Skip to main content

Learning About Consequences, Community, Creativity and Courage: Cultivating Compassion in Higher Education Leadership

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Pedagogy of Compassion at the Heart of Higher Education

Abstract

Many believe that compassionate leadership is for the foolish and the weak. This chapter illustrates how compassion can lead to empowered choices that foster awareness of consequences, cultivation of creativity in the workplace and courage for enacting change. Such choices are associated with optimized workplace well-being and performance. Testimonials from higher education leaders who practice compassion in their workplace will be shared. In addition, the neuroscience that undergirds these practices will be highlighted along with ways that compassion training might be cultivated and measured in the workplace. The findings shared in this chapter illustrate that compassionate leadership is not associated with perceptions of weak leaders or disrespectful environments. Challenges to practicing compassion in higher education will be highlighted.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arbuckle, N. L., & Shane, M. S. (2016). Up-regulation of neural indicators of empathic concern in an offender population. Society for Neuroscience, 30, 1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Astin, J. (1997). Stress reduction through mindfulness meditation. Effects on psychological symptomatology, sense of control, and spiritual experiences. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 66(2), 97–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497–529.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bok, D. (2010). The politics of happiness: What government can learn from the new research on well-being. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bolman, L. G., & Gallos, J. V. (2011). Reframing academic leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bresciani Ludvik, M. J. (Ed.). (2016). The neuroscience of learning and development. Sterling: Stylus Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, K., & Ryan, R. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buller, J. L. (2015). Change leadership in higher education: A practical guide to academic transformation. San Francisco: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Cao, Y., Contreras-Huerta, L. S., McFadyen, J., & Cunnington, R. (2015). Racial bias in neural response to others’ pain is reduced with other-race contact. Cortex, 70, 68–78. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2015.02.010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Capurso, V., Fabbro, F., & Crescentini, C. (2014). Mindful creativity: The influence of mindfulness meditation on creative thinking. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 1020–1021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chiesa, A., Calati, R., & Serretti, A. (2011). Does mindfulness training improve cognitive abilities? A systematic review of neuropsychological findings. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(3), 449–464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measures of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24, 385–396.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Contreras-Huerta, L. S., Baker, K. S., Reynold, K. J., Batalha, L., & Cunnington, R. (2013). Racial bias in neural empathic responses to pain. Plos ONE, 23(8), e84001. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Côté, S., Gyurak, A., & Levenson, R. W. (2010). The ability to regulate emotion is associated with greater well-being, income, and socioeconomic status. Emotion, 10, 923–933.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crocker, J., & Canevello, A. (2008). Creating and undermining social support in communal relationships: The role of compassionate and self-image goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 555–575.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Spinrad, T. L. (2006). Prosocial development. In N. Eisenberg, W. Damon, & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology, Social, emotional, and personality development (Vol. 3, pp. 646–718). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellenbogen, M. A., Schwartzman, A. E., Stewart, J., & Walker, C. D. (2002). Stress and selective attention: The interplay of mood, cortisol levels, and emotional information processing. Psychophysiology, 39, 723–732.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fredrickson, B. L., Cohn, M., Coffey, K. A., Pek, J., & Finkel, S. A. (2008). Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 1045–1062.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fullan, M., & Scott, G. (2009). Turnaround leadership for higher education. San Francisco: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallese, V., Keysers, C., & Rizzolatti, G. (2004). A unifying view of the basis of social cognition. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8(9), 396–403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garland, E., Gaylord, S., & Park, J. (2009). The role of mindfulness in positive reappraisal. Explore, 5, 37–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, P., & Procter, S. (2006). Compassionate mind training for people with high shame and self-criticism: Overview and pilot study of a group therapy approach. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 13, 353–379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2010). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 10, 83–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2, 271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundations. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 3–24). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grossman, P., Niemann, L., Schmidt, S., & Walach, H. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits. A meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57(1), 35–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanson, R. (2009). Buddha’s brain: The practical neuroscience of happiness, love, and wisdom. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hein, G., Silani, G., Preuschoff, K., Batson, C. D., & Singer, T. (2010). Neural responses to ingroup and outgroup members’ suffering predict individual differences in costly helping. Neuron, 68(1), 149–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hollis-Walker, L., & Colosimo, K. (2011). Mindfulness, self-compassion, and happiness in non-meditator: A theoretical and empirical examination. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(2), 222–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hurtado, S., & Faye Carter, D. (1997). Effects of college transition and perceptions of the campus racial climate on Latino college students’ sense of belonging. Sociology of Education, 70(4), 324–345.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jazaieri, H., Jinpa, G., McGonigal, K., Rosenberg, E., & Finkelstein, J. (2013). Enhancing compassion: A randomized controlled trial of a compassion cultivation training program. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(4), 1113–1126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jazaieri, H., McGonigal, K., Jinpa, T., Doty, J. R., Gross, J. J., & Goldin, P. R. (2014). A randomized controlled trial of compassion cultivation training: Effects on mindfulness, affect, and emotion regulation. Motivation and Emotion, 38(1), 23–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kabat-Zinn, J. (2013). Full Catastrophe living, rev. edn: How to cope with stress, pain and illness using mindfulness meditation. New York: Bantam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanske, P., Böckler, A., Trautwein, F.-M., & Singer, T. (2015). Dissecting the social brain: Introducing the EmpaToM to reveal distinct neural networks and brain-behavior relations for empathy and theory of mind. NeuroImage, 122, 6–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keng, S., Smoski, M., Robins, C., Ekblad, A., & Brantley, J. (2012). Mechanisms of change in mindfulness-based stress reduction: Self-compassion and mindfulness as mediators of intervention outcomes. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 26(3), 270–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klimecki, O. M., Leiberg, S., Lamm, C., & Singer, T. (2012). Functional neural plasticity and associated changes in positive affect after compassion training. Cerebral Cortex, 23(7), 1552–1561.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, N. M., Stillman, T. F., Hicks, J. A., Kamble, S., Baumeister, R. F., & Finchman, F. D. (2013). To belong is to matter: Sense of belonging enhances meaning in life. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(11), 1418–1427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leiberg, S., Klimecki, O., & Singer, T. (2011). Short-term compassion training increases prosocial behavior in a newly developed prosocial game. PLoS ONE, 6(3), e17798. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017798.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leslie, J. B. (2015). The leadership gap: What you need, and still don’t have, when it comes to leadership talent. Retrieved from http://media.ccl.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Leadership-Gap-What-You-Need.pdf#_ga=1.91918489.269342748.1473619863 on 28 July 2016.

  • Luke, A., & Gibson, B. (2015). Mindfulness meditation reduces implicit age and race bias. The role of reduced automaticity of responding. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6(3), 284–291.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neff, K. (2011). Self-compassion: The proven power of being kind to yourself. New York: HarperCollins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). (2013). OECD skills outlook 2013. First results from the survey of adult skills. Retrieved from http://skills.oecd.org/documents/OECD_Skills_Outlook_2013.pdf

  • Pace, T. W., Negi, L. T., Adame, D. D., Cole, S. P., Sivilli, T. I., & Brown, T. D. (2009). Effect of compassion meditation on neuroendocrine, innate immune and behavioral responses to psychosocial stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34, 87–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rock, D., & Cox, C. (2012). SCARF in 2012: Updating the social neuroscience of collaborating with others. NeuroLeadership Journal, 4, 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roemer, L., Lee, J. K., Salters-Pedneault, K., Erisman, S. M., Orsillo, S. M., & Mennin, D. S. (2009). Mindfulness and emotion regulation difficulties in generalized anxiety disorder: Preliminary evidence for independent and overlapping contributions. Behavior Therapy, 40, 142–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schairer, S. (2016). Enhancing compassion and empathy. In M. J. Bresciani Ludvik (Ed.), The neuroscience of learning and development (pp. 194–217). Sterling: Stylus Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scharmer, O. (2016). Theory U: Leading from the future as it emerges (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scharmer, O., & Kaufer, K. (2013). Leading from the emerging future (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senge, P. M. (1996). Leading learning organizations. Training & Development, 50(12), 36–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senge, P. M., Cambron-McCabe, N., Lucas, T., Smith, B., Dutton, J., & Kleiner, A. (2000). Schools that learn: A fifth discipline fieldbook for educators, parents, and everyone who cares about education. New York: Doubleday.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senge, P. M., Scharmer, C. O., Jaworski, J., & Flowers, B. S. (2004). Presence: Human purpose and the field of the future. Cambridge, MA: SoL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, S. L., Schwartz, G. E., & Bonner, G. (1998). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on medical and premedical students. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 21, 581–599.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, S. L., Jazaieri, H., & Goldin, P. R. (2012). Mindfulness-based stress reduction effects on moral reasoning and decision making. Journal of Positive Psychology. [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.1080/17439760.2012.723732.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, D. J. (2008). The mindful brain. Louisville: Sounds True.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singer, T., & Steinbeis, N. (2009). Differential roles of fairness and compassion-based motivations for cooperation, defection, and punishment. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1167, 41–50. doi:10.1177/239700221402800110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steffens, N. K., Haslam, S. A., Kerschreiter, R., Schuh, S. C., & van Dick, R. (2014). Leaders enhance group members’ work engagement and reduce their burnout by crafting social identity. German Journal of Human Resource Management: Zeitschrift für Personalforschung, 28(1–2), 173–194.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sztompka, P. (1999). Trust: A sociological Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan, C. (2012). Search inside yourself: The unexpected path to achieving success, happiness and world peace. New York: Harper One.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tusche, A., Böckler, A., Kanske, P., Trautwein, F.-M., & Singer, T. (2016). Decoding the charitable brain: Empathy, perspective taking and attention shifts differentially predict altruistic giving. Journal of Neuroscience, 36(17), 4719–4732.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weng, H. Y., Fox, A. S., Shackman, A. J., Stodola, D. E., Caldwell, J. Z. K., Olson, M. C., Rogers, G. M., & Davidson, R. J. (2013). Psychological. Science, 24(7), 1171–1180.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marilee Bresciani Ludvik .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bresciani Ludvik, M. (2017). Learning About Consequences, Community, Creativity and Courage: Cultivating Compassion in Higher Education Leadership. In: Gibbs, P. (eds) The Pedagogy of Compassion at the Heart of Higher Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57783-8_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57783-8_11

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-57782-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-57783-8

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics