Isoflavone, Glyphosate, and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid Levels in Seeds of Glyphosate-Treated, Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean
Abstract
The estrogenic isoflavones of soybeans and their glycosides are products of the shikimate pathway, the target pathway of glyphosate. This study tested the hypothesis that nonphytotoxic levels of glyphosate and other herbicides known to affect phenolic compound biosynthesis might influence levels of these nutraceutical compounds in glyphosate-resistant soybeans. The effects of glyphosate and other herbicides were determined on estrogenic isoflavones and shikimate in glyphosate-resistant soybeans from identical experiments conducted on different cultivars in Mississippi and Missouri. Four commonly used herbicide treatments were compared to a hand-weeded control. The herbicide treatments were (1) glyphosate at 1260 g/ha at 3 weeks after planting (WAP), followed by glyphosate at 840 g/ha at 6 WAP; (2) sulfentrazone at 168 g/ha plus chlorimuron at 34 g/ha applied preemergence (PRE), followed by glyphosate at 1260 g/ha at 6 WAP; (3) sulfentrazone at 168 g/ha plus chlorimuron at 34 g/ha applied PRE, followed by glyphosate at 1260 g/ha at full bloom; and (4) sulfentrazone at 168 g/ha plus chlorimuron at 34 g/ha applied PRE, followed by acifluorfen at 280 g/ha plus bentazon at 560 g/ha plus clethodim at 140 g/ha at 6 WAP. Soybeans were harvested at maturity, and seeds were analyzed for daidzein, daidzin, genistein, genistin, glycitin, glycitein, shikimate, glyphosate, and the glyphosate degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA). There were no remarkable effects of any treatment on the contents of any of the biosynthetic compounds in soybean seed from either test site, indicating that early and later season applications of glyphosate have no effects on phytoestrogen levels in glyphosate-resistant soybeans. Glyphosate and AMPA residues were higher in seeds from treatment 3 than from the other two treatments in which glyphosate was used earlier. Intermediate levels were found in treatments 1 and 2. Low levels of glyphosate and AMPA were found in treatment 4 and a hand-weeded control, apparently due to herbicide drift.
Keywords: Aminomethylphosphonic acid; glyphosate; herbicide-resistant crop; isoflavone; shikimic acid; transgenic crop
*
Corresponding author [telephone (662) 915-1036; fax (662) 915-1035; e-mail [email protected]].
†
USDA-ARS Natural Products Utilization Research Unit.
‡
USDA-ARS Southern Weed Science Research Unit.
§
Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri.
Cited By
This article is cited by 139 publications.
- John W. Finley, Stephen O. Duke. Agnes Rimando, a Pioneer in the Fate of Glyphosate and Its Primary Metabolite in Plants. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2020, 68 (20) , 5623-5630. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00811
- Élise Smedbol, Marc Lucotte, Sophie Maccario, Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes, Serge Paquet, Matthieu Moingt, Lila Lucero Celis Mercier, Millaray Rayen Perez Sobarzo, Marc-André Blouin. Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid Content in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean Leaves, Stems, and Roots and Associated Phytotoxicity Following a Single Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Application. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2019, 67 (22) , 6133-6142. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00949
- Krishna N. Reddy, James V. Cizdziel, Martin M. Williams, II, Jude E. Maul, Agnes M. Rimando, Stephen O. Duke. Glyphosate Resistance Technology Has Minimal or No Effect on Maize Mineral Content and Yield. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2018, 66 (39) , 10139-10146. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01655
- Elza Alves Corrêa, Franck E. Dayan, Daniel K. Owens, Agnes M. Rimando, and Stephen O. Duke . Glyphosate-Resistant and Conventional Canola (Brassica napus L.) Responses to Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) Treatment. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2016, 64 (18) , 3508-3513. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00446
- Stefan Ehling and Todime M. Reddy . Analysis of Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid in Nutritional Ingredients and Milk by Derivatization with Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl Chloride and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2015, 63 (48) , 10562-10568. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04453
- Brandon J. Fast, Ariane C. Schafer, Tempest Y. Johnson, Brian L. Potts, and Rod A. Herman . Insect-Protected Event DAS-81419-2 Soybean (Glycine max L.) Grown in the United States and Brazil Is Compositionally Equivalent to Nontransgenic Soybean. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2015, 63 (7) , 2063-2073. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf505015y
- Daniela N. Ribeiro, Vijay K. Nandula, Franck E. Dayan, Agnes M. Rimando, Stephen O. Duke, Krishna N. Reddy, and David R. Shaw . Possible Glyphosate Tolerance Mechanism in Pitted Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2015, 63 (6) , 1689-1697. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf5055722
- Rod A. Herman , William D. Price . Unintended Compositional Changes in Genetically Modified (GM) Crops: 20 Years of Research. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2013, 61 (48) , 11695-11701. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf400135r
- Savithiry Natarajan, Devanand Luthria, Hanhong Bae, Dilip Lakshman, and Amitava Mitra . Transgenic Soybeans and Soybean Protein Analysis: An Overview. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2013, 61 (48) , 11736-11743. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf402148e
- Stephen O. Duke, John Lydon, William C. Koskinen, Thomas B. Moorman, Rufus L. Chaney, and Raymond Hammerschmidt . Glyphosate Effects on Plant Mineral Nutrition, Crop Rhizosphere Microbiota, and Plant Disease in Glyphosate-Resistant Crops. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2012, 60 (42) , 10375-10397. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf302436u
- Stephen O. Duke, Krishna N. Reddy, Kaixuan Bu, and James V. Cizdziel . Effects of Glyphosate on the Mineral Content of Glyphosate-Resistant Soybeans (Glycine max). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2012, 60 (27) , 6764-6771. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf3014603
- Stephen O. Duke . Glyphosate Degradation in Glyphosate-Resistant and -Susceptible Crops and Weeds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2011, 59 (11) , 5835-5841. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf102704x
- Luiz H. S. Zobiole, Rubem S. Oliveira, Jr., Jesui V. Visentainer, Robert J. Kremer, Nacer Bellaloui and Tsuioshi Yamada . Glyphosate Affects Seed Composition in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2010, 58 (7) , 4517-4522. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf904342t
- Krishna N. Reddy, Agnes M. Rimando, Stephen O. Duke and Vijay K. Nandula. Aminomethylphosphonic Acid Accumulation in Plant Species Treated with Glyphosate. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2008, 56 (6) , 2125-2130. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf072954f
- Vijay K. Nandula,, Krishna N. Reddy,, Agnes M. Rimando,, Stephen O. Duke, and, Daniel H. Poston. Glyphosate-Resistant and -Susceptible Soybean (Glycine max) and Canola (Brassica napus) Dose Response and Metabolism Relationships with Glyphosate. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2007, 55 (9) , 3540-3545. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf063568l
- Nuria de María,, José M. Becerril,, José I. García-Plazaola,, Antonio Hernández,, María R. de Felipe, and, Mercedes Fernández-Pascual. New Insights on Glyphosate Mode of Action in Nodular Metabolism: Role of Shikimate Accumulation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2006, 54 (7) , 2621-2628. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf058166c
- Krishna N. Reddy,, Agnes M. Rimando, and, Stephen O. Duke. Aminomethylphosphonic Acid, a Metabolite of Glyphosate, Causes Injury in Glyphosate-Treated, Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2004, 52 (16) , 5139-5143. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049605v
- Su-Hsiang Tseng,, Yi-Wen Lo,, Pi-Chiou Chang,, Shin-Shou Chou, and, Hung-Min Chang. Simultaneous Quantification of Glyphosate, Glufosinate, and Their Major Metabolites in Rice and Soybean Sprouts by Gas Chromatography with Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2004, 52 (13) , 4057-4063. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049973z
- John R. Caradus. Intended and unintended consequences of genetically modified crops – myth, fact and/or manageable outcomes?. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 2023, 66 (6) , 519-619. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2022.2141273
- Olutobi Daniel Ogunbiyi, Damilola Olayinka Akamo, Esther Ebunoluwa Oluwasanmi, Joseph Adebanjo, Busayo Adefolaju Isafiade, Taiwo John Ogunbiyi, Yakubu Adekunle Alli, David Temitope Ayodele, Peter Olusakin Oladoye. Glyphosate-based herbicide: Impacts, detection, and removal strategies in environmental samples. Groundwater for Sustainable Development 2023, 22 , 100961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2023.100961
- Vitor Simionato Bidóia, José Cristimiano dos Santos Neto, Cleber Daniel de Goes Maciel, Leandro Tropaldi, Caio Antonio Carbonari, Stephen Oscar Duke, Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho. Lack of Significant Effects of Glyphosate on Glyphosate-Resistant Maize in Different Field Locations. Agronomy 2023, 13 (4) , 1071. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041071
- Jillian Ashley-Martin, Rong Huang, Susan MacPherson, Orly Brion, James Owen, Eric Gaudreau, Jean-Francois Bienvenu, Mandy Fisher, Michael M. Borghese, Maryse F. Bouchard, Bruce Lanphear, Warren G. Foster, Tye E. Arbuckle. Urinary concentrations and determinants of glyphosate and glufosinate in pregnant Canadian participants in the MIREC study. Environmental Research 2023, 217 , 114842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114842
- Asifa Hameed, Cristina Rosa, Edwin G. Rajotte. A Review on Ecology of Interactions in Soybean Vein Necrosis Orthotospovirus (SVNV): Plants, Vectors, Virus Dispersal and Management Perspectives. 2022https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102423
- Amaranatha Reddy Vennapusa, Subham Agarwal, Hanumanth Rao Hm, Thiagarayaselvam Aarthy, K.C. Babitha, Hirekodathakallu V. Thulasiram, Mahesh J. Kulkarni, Kalpalatha Melmaiee, Chinta Sudhakar, M. Udayakumar, Ramu S Vemanna. Stacking herbicide detoxification and resistant genes improves glyphosate tolerance and reduces phytotoxicity in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2022, 189 , 126-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.025
- Karen Larsen, Adrián Lifschitz, Rocío Fernández San Juan, Guillermo Virkel. Metabolic stability of glyphosate and its environmental metabolite (aminomethylphosphonic acid) in the ruminal content of cattle. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 2022, 39 (4) , 740-751. https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2032382
- Zachery Ryan Jarrell, Muslah Uddin Ahammad, Andrew Parks Benson. Reproductive toxicity of roundup®-treated feed on broiler breeder roosters and the amelioration of these deleterious effects with inclusion of humic acids in feed.. Veterinary and Animal Science 2021, 14 , 100215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2021.100215
- Guilherme Pires D'avila de Almeida, Kassio Ferreira Mendes, Jussara Borges Regitano, Nivea Maria Piccolomini Dias, Ana Carolina Dias Guimarães, Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo. Using 14 C-glyphosate to investigate the distribution of two formulations in transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybean. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B 2021, 56 (9) , 809-813. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2021.1956250
- Clay M. Perkins, Thomas C. Mueller, Lawrence E. Steckel. Survey of glyphosate-resistant junglerice ( Echinochloa colona ) accessions in dicamba-resistant crops in Tennessee. Weed Technology 2021, 35 (3) , 412-418. https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2020.131
- Adrian A. Franke, Xingnan Li, Yurii B. Shvetsov, Jennifer F. Lai. Pilot study on the urinary excretion of the glyphosate metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid and breast cancer risk: The Multiethnic Cohort study. Environmental Pollution 2021, 277 , 116848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116848
- I.G. Bressán, S.F. Llesuy, C. Rodriguez, A. Ferloni, A.R. Dawidowski, S.B. Figar, M.I. Giménez. Optimization and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of glyphosate in human urine after pre-column derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride. Journal of Chromatography B 2021, 1171 , 122616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122616
- Christopher D. Viljoen, B. J. Koortzen, Sandhya Sreenivasan Tantuan. Determining the presence of glyphosate and glyphosate-tolerant events in maize and soybean food products in South Africa. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B 2021, 14 (2) , 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2021.1872713
- Moulay Abdelmajid Kassem. Environmental Factors Affecting Isoflavone Contents. 2021, 497-511. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82906-3_9
- Nadia Regina Rodrigues, Ana Paula Ferreira de Souza, Pedro Patric Pinho Morais, Daniella Pascon Vianna Braga, Augusto Cesar Crivellari, Luís Roberto Graça Favoretto, Geraldo Ubirajara Berger. Residues of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in genetically modified glyphosate tolerant soybean, corn and cotton crops. Ciência Rural 2021, 51 (1) https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190244
- Zachery Ryan Jarrell, Muslah Uddin Ahammad, Andrew Parks Benson. Glyphosate-based herbicide formulations and reproductive toxicity in animals. Veterinary and Animal Science 2020, 10 , 100126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2020.100126
- Stephen O. Duke. Glyphosate: environmental fate and impact. Weed Science 2020, 68 (3) , 201-207. https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2019.28
- Anowarul Islam, Md Sadikul Islam, Md Nazim Uddin, Mir Md Iqbal Hasan, Md Rashedunnabi Akanda. The potential health benefits of the isoflavone glycoside genistin. Archives of Pharmacal Research 2020, 43 (4) , 395-408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-020-01233-2
- Élise Smedbol, Marc Lucotte, Gilles Tremblay, Matthieu Moingt, Serge Paquet, Jérôme Bernier Brillon, Émile Samson‐Brais. Weed management strategies effect on glyphosate‐tolerant maize and soybean yields and quality. Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment 2020, 3 (1) https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.20088
- Stephen O. Duke. Glyphosate: Uses Other Than in Glyphosate-Resistant Crops, Mode of Action, Degradation in Plants, and Effects on Non-target Plants and Agricultural Microbes. 2020, 1-65. https://doi.org/10.1007/398_2020_53
- Juliana Miyazaki, Andreas Bauer-Panskus, Thomas Bøhn, Wolfram Reichenbecher, Christoph Then. Insufficient risk assessment of herbicide-tolerant genetically engineered soybeans intended for import into the EU. Environmental Sciences Europe 2019, 31 (1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-019-0274-1
- Thomas Bøhn, Erik Millstone. The Introduction of Thousands of Tonnes of Glyphosate in the food Chain—An Evaluation of Glyphosate Tolerant Soybeans. Foods 2019, 8 (12) , 669. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8120669
- Vijay K. Nandula, Dean E. Riechers, Yurdagul Ferhatoglu, Michael Barrett, Stephen O. Duke, Franck E. Dayan, Alina Goldberg-Cavalleri, Catherine Tétard-Jones, David J. Wortley, Nawaporn Onkokesung, Melissa Brazier-Hicks, Robert Edwards, Todd Gaines, Satoshi Iwakami, Mithila Jugulam, Rong Ma. Herbicide Metabolism: Crop Selectivity, Bioactivation, Weed Resistance, and Regulation. Weed Science 2019, 67 (2) , 149-175. https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2018.88
- Flávia R. Costa, Rafael Rech, Stephen O. Duke, Leonardo B. Carvalho. Lack of effects of glyphosate and glufosinate on growth, mineral content, and yield of glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant maize. GM Crops & Food 2018, 9 (4) , 189-198. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2018.1511204
- Stephen O Duke, Agnes M Rimando, Krishna N Reddy, James V Cizdziel, Nacer Bellaloui, David R Shaw, Martin M Williams, Jude E Maul. Lack of transgene and glyphosate effects on yield, and mineral and amino acid content of glyphosate‐resistant soybean. Pest Management Science 2018, 74 (5) , 1166-1173. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4625
- Stephen O Duke. The history and current status of glyphosate. Pest Management Science 2018, 74 (5) , 1027-1034. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4652
- Coralia Bleotu, Lilia Matei, Laura D. Dragu, Liana Grigorescu, Carmen C. Diaconu, Gabriela Anton. Methods for Plant Genetic Modification. 2018, 385-401. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811519-0.00015-7
- Thomas Bøhn. Criticism of EFSA's scientific opinion on combinatorial effects of ‘stacked’ GM plants. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2018, 111 , 268-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.023
- Lu Fan, Yucheng Feng, David B. Weaver, Dennis P. Delaney, Glenn R. Wehtje, Guoying Wang. Glyphosate effects on symbiotic nitrogen fixation in glyphosate-resistant soybean. Applied Soil Ecology 2017, 121 , 11-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.09.015
- Pablo T. Fernández-Moreno, Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz, Reid J. Smeda, Rafael De Prado. Differential Resistance Mechanisms to Glyphosate Result in Fitness Cost for Lolium perenne and L. multiflorum. Frontiers in Plant Science 2017, 8 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01796
- Mariluce Nepomuceno, Nuria Chinchilla, Rosa M Varela, José MG Molinillo, Rodney Lacret, Pedro LCA Alves, Francisco A Macias. Chemical evidence for the effect of Urochloa ruziziensis on glyphosate‐resistant soybeans. Pest Management Science 2017, 73 (10) , 2071-2078. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4578
- Thomas Bøhn, Gabor L. Lövei. Complex Outcomes from Insect and Weed Control with Transgenic Plants: Ecological Surprises?. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2017, 5 https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2017.00060
- Glynn C. Percival. The influence of glyphosate on carotenoid pigments, reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes and secondary stress metabolites within leaf tissue of three Acer species. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2017, 24 , 19-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2017.03.018
- Jichul Bae, Robert E. Nurse, Marie-Josée Simard, Eric R. Page. Managing glyphosate-resistant common ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia ): effect of glyphosate-phenoxy tank mixes on growth, fecundity, and seed viability. Weed Science 2017, 65 (1) , 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-16-00094.1
- M.C. Lamb, R. B. Sorensen, C.L. Butts, P.M. Dang, C.Y. Chen, R.S. Arias. Chemical Interruption of Late Season Flowering to Improve Harvested Peanut Maturity. Peanut Science 2017, 44 (1) , 60-65. https://doi.org/10.3146/PS16-2.1
- Shahla Hosseini Bai, Steven M. Ogbourne. Glyphosate: environmental contamination, toxicity and potential risks to human health via food contamination. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2016, 23 (19) , 18988-19001. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7425-3
- Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes, Sarah Gingras Le Manac'h, Sophie Maccario, Michel Labrecque, Marc Lucotte, Philippe Juneau. Differential effects of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) on photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism in willow plants. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 2016, 130 , 65-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.11.010
- Constantin Jamil, Silv eacute rio de Oliveira Jr Rubem, Antonio Gheno Eliezer, Fernando Biffe Denis, Braga Pereira Braz Guilherme, Weber Fernanda, Kagueyama Takano Hudson. Prevention of yield losses caused by glyphosate in soybeans with biostimulant. African Journal of Agricultural Research 2016, 11 (18) , 1601-1607. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2016.10809
- Marek Cuhra, Thomas Bøhn, Petr Cuhra. Glyphosate: Too Much of a Good Thing?. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2016, 4 https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2016.00028
- F M L Silva, S O Duke, F E Dayan, E D Velini, . Low doses of glyphosate change the responses of soyabean to subsequent glyphosate treatments. Weed Research 2016, 56 (2) , 124-136. https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12189
- William C Koskinen, LeEtta J Marek, Kathleen E Hall. Analysis of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in water, plant materials and soil. Pest Management Science 2016, 72 (3) , 423-432. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4172
- Lars C. Schrübbers, Bernal E. Valverde, Bjarne W. Strobel, Nina Cedergreen. Glyphosate accumulation, translocation, and biological effects in Coffea arabica after single and multiple exposures. European Journal of Agronomy 2016, 74 , 133-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2015.11.023
- T. Bøhn, M. Cuhra, T. Traavik, J. Fagan. Are Ready for Market Genetically Modified, Conventional and Organic Soybeans Substantially Equivalent as Food and Feed?. 2016, 181-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-802259-7.00017-8
- Lars C. Schrübbers, Mario Masís-Mora, Elizabeth Carazo Rojas, Bernal E. Valverde, Jan H. Christensen, Nina Cedergreen. Analysis of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in leaves from Coffea arabica using high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole mass spectrometry detection. Talanta 2016, 146 , 609-620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2015.07.059
- FardousSoror Karawya, El SayedAly Mohamed Metwally. Structural changes in pancreatic acinar cells and β-cells of rat fed with genetically modified corn. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Anatomy 2016, 15 (2) , 77. https://doi.org/10.4103/1596-2393.200918
- Hongjuan Han, Bo Zhu, Xiaoyan Fu, Shuanghong You, Bo Wang, Zhenjun Li, Wei Zhao, Rihe Peng, Quanhong Yao. Overexpression of d-amino acid oxidase from Bradyrhizobium japonicum, enhances resistance to glyphosate in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Reports 2015, 34 (12) , 2043-2051. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-015-1850-5
- Shin-Yi Lin, Yu-Chang Lo, Yu-Kai Chen, Shuo-Chieh Yang, Jeng-Leun Mau. Nonvolatile Taste Components and Functional Compounds of Commercial Soy Sauce Products. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 2015, 39 (6) , 2680-2686. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.12518
- Marek Cuhra. Review of GMO safety assessment studies: glyphosate residues in Roundup Ready crops is an ignored issue. Environmental Sciences Europe 2015, 27 (1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-015-0052-7
- Christian Busch, Markus Burkard, Christian Leischner, Ulrich M. Lauer, Jan Frank, Sascha Venturelli. Epigenetic activities of flavonoids in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Clinical Epigenetics 2015, 7 (1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-015-0095-z
- Juan Zhang, Oliver Yu. Metabolic Engineering of Isoflavone Biosynthesis in Seeds. 2015, 151-176. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr51.c7
- M. Cuhra, T. Traavik, T. Bøhn. Life cycle fitness differences in Daphnia magna fed Roundup-Ready soybean or conventional soybean or organic soybean. Aquaculture Nutrition 2015, 21 (5) , 702-713. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12199
- Pei Yao, Yongjun Lin, Gaobing Wu, Yulin Lu, Tao Zhan, Ashok Kumar, Lili Zhang, Ziduo Liu. Improvement of glycine oxidase by DNA shuffling, and site-saturation mutagenesis of F247 residue. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2015, 79 , 965-970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.030
- Rocío Alarcón‐Reverte, Alejandro García, Susan B Watson, Ibrahim Abdallah, Sebastián Sabaté, María J Hernández, Franck E Dayan, Albert J Fischer. Concerted action of target‐site mutations and high EPSPS activity in glyphosate‐resistant junglerice ( Echinochloa colona ) from California. Pest Management Science 2015, 71 (7) , 996-1007. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3878
- T. Arkan, I. Molnár-Perl. The role of derivatization techniques in the analysis of glyphosate and aminomethyl-phosphonic acid by chromatography. Microchemical Journal 2015, 121 , 99-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2015.02.007
- Gabriela Rezende Costa, Nilton de Oliveira Couto e Silva, José Marcos Gontijo Mandarino, Rodrigo Santos Leite, Nilson César Castanheira Guimarães, Roberto Gonçalves Junqueira, Renata Adriana Labanca. Isoflavone and Mineral Content in Conventional and Transgenic Soybean Cultivars. American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015, 06 (13) , 2051-2059. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.613205
- Marek Cuhra, Terje Traavik, Mickaël Dando, Raul Primicerio, Daniel Ferreira Holderbaum, Thomas Bøhn. Glyphosate-Residues in Roundup-Ready Soybean Impair Daphnia magna Life-Cycle. Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2015, 04 (01) , 24-36. https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2015.41003
- Gilles-Eric Séralini, Emilie Clair, Robin Mesnage, Steeve Gress, Nicolas Defarge, Manuela Malatesta, Didier Hennequin, Joël Spiroux de Vendômois. Republished study: long-term toxicity of a Roundup herbicide and a Roundup-tolerantgenetically modified maize. Environmental Sciences Europe 2014, 26 (1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-014-0014-5
- Arthur A. M. Barroso, Alfredo J. P. Albrecht, Fabricia C. Dos Reis, Henrique F. Placido, Roberto E. Toledo, Leandro P. Albrecht, Ricardo V. Filho. Different Glyphosate Susceptibility in Chloris polydactyla Accessions. Weed Technology 2014, 28 (4) , 587-591. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-D-14-00039.1
- Marcelo P. Gomes, Elise Smedbol, Annie Chalifour, Louise Hénault-Ethier, Michel Labrecque, Laurent Lepage, Marc Lucotte, Philippe Juneau. Alteration of plant physiology by glyphosate and its by-product aminomethylphosphonic acid: an overview. Journal of Experimental Botany 2014, 65 (17) , 4691-4703. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru269
- A. Nicolia, N. Ferradini, G. Molla, E. Biagetti, L. Pollegioni, F. Veronesi, D. Rosellini. Expression of an evolved engineered variant of a bacterial glycine oxidase leads to glyphosate resistance in alfalfa. Journal of Biotechnology 2014, 184 , 201-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.05.020
- Laura Arango, Katharina Buddrus-Schiemann, Katja Opelt, Tillmann Lueders, Felix Haesler, Michael Schmid, Dieter Ernst, Anton Hartmann. Effects of glyphosate on the bacterial community associated with roots of transgenic Roundup Ready® soybean. European Journal of Soil Biology 2014, 63 , 41-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2014.05.005
- Giani Mariza Bärwald Bohm, Cesar Valmor Rombaldi, Maria Inés Genovese, Danilo Castilhos, Bruno José Rodrigues Alves, Norma Gouvêa Rumjanek. Glyphosate Effects on Yield, Nitrogen Fixation, and Seed Quality in Glyphosate‐Resistant Soybean. Crop Science 2014, 54 (4) , 1737-1743. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2013.07.0470
- T. Bøhn, M. Cuhra, T. Traavik, M. Sanden, J. Fagan, R. Primicerio. Compositional differences in soybeans on the market: Glyphosate accumulates in Roundup Ready GM soybeans. Food Chemistry 2014, 153 , 207-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.054
- L.P. Albrecht, A.J.P. Albrecht, A.L. Braccini, R.S. Oliveira Jr., L.H.S. Zobiole, M.R. Ávila. The role of glyphosate in RR soybean production and seed quality. Planta Daninha 2014, 32 (2) , 401-407. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582014000200018
- Robin Mesnage, Gilles‐Éric Séralini. The Need for a Closer Look at Pesticide Toxicity during GMO Assessment. 2014, 167-189. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118474563.ch10
- Cristiano Bellé, Stela Maris Kulczynski, Claudir José Basso, Tiago Edu Kaspary, Fabiane Pinto Lamego, Marlo Adriano Bison Pinto. Yield and quality of wheat seeds as a function of desiccation stages and herbicides. Journal of Seed Science 2014, 36 (1) , 63-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/S2317-15372014000100008
- Caio Antonio Carbonari, Giovanna Larissa Gimenes Cotrick Gomes, Edivaldo Domingues Velini, Renato Fernandes Machado, Plinio Saulo Simões, Gabrielle de Castro Macedo. Glyphosate Effects on Sugarcane Metabolism and Growth. American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014, 05 (24) , 3585-3593. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2014.524374
- E. A. Abdel-Rahim, H. S. El-Beltagi, R. M. Romela. White Bean seeds and Pomegranate peel and fruit seeds as hypercholesterolemic and hypolipidemic agents in albino rats. Grasas y Aceites 2013, 64 (1) , 50-58. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.095412
- Rocío Alarcón-Reverte, Alejandro García, Jaime Urzúa, Albert J. Fischer. Resistance to Glyphosate in Junglerice ( Echinochloa colona ) from California. Weed Science 2013, 61 (1) , 48-54. https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-D-12-00073.1
- Gilles-Eric Séralini, Emilie Clair, Robin Mesnage, Steeve Gress, Nicolas Defarge, Manuela Malatesta, Didier Hennequin, Joël Spiroux de Vendômois. RETRACTED: Long term toxicity of a Roundup herbicide and a Roundup-tolerant genetically modified maize. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2012, 50 (11) , 4221-4231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.08.005
- Jong-Yeong Pyon, Md. Romij Uddin, Sang-Woo Kim, Kee-Woong Park. Research Trends in Hormetic Stimulation Effects of Herbicides in Plants. Korean Journal of Weed Science 2012, 32 (3) , 159-169. https://doi.org/10.5660/KJWS.2012.32.3.159
- D.A.S. Franco, S.D.B. Almeida, A.L. Cerdeira, S.O. Duke, R.M. Moraes, A.L.S. Lacerda, M.B. Matallo. Avaliação do uso de glyphosate em soja geneticamente modificada e sua relação com o ácido chiquímico. Planta Daninha 2012, 30 (3) , 659-666. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582012000300023
- A.V Schwan-Stoffel, W.L Gavassoni, L.M.A Bacchi. Germinação de Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sid. & P. Sid. sob diferentes herbicidas. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 2012, 79 (3) , 381-387. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1808-16572012000300008
- S.D. Cavalieri, E.D. Velini, F.M.L. Silva, A.R. São José, G.J.M Andrade. Acúmulo de nutrientes e matéria seca na parte aérea de dois cultivares de soja RR sob efeito de formulações de glyphosate. Planta Daninha 2012, 30 (2) , 349-358. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582012000200014
- Nesma A. Z. Sarhan, Ezzeldein S. El-Denshary, Nabila S. Hassan, Ferial M. Abu-Salem, Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab. Isoflavones-Enriched Soy Protein Prevents CCL 4 -Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. ISRN Pharmacology 2012, 2012 , 1-8. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/347930
- Mariana Zampar Toledo, Cláudio Cavariani, José de Barros França-Neto. Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja colhidas em duas épocas após dessecação com glyphosate. Revista Brasileira de Sementes 2012, 34 (1) , 134-142. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-31222012000100017
- Leandro Paiola Albrecht, André Prechlak Barbosa, André Felipe Moreira Silva, Matheus Akiyama Mendes, Alfredo Júnior Paiola Albrecht, Marizangela Rizzatti Ávila. RR soybean seed quality after application of glyphosate in different stages of crop development. Revista Brasileira de Sementes 2012, 34 (3) , 373-381. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-31222012000300003
- Gijs A Kleter, John B Unsworth, Caroline A Harris. The impact of altered herbicide residues in transgenic herbicide‐resistant crops on standard setting for herbicide residues. Pest Management Science 2011, 67 (10) , 1193-1210. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2128
- L.P Albrecht, A.P Barbosa, A.F.M Silva, M.A Mendes, L.M Maraschi-Silva, A.J.P Albrecht. Desempenho da soja roundup ready sob aplicação de glyphosate em diferentes estádios. Planta Daninha 2011, 29 (3) , 585-590. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582011000300012
- Wei Ding, Krishna N. Reddy, Robert M. Zablotowicz, Nacer Bellaloui, H. Arnold Bruns. Physiological responses of glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-sensitive soybean to aminomethylphosphonic acid, a metabolite of glyphosate. Chemosphere 2011, 83 (4) , 593-598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.12.008
- L.H.S. Zobiole, R.S. Oliveira Jr., J. Constantin, D.F. Biffe. Prevenção de injúrias causadas por glyphosate em soja RR por meio do uso de aminoácido. Planta Daninha 2011, 29 (1) , 195-205. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582011000100022
- Luiz H.S. Zobiole, Robert J. Kremer, Rubem S. Oliveira, Jamil Constantin. Glyphosate affects chlorophyll, nodulation and nutrient accumulation of “second generation” glyphosate-resistant soybean (Glycine max L.). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 2011, 99 (1) , 53-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2010.10.005