1The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
2School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
3School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
4Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
5School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
6Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.
Address correspondence to: Zhao-min Liu, PhD, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China. E-mail: [email protected]
Received 12 November, 2015
Revised 19 April, 2016
Accepted 19 April, 2016
Z.-.m.L. conceptualized the study, conducted data collection, analyzed the data, and drafted the article. S.C.H., Z.-m.L., Y.-m.C., and J.W. obtained the grants. D.C. provided statistical consultation. All the co-authors critically commented and revised the article.
This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki, and all procedures involving human participants were approved by the institutional review board of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Funding/support: The study was funded by Hong Kong Research Grant Committee—General Research Fund (RGC-GRF465810 and CUHK4450/06 M) and Direct Grant of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (4054150).
Financial disclosure/conflicts of interest: None reported.
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