scholar
King, K.N. But I'm not a funny person . . . The use of humor in dispute resolution. Negotiation Journal, 1988, 4, 119-23.
Google Scholar
Kupier, N.A., Martin, R.A. & Dance, K.A. Sense of humor and enhanced quality of life. Personal individual Differences, 1992, 13, 1273-83.
Google Scholar
Kupier, N.A., McKenzie, S.D. & Belanger, K.A. Cognitive appraisals and individual differences in sense of humor: Motivational and affective implications. Personality and Individual Differences, 1995, 19, 359-72.
Google Scholar
LaFave, L., Haddad, J. & Maeson, W.A. Superiority, enhanced self-esteem and perceived incongruity humor theory. In A.J. Chapman & H.C. Foot (Eds), Humor and laughter: Theory, research and applications. New York: Wiley, 1976, pp. 63-91.
Google Scholar
Lawler, E.E. III Strategies for high performance organizations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass, 1998.
Google Scholar
Levine, M. Ready or not, here life comes. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005.
Google Scholar
Lyman, P. The fraternal bond as a joking relationship: A case study of the role of sexist jokes in male group bonding. In M.S. Kimmel (Eds), Changing men: New directions in research on men and masculinity. Part three. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE, 1987, pp. 148-63.
Google Scholar
Lyttle, J. The effectiveness of humor in persuasion: The case of business ethics training . Journal of General Psychology, 2001, 128, 206-17.
Google Scholar
Maertz, C. & Campion, M. Profiles in quitting: Integrating process and content turnover theory . Academy of Management Journal, 2004, 47, 566-72.
Google Scholar
Malone, P.B. Humor: A double-edged tool for today's managers? Academy of Management Review, 1980, 5, 357-60.
Google Scholar
Manz, C.C. & Sims, H.P., Jr. Leading workers to lead themselves: The external leadership of self-managing work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1987, 32, 106-28.
Google Scholar
Martin, R.A. & Lefcourt, H.M. Sense of humor as a moderator of the relation between stressors and moods. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1983, 45, 1313-24.
Google Scholar
Martineau, W.H. A model of the social functions of humor. In J. Goldstein & P. McGhee (Eds), The psychology of humor. New York: Academic Press, 1972, pp. 101-25.
Google Scholar
Meyer, J.C. Ronald Reagan and humor: A politician's velvet weapon. Communication Studies, 1990, 41, 76-88.
Google Scholar
Meyer, J.C. Humor in member narratives: Uniting and dividing at work. Western Journal of Communication, 1997, 61, 359-72.
Google Scholar
Meyer, J.C. Humor as a double-edged sword: Four functions of humor in communication . Communication Theory, 2000, 10, 310-31.
Google Scholar
Moreland, R.L. & Argote, L. Transactive memory in dynamic organizations. In R.S. Peterson & E.A. Mannix (Eds), Leading and managing people in the dynamic organization. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003, pp. 135-62.
Google Scholar
Morreall, J. Humor and work. Humor, 1991, 4, 359-73.
Google Scholar
Mudrack, P. Defining group cohesiveness. Small Group Behavior, 1989, 20, 37-49.
Google Scholar
Newstrom, J.W. Making work fun: An important role for managers. SAM Advanced Management Journal, 2002, 67, 4-8, 21.
Google Scholar
Nezlek, J.B. & Derks, P. Use of humor as a coping mechanism, psychological adjustment, and social interaction . Humor, 2001, 14, 395-413.
Google Scholar
O'Quin, K. & Derks, P. Humor and creativity: A review of the empirical literature. In M.A. Runco (Ed.), The creativity research handbook. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 1997, pp. 227-56.
Google Scholar
Pescosolido, A.T. Emergent leaders as managers of group emotion. The Leadership Quarterly, 2002, 13, 583-99.
Google Scholar
Piper, W., Marrache, M., Lacroix, R., Richardsen, A. & Jones, B. Cohesion as a basic bond in groups. Human Relations, 1983, 36, 93-108.
Google Scholar
Priest, R. & Swain, J. Humor and its implications for leadership effectiveness. Humor, 2002, 15, 169-89.
Google Scholar
Robinson, D.T. & Smith-Lovin, L. Getting a laugh: Gender, status, and humor in task discussions. Social Forces, 2001, 80, 123-58.
Google Scholar
Romero, E.J. The effect of humor on work effort and mental state. International Journal of Work Organization and Emotion, 2005, 1, 137-49.
Google Scholar
Romero, E.J., Alsua, C., Hinrichs, K. & Pearson, T. Regional humor differences in the United States: Implications for management . Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 2007, 20, 189-201.
Google Scholar
Romero, E.J. & Cruthirds, K. The use of humor in the workplace. Academy of Management Perspectives, 2006, 20, 58-69.
Google Scholar
Saavedra, R. & Early, P.C. Choice of task and goal under specific conditions of general and specific affective inducement. Motivation and Emotion, 1991, 15, 45-65.
Google Scholar
Seligman, M. & Schulman, P. Explanatory style as a predictor of productivity and quitting among life insurance sales agents. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1986, 50, 832-8.
Google Scholar
Shurcliff, A. Judged humor, arousal, and relief theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1968, 8, 360-3.
Google Scholar
Smith, C.M. & Powell, L. The use of disparaging humor by group leaders. The Southern Speech Communication Journal, 1988, 53, 279-92.
Google Scholar
Smith, R.E., Ascough, J.C., Ettinger, R.F. & Nelson, D.A. Humor, anxiety, and task performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1971, 19, 243-6.
Google Scholar
Smith, W.J., Harrington, K.V. & Neck, C.P. Resolving conflict with humor in a diversity context. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 2000, 15, 606-21.
Google Scholar
Staw, B. Attribution of the 'causes' of performance: A general alternative interpretation of cross-sectional research on organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 1975, 13, 414-32.
Google Scholar
Strozniak, P. Teams at work. Industry Week, 2000, 249, 47-50.
Google Scholar
Sullivan, M. & Conway, M. Negative affect leads to lower cognition: Attributional processing for observed social behavior. Social Cognition, 1989, 7, 315-37.
Google Scholar
Suls, J.M. Two-stage model for the appreciation of jokes and cartoons: Information-processing analysis. In J.H. Goldstein & P.E. McGhee (Eds), The psychology of humor . San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1972, pp. 81-100.
Google Scholar
Sundstrom, E., DeMeuse, K.P. & Futrell, D. Work teams: Applications and effectiveness. American Psychologist, 1990, 45, 120-33.
Google Scholar
Thomas, K.W. & Schmidt, W.H. A survey of managerial interests with respect to conflict. Academy of Management Journal, 1976, 19, 315-18.
Google Scholar
Tjosvold, D., Yu, Z.Y. & Hui, C. Team learning from mistakes: The contribution of cooperative goals and problem-solving . Journal of Management Studies, 2004, 41, 1223-45.
Google Scholar
Tracy, S., Myers, K. & Scott, C. Cracking jokes and crafting selves: Sensemaking and identity management among human service workers. Communication Monographs, 2006, 73, 283-308.
Google Scholar
Vinton, K.L. Humor in the workplace: It is more than telling jokes. Small Group Behavior, 1989, 20, 151-66.
Google Scholar
Wasielewski, P. The emotional basis of charisma. Symbolic Interaction, 1985, 8, 207-22.
Google Scholar
Weick, K. & Westley, F. Organizational learning: Affirming an oxymoron. In S. Clegg, C. Hardy & W. Nord (Eds), Handbook of organizational studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 1996, pp. 440-58.
Google Scholar
Weldon, E. & Jehn, K. Processes that mediate between a group goal and improved group performance . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1991, 61, 555-71.
Google Scholar
Wolff, S.B., Druskat, V.U., Stubbs Koman, E. & Messer, T. The link between group emotional competence and group effectiveness. In V. Druskat, F. Sala & G. Mount (Eds), Linking emotional intelligence and performance at work. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2006, pp. 223-42.
Google Scholar
Wolff, S.B., Pescosolido, A.T. & Druskat, V.U. Emotional intelligence as the basis of leadership emergence in self-managing teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 2002, 13, 505-22.
Google Scholar
Yovetich, N.A., Dale, A. & Hudak, M.A. Benefits of humor in reduction of threat-induced anxiety. Psychological Reports, 1990, 66, 51-8.
Google Scholar
Yukl, G. An evaluative essay on current conceptions of effective leadership . European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 1999, 8, 33-48.
Google Scholar
Zeytinoglu, I., Lillevik, W., Seaton, M. & Moruz, J. Part-time and casual work in retail trade - Stress and other factors affecting the workplace. Industrial Relations, 2004, 59, 516-44.
Google Scholar
Ziv, A. Personality and sense of humor. New York: Springer, 1984.
Google Scholar

Cite article

Cite article

Cite article

OR

Download to reference manager

If you have citation software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice

Share options

Share

Share this article

Share with email
EMAIL ARTICLE LINK
Share on social media

Share access to this article

Sharing links are not relevant where the article is open access and not available if you do not have a subscription.

For more information view the Sage Journals article sharing page.

Information, rights and permissions

Information

Published In

Volume 61, Issue 3
Pages: 395 - 418
Article first published online: March 1, 2008
Issue published: March 2008

Keywords

  1. groups
  2. human resources & industrial relations
  3. humor
  4. job/employee attitudes
  5. management

Rights and permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Eric Romero
Universidad Católica del Perú, [email protected]
View all articles by this author
Anthony Pescosolido
University of New Hampshire, [email protected]
View all articles by this author

Metrics and citations

Metrics

Journals metrics

This article was published in Human Relations.

VIEW ALL JOURNAL METRICS

Article usage*

Total views and downloads: 3373

*Article usage tracking started in December 2016

Altmetric

See the impact this article is making through the number of times it’s been read, and the Altmetric Score.
Learn more about the Altmetric Scores


Articles citing this one

Receive email alerts when this article is cited

Web of Science: 121 view articles Opens in new tab

Crossref: 0

  1. The power of laughter: a study on humor and creativity in undergraduat...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  2. Why so serious? The effects of humour on creativity and innovation
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  3. Personality and humor in groups: implications for collective emotional...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  4. When Humor Works: Impact of Humour Style Similarity on Supervisor-Subo...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  5. From I to we in humor research: a systematic review of the antecedents...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  6. Energizing Workplace Dynamics: Exploring the Nexus of Relational Energ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  7. How Managerial Psychopathy Contributes to Employee Mental Health and I...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  8. The Role of Humor in Work Group Dynamics in Times of Crisis
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  9. Jokes and quarrels: a cross-cultural investigation of humor and confli...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  10. ‘Just relax and ram it in’: Dimensions of power in workplace sexual hu...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  11. Perceived organizational culture and employee performance: moderating ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  12. Leading through affiliation: the effect of humor type and gender on li...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  13. The effect of humor and perceived social interdependence on teamwork e...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  14. Humor, transparency, and the management of distrust among business riv...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  15. Ocena poznawcza i strategie radzenia sobie ze stresem a style humoru p...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  16. How and when creativity thrives in construction projects: a study of l...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  17. Winning battles with a joke
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  18. Introduction of Jokes-Based Research Methods
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  19. Constructive management and resolution of conflict
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  20. Humor in the sky: the use of affiliative and aggressive humor in cabin...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  21. Laughing All the Way to the Bank: The Joint Roles of Shared Coping Hum...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  22. The Effects of the Schools’ Humor Climates on Perceived Stress Levels ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  23. Impact of tour guide humor on tourist pro-environmental behavior: Util...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  24. Why do you think this joke told by robot is funny? The humor style mat...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  25. "It only hurts when I laugh"
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  26. Humour and belonging
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  27. Playfulness in Online Marketing
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  28. Pun-based jokes and linguistic creativity: designing 3R-module
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  29. Exploring the Domain of Emotional Intelligence in Organizations: Bibli...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  30. The effectiveness of absence of humour in leadership in firefighting f...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  31. A double-edged sword: The nature of team comedians in sport teams
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  32. The dark side of open innovation: Individual affective responses as hi...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  33. Kişisel Mizah Algısı ve Satış Performansı İlişkisinde Müzakere İletişi...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  34. Work Processes in Teams
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  35. Effectiveness of a Humor-Based Training for Reducing Employees’ Distre...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  36. LGBTQ+ in ECE: Culture and (Non)Visibility
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  37. Linking leader humor to employee creativity: the roles of relational e...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  38. Cheap talk? Follower sarcasm reduces leader overpay by increasing acco...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  39. No laughing matter, or a secret weapon? Exploring the effect of humor ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  40. Development and Initial Validation of the Humor Climate in Sport Scale
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  41. A place and time for humor: leader humor in Confucian cultures
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  42. Humor Use in School Settings: The Perceptions of Teachers
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  43. Workplace Humour and its Impact on Individual, Group Dynamics and Orga...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  44. Optimal Performans Duygu Durumu, Zihinsel Dayanıklılık, Takım Sargınlı...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  45. Finding humor in work–life conflict: Distinguishing the effects of ind...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  46. Effects of the Humorous Characteristics of the School Principals on Sc...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  47. Humor – Klebstoff für Teams
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  48. Humour as a Moderator of Stress and Defence Based Coping Mechanisms am...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  49. Using Verbal Irony to Move on with Controversial Issues
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  50. Humour, masculinities and youth sport coaching: ‘Good morning, ladies!...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  51. Signaling trustworthiness: The effect of leader humor on feedback-seek...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  52. The power of humour to unite and divide: a case study of design coordi...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  53. It is all in good humor? Examining the impact of salesperson evaluatio...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  54. HUMOR AS CATALYST AND NEUTRALIZER OF LEADERSHIP EFFECTIVENESS
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  55. Playfulness in Online Marketing
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  56. Yöneticilerin Olumlu ve Olumsuz Mizah Kullanımı ile Çalışan Tutumları ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  57. Directing and increasing traffic: the uses (and abuses) of humor in vo...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  58. Harmony and Distress: Humor, Culture, and Psychological Well-Being in ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  59. Commercial Life: The Private Sector’s Contribution to Wellbeing
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  60. Why Managerial Humor Matters
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  61. Examining Humor Events at Work
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  62. Managerial Humor as a Tool for Impacting Employees’ Emotions
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  63. Applied Humor in Creative Product Design
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  64. Dawn of the debt: Tactical performance, humour and the practice of alt...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  65. Commentary: Relationships Between Classroom Dialogue and Support for M...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  66. The Role of Regulatory, Social, and Dialogic Dynamics on Young Childre...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  67. Accounting for play as work in The Expense Account
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  68. Anecdotal evidence: understanding organizational reality through organ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  69. Linking concepts of playfulness and well-being at work in retail secto...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  70. Analyzing Participatory Cultural Practices in a Medium-Scale Swiss Tow...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  71. Leader Humor as an Interpersonal Resource: Integrating Three Theoretic...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  72. Humor and workplace stress: a longitudinal comparison between Australi...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  73. Bibliography
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  74. Team identity in youth soccer: The role of coaches' feedback patterns ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  75. Using humor and boosting emotions: An affect-based study of managerial...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  76. Humor as a Relationship Lubricant: The Implications of Leader Humor on...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  77. Relationship between humor orientation and customer orientation, and t...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  78. Humor in Teams: Multilevel Relationships Between Humor Climate, Inclus...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  79. Coping Humor as a Mediator Between Emotional Intelligence and Job ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  80. Griping and Joking as Identification Rituals and Tools for Engagement ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  81. Humour and laughter in meetings: Influence, decision-making and the em...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  82. A Study on the Effect of Leader’s Humor Behavior on Employee’s Positiv...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  83. How to promote relationship-building leadership at work? A comparative...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  84. Funny or Funnier?
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  85. Changing Definitions of Work and Play: Importance of Workplace Humour
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  86. Humor in Teams: Interpersonal Functions of Humor
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  87. Humor in Leadership: How to Lead People with Humor
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  88. The Moderating Role of Congruence between Humor and Fun Climate of the...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  89. YOU ARE JOKING, RIGHT? — CONNECTING HUMOUR TYPES TO INNOVATIVE BEHAVIO...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  90. Leader’s Use of Humor and Creativity: The Mediating Role of Psychologi...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  91. The relationship of leaders’ humor and employees’ work engagement medi...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  92. Humor and group atmosphere
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  93. Race‐Based Humor and Peer Group Dynamics in Adolescence: Bystander Int...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  94. The Effects of Humour in Online Recruitment Advertising
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  95. Why did the emu cross the road? Exploring employees’ perception and ex...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  96. The impact of supervisor humor on newcomer adjustment
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  97. Virtually anonymous: Does the absence of social cues alter perceptions...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  98. The antecedents and consequences of humour for service
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  99. Soldiering on: Exploring the role of humour as a disciplinary technolo...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  100. Supervisor Humor and Employee Outcomes: The Role of Social Distance an...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  101. The Role of Humor in the Relationship Between Transactional Leadership...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  102. Boredom in the Workplace: Reasons, Impact, and Solutions
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  103. The Set-Up
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  104. Theorising Humour
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  105. Dynamic Humour Boundaries
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  106. Monsters in the Shadows? Humour and the Uncanny
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  107. Emerging HRM perspectives on emotional intelligence, mindfulness and n...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  108. A Review of Organization Humor: Concept, Measurement and Empirical Res...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  109. Examining the Energizing Effects of Humor: The Influence of Humor on P...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  110. He Who Laughs Best, Leaves Last: The Influence of Humor on the Attitud...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  111. The Impact of Leader’s Humor on Employees’ Creativity: The Moderating ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  112. Joking aside: Theorizing laughter in organizations
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  113. Effects of Humor style of the Service providers on Customer participat...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  114. Team Spirit Makes the Difference: The Interactive Effects of Team Work...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  115. The Use of Humor to Cope with Secondary Traumatic Stress
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  116. Humor Functions Within Crime Scene Investigations: Group Dynamics, Str...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  117. ‘Humour helps’: Elite sports coaching as a balancing act
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  118. Did You Hear the One About the Doctor? An Examination of Doctor Jokes ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  119. Tunisia in the Aftermath of the Revolution...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  120. Social Capital and Community Group Participation: Examining ‘Bridging’...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  121. Consultant Jokes About Managing Uncertainty
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  122. The Wheel Model of humor: Humor events and affect in organizations
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  123. An Empirical Study on the Effect of Humor Sense of Leader on Innovativ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  124. Effects of Restaurant Employees' Sense of Humor on Job Satisfaction an...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  125. A meta‐analysis of positive humor in the workplace
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  126. Team viability for long-term and ongoing organizational teams
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  127. Empowering leadership and the influence of a humorous work climate on ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  128. Variable Effects of Humor Styles on Organizational Outcomes
    Go to citation Crossref Google ScholarPub Med
  129. Humour in Retail Work: Jokes Salespeople Tell about Their Clients
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  130. When Arab‐expatriate relations work well
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  131. Achmed the dead terrorist and humor in popular geopolitics
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  132. Work groups and teams
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  133. Chapter 10 A laugh a day is sure to keep the blues away: managers' use...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  134. Healthy humour: Using humour to cope at work
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar

Figures and tables

Figures & Media

Tables

View Options

Get access

Access options

If you have access to journal content via a personal subscription, university, library, employer or society, select from the options below:

Alternatively, view purchase options below:

Purchase 24 hour online access to view and download content.

Subscribe to this journal

Access journal content via a DeepDyve subscription or find out more about this option.

Start 2 week free trial
Need help?

View options

PDF/ePub

View PDF/ePub
Download PDF

Also from Sage