The Alzheimer's Association external quality control program for cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers
Correction(s) for this article
-
Erratum
- Volume 7Issue 5Alzheimer's & Dementia
- pages: 556-556
- First Published online: September 1, 2011
Corresponding Author
Niklas Mattsson
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Corresponding author. Tel.: +46-706-393-851; Fax: +46-313-432-426.
E-mail address: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorUlf Andreasson
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorStaffan Persson
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorHiroyuki Arai
Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorSergio Bernardini
Department Biochimica Clinica, Policlinico, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorLuisella Bocchio-Chiavetto
IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio—Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMarinus A. Blankenstein
Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorMaria C. Carrillo
The Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, IL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSonia Chalbot
Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDavide Chiasserini
Section of Neurology, Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Centre for Memory Disturbances, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorNeal Cutler
Worldwide Clinical Trials, King of Prussia, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGunilla Dahlfors
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorAnne M. Fagan
Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
Search for more papers by this authorOrestes Forlenza
Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni B. Frisoni
IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio—Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDouglas Galasko
Department of Neurosciences, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDaniela Galimberti
Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorHarald Hampel
Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAase Handberg
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorMichael T. Heneka
Klinische Neurowissenschaften, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAdrianna Z. Herskovits
MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSanna-Kaisa Herukka
Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorDavid M. Holtzman
Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
Search for more papers by this authorChristian Humpel
Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimers Research, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
Search for more papers by this authorBradley T. Hyman
MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKhalid Iqbal
Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMathias Jucker
Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and DZNE—German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorStephan A. Kaeser
Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and DZNE—German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorElmar Kaiser
Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorElisabeth Kapaki
1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorDaniel Kidd
Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research and Development, South San Francisco, CA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorPeter Klivenyi
Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
Search for more papers by this authorCindy S. Knudsen
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorMarkus P. Kummer
Klinische Neurowissenschaften, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorJames Lui
Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAlbert LladÓ
Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'InvestigaciÓ BiomÉdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorPiotr Lewczuk
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorQiao-Xin Li
Neuropathology Research Group, The Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorRalph Martins
Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorColin Masters
Neuropathology Research Group, The Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAbhay Moghekar
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJosÉ Luis Molinuevo
Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'InvestigaciÓ BiomÉdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorThomas J. Montine
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorWilliam Nowatzke
Worldwide Clinical Trials, King of Prussia, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRichard O'Brien
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMarkus Otto
Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorGeorge P. Paraskevas
1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorLucilla Parnetti
Section of Neurology, Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Centre for Memory Disturbances, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorRonald C. Petersen
Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDavid Prvulovic
Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHerman P.M. de Reus
Department of Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Alzheimer Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Alzheimer Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorRobert A. Rissman
Department of Neurosciences, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorElio Scarpini
Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorHilkka Soininen
Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorJohannes Schröder
Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorLeslie M. Shaw
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center (ADNI Biomarker Core), Philadelphia, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAnders Skinningsrud
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Center of Laboratory Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorBrith Skrogstad
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Center of Laboratory Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorAnnette Spreer
Department of Neurology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorLeda Talib
Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCharlotte Teunissen
Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorJohn Q. Trojanowski
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center (ADNI Biomarker Core), Philadelphia, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorHayrettin Tumani
Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorLaszlo Vecsei
Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
Search for more papers by this authorMarcel M. Verbeek
Department of Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Alzheimer Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Alzheimer Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorJing Zhang
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorHenrik Zetterberg
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorKaj Blennow
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Niklas Mattsson
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Corresponding author. Tel.: +46-706-393-851; Fax: +46-313-432-426.
E-mail address: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorUlf Andreasson
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorStaffan Persson
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorHiroyuki Arai
Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorSergio Bernardini
Department Biochimica Clinica, Policlinico, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorLuisella Bocchio-Chiavetto
IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio—Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMarinus A. Blankenstein
Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorMaria C. Carrillo
The Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, IL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSonia Chalbot
Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDavide Chiasserini
Section of Neurology, Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Centre for Memory Disturbances, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorNeal Cutler
Worldwide Clinical Trials, King of Prussia, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGunilla Dahlfors
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorAnne M. Fagan
Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
Search for more papers by this authorOrestes Forlenza
Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni B. Frisoni
IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio—Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDouglas Galasko
Department of Neurosciences, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDaniela Galimberti
Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorHarald Hampel
Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAase Handberg
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorMichael T. Heneka
Klinische Neurowissenschaften, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAdrianna Z. Herskovits
MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSanna-Kaisa Herukka
Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorDavid M. Holtzman
Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
Search for more papers by this authorChristian Humpel
Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimers Research, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
Search for more papers by this authorBradley T. Hyman
MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKhalid Iqbal
Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMathias Jucker
Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and DZNE—German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorStephan A. Kaeser
Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and DZNE—German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorElmar Kaiser
Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorElisabeth Kapaki
1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorDaniel Kidd
Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research and Development, South San Francisco, CA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorPeter Klivenyi
Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
Search for more papers by this authorCindy S. Knudsen
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorMarkus P. Kummer
Klinische Neurowissenschaften, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorJames Lui
Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAlbert LladÓ
Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'InvestigaciÓ BiomÉdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorPiotr Lewczuk
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorQiao-Xin Li
Neuropathology Research Group, The Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorRalph Martins
Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorColin Masters
Neuropathology Research Group, The Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAbhay Moghekar
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJosÉ Luis Molinuevo
Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'InvestigaciÓ BiomÉdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorThomas J. Montine
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorWilliam Nowatzke
Worldwide Clinical Trials, King of Prussia, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRichard O'Brien
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMarkus Otto
Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorGeorge P. Paraskevas
1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorLucilla Parnetti
Section of Neurology, Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Centre for Memory Disturbances, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorRonald C. Petersen
Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDavid Prvulovic
Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHerman P.M. de Reus
Department of Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Alzheimer Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Alzheimer Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorRobert A. Rissman
Department of Neurosciences, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorElio Scarpini
Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorHilkka Soininen
Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorJohannes Schröder
Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorLeslie M. Shaw
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center (ADNI Biomarker Core), Philadelphia, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAnders Skinningsrud
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Center of Laboratory Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorBrith Skrogstad
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Center of Laboratory Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorAnnette Spreer
Department of Neurology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorLeda Talib
Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCharlotte Teunissen
Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorJohn Q. Trojanowski
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center (ADNI Biomarker Core), Philadelphia, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorHayrettin Tumani
Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorLaszlo Vecsei
Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
Search for more papers by this authorMarcel M. Verbeek
Department of Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Alzheimer Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Alzheimer Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorJing Zhang
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorHenrik Zetterberg
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorKaj Blennow
Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Background
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers amyloid β (Aβ)-42, total-tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated-tau (P-tau) demonstrate good diagnostic accuracy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there are large variations in biomarker measurements between studies, and between and within laboratories. The Alzheimer's Association has initiated a global quality control program to estimate and monitor variability of measurements, quantify batch-to-batch assay variations, and identify sources of variability. In this article, we present the results from the first two rounds of the program.
Methods
The program is open for laboratories using commercially available kits for Aβ, T-tau, or P-tau. CSF samples (aliquots of pooled CSF) are sent for analysis several times a year from the Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory at the Mölndal campus of the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. Each round consists of three quality control samples.
Results
Forty laboratories participated. Twenty-six used INNOTEST enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, 14 used Luminex xMAP with the INNO-BIA AlzBio3 kit (both measure Aβ-(1-42), P-tau(181P), and T-tau), and 5 used Meso Scale Discovery with the Aβ triplex (AβN-42, AβN-40, and AβN-38) or T-tau kits. The total coefficients of variation between the laboratories were 13% to 36%. Five laboratories analyzed the samples six times on different occasions. Within-laboratory precisions differed considerably between biomarkers within individual laboratories.
Conclusions
Measurements of CSF AD biomarkers show large between-laboratory variability, likely caused by factors related to analytical procedures and the analytical kits. Standardization of laboratory procedures and efforts by kit vendors to increase kit performance might lower variability, and will likely increase the usefulness of CSF AD biomarkers.
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