Jon Hoover
University of Nottingham, Theology and Religious Studies, Faculty Member
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Islamic Studies, Middle East Studies, Islamic Philosophy, Kalam (Islamic Theology), Ibn Taymiyya, Contemporary Salafism, and 21 moreSufism, Medieval Islamic History, Contemporary Movements and Trends in Islam, Muslim-Christian Relation, Comparative Philology, Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya, Jewish-Christian-Muslim relations in the Middle Ages, Christian-Muslim Dialogue, Muslim-Christian Relations, Islamic Theology, Reception of Ibn Taymiyya between the 13th and 16th centuries, Intellctual and social history of the Mamluk Period, Mamluk History, Dimitri Gutas, Eric Ormsby, Salafism, Ibnul Qayyim, Mamluk Studies, Avicenna, Hanbalism, and Fakhr al-Din al-Razi edit
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Co-edited with Douglas Pratt, John Davies and John Chesworth.
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The Muslim jurist Ibn Taymiyya (d. 1328) is famous for polemic against Islamic philosophy, theology and rationalizing mysticism, but his positive theological contribution has not been well understood. This comprehensive study of Ibn... more
The Muslim jurist Ibn Taymiyya (d. 1328) is famous for polemic against Islamic philosophy, theology and rationalizing mysticism, but his positive theological contribution has not been well understood. This comprehensive study of Ibn Taymiyya’s theodicy helps to rectify this lack. Exposition and analysis of Ibn Taymiyya’s writings on God’s justice and wise purpose, divine determination and human agency, the problem of evil, and juristic method in theological doctrine show that he articulates a theodicy of optimism in which God in His essence perpetually wills the best possible world from eternity. This sets Ibn Taymiyya’s theodicy apart from Ash'ari divine voluntarism, the free-will theodicy of the Mu'tazilis, and the essentially timeless God of other optimists like Ibn Sina and Ibn 'Arabi.
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ِArabic translation of "God Spatially Above and Spatially Extended: The Rationality of Ibn Taymiyya’s Refutation of Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s Ašʿarī Incorporealism," Arabica 69 (2022): 626-674.
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Translation of "Law, Justice, and Grace: Ibn Taymiyya (d. 728/1328) on the Gospel’s Relation to the Torah," Entangled Religions 13.2 (2022), 1-15.
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“Reason and the Proof Value of Revelation in Fakhr al-Din al-Razi’s late kalam works Ta’sis al-taqdis, Ma‘alim usul al-din, and al-Arba‘in fi usul al-din,” in Rationalität in der Islamischen Theologie, I: Die klassische Periode, ed. M. El Kaisy-Friemuth, et al. (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2019), 373–390.more
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Translation of "Ibn Taymiyya’s Use of Ibn Rushd to Refute the Incorporealism of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi," in Islamic Philosophy from the 12th to the 14th Century, ed. Abdelkader al-Ghouz (Bonn University Press/V&R unipress, 2018), 469-491.
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Kalam (Islamic Theology), Islamic Studies, Yemen, Rasulid Yemen, medieval Islamic thought, conceptions of hell and paradise, and 9 moreIbn Taymiyya, Zaydism, Zaydiyya, Islamic Philosophy, Islamic Theology, Islamic Thought, Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya, Reception of Ibn Taymiyya between the 13th and 16th centuries, Ibnul Qayyim, Islamic Thought and Theology, and Ibn al-Wazir
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This chapter provides a history of Hanbali theology from the formation of the Hanbalis as a school of law in the late ninth and early tenth centuries through to the Wahhabis of Arabia in the eighteenth century. The Hanbalis had a... more
This chapter provides a history of Hanbali theology from the formation of the Hanbalis as a school of law in the late ninth and early tenth centuries through to the Wahhabis of Arabia in the eighteenth century. The Hanbalis had a disproportionate impact on the development of Islamic theology because they opposed Kalam theology more consistently than did the other Sunni law schools. Among the major figures discussed herein are Abu Ya‘la, Ibn ‘Aqil and Ibn Jawzi in the eleventh through thirteenth centuries and Ibn Taymiyya, Najm al-Din al-Tufi, and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya in the early fourteenth century.
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“Against Islamic Universalism: 'Ali al-Harbi’s 1990 Attempt to Prove that Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya Affirm the Eternity of Hell-Fire,” in Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyya, ed. Krawietz & Tamer (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2013), 377-399.more
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الترجمة العربية لكتاب Ibn Taymiyya and His Times
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The course of the Islamic debate over the origin of the world through Ibn Rushd (d. 595/1198) is well known. Kalam theologians and al-Ghazali seek to prove the temporal origination of the world, while philosophers such as Ibn Sina argue... more
The course of the Islamic debate over the origin of the world through Ibn Rushd (d. 595/1198) is well known. Kalam theologians and al-Ghazali seek to prove the temporal origination of the world, while philosophers such as Ibn Sina argue for the world's eternal emanation from God. Ibn Rushd reasserts the world's eternity against al-Ghazali, portraying creation, however, not as emanation but as a perpetual process rooted in God's perfection. Almost completely unknown to Western-language scholarship is that the Hanbali theologian Ibn Taymiyya (d. 728/1328)—known in some quarters to be anti-rationalist—makes a philosophical contribution to this debate and follows very closely in the footsteps of Ibn Rushd. As a first step in the more extensive study that Ibn Taymiyya's views on creation deserve, this article introduces and translates his commentary on the hadith found in Bukhari, ‘God was, and there was nothing before Him, and His Throne was on the water … Then, He created the heavens and the earth’. In this commentary, Ibn Taymiyya sets forth a speculative theological model of God's perpetual creativity. Although neither the world nor any one part of it is eternal, God's perfection entails that He create one thing or another from eternity. Ibn Taymiyya maintains that this philosophically derived vision of God accords with revelation, and it forms the viewpoint from which he polemicizes against Kalam theologians and Ibn Sina on creation.