Skip to main content
Search
Search
Quick Search anywhere
Advanced Search
Original Article

Biopsychosocial Factors of Depression Among Hispanic Women Aged ≥50 Years

    Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 2023;61(11):32–42
    Published Online:June 02, 2023https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20230523-04

    Abstract

    The purpose of the current study was to identify biopsychosocial factors associated with depressive symptoms among Hispanic women aged ≥50 years. Cross-sectional data related to 10 biological, psychological, and social factors were analyzed. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale scores suggested that 32% of the sample had depressive symptoms. Self-esteem, self-perception of health status, income, and chronic pain had statistically significant associations with depressive symptoms. A logistic regression analysis showed that increasing self-esteem scores were associated with decreases in the likelihood of having depressive symptoms. Findings underscore that depression is associated with biological, psychological, and social factors. Culturally tailored interventions that aim at targeting these factors may have an impact on Hispanic women's depression and overall well-being. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61(11), 32–42.]

    • Alegría M., Mulvaney-Day N., Torres M., Polo A., Cao Z., & Canino G. (2007). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders across La- tino subgroups in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 97(1), 68–75. 10.2105/AJPH.2006.087205 PMID: 17138910

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.).

      > Google Scholar
    • American Psychological Association. (2019). APA clinical practice guideline for the treatment of depression across three age cohorts. https://www.apa.org/depression-guideline/guideline.pdf

      > Google Scholar
    • Bandura A. (1998). Health promotion from the perspective of social cognitive theory. Psychology & Health, 13(4), 623–649. 10.1080/08870449808407422

      > CrossrefGoogle Scholar
    • Barrera I., & Longoria D. (2018). Examining cultural mental health care barriers among Latinos. Journal for Leadership, Equity, and Research, 4(1), 1–12. https://journals.sfu.ca/cvj/index.php/cvj/article/view/35

      > Google Scholar
    • Camacho D., Estrada E., Lagomasino I. T., Aranda M. P., & Green J. (2018). Descriptions of depression and depression treatment in older Hispanic immigrants in a geriatric collaborative care program. Aging & Mental Health, 22(8), 1050–1056. 10.1080/13607863.2017.1332159 PMID: 28553893

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Cano M. Á., Rojas P., Ramírez-Ortiz D., Sánchez M., & De La Rosa M. (2020). Depression and gender roles among Hispanic immigrant women: Examining associations of gender egalitarianism, marianismo, and self-silencing. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 31(2), 713–723. 10.1353/hpu.2020.0056 PMID: 32999583

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Racial and ethnic disparities in the prevalence of stress and worry, mental health conditions, and increased substance use among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic — United States, April and May 2020. 10.15585/mmwr.mm7005a3

      > CrossrefGoogle Scholar
    • Consumer Affairs. (2023). Elderly population in the U.S. by state. https://www.consumeraffairs.com/homeowners/elderly-population-by-state.html

      > Google Scholar
    • Cordero E. D. (2021). Weight-problem perception, depression, and emotional eating among Latinas in the U.S. Eating Behaviors, 41, 101494. 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101494 PMID: 33894658

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Dahlhamer J., Lucas J., Zelaya C., Nahin R., Mackey S., DeBar L., Kerns R., Von Korff M., Porter L., & Helmick C. (2018). Prevalence of chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain among adults—United States, 2016. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67, 1001–1006. 10.15585/mmwr.mm6736a2 PMID: 30212442

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Darimont T., Karavasiloglou N., Hysaj O., Richard A., & Rohrmann S. (2020). Body weight and self-perception are associated with depression: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2016. Journal of Affective Disorders, 274, 929–934. 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.130 PMID: 32664034

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Dela Cruz J. J., Karpiak S. E., Brennan-Ing M., & Papanikolaou N. (2014). Health outcomes for older Hispanics with HIV in New York City using the Oaxaca Decomposition Approach. Global Journal of Health Science, 7(1), 133–143. 10.5539/gjhs.v7n1p133 PMID: 25560348

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • De Oliveira G., Cianelli R., Gattamorta K., Kowalski N., & Peragallo N. (2017). Social determinants of depression among Hispanic women. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 23(1), 28–36. 10.1177/1078390316669230 PMID: 27624770

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Domenichiello A. F., & Ramsden C. E. (2019). The silent epidemic of chronic pain in older adults. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 93, 284–290. 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.04.006 PMID: 31004724

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Engel G. L. (1977). The need for a new medical model: A challenge for biomedicine. Science, 196(4286), 129–136. 10.1126/science.847460 PMID: 847460

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Engel G. L. (1978). The biopsychosocial model and the education of health professionals. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 310, 169–187. 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb22070.x PMID: 290321

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Erikson E. H. (1997). The life cycle completed. W. W. Norton.

      > Google Scholar
    • Errisuriz V. L., Delfausse L., Villatoro A. P., McDaniel M. D., Esparza L., & Parra-Medina D. (2019). Depression and physical activity affect diet quality of foreign-born Latina women living on the US-Mexico border. Nutrients, 11(6), 1254. 10.3390/nu11061254 PMID: 31159475

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Girgus J. S., Yang K., & Ferri C. V. (2017). The gender difference in depression: Are elderly women at greater risk for depression than elderly men? Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland), 2(4), 35. 10.3390/geriatrics2040035 PMID: 31011045

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Gonzalez-Guarda R. M., Vermeesch A. L., Florom-Smith A. L., McCabe B. E., & Peragallo N. P. (2013). Birthplace, culture, self-esteem, and intimate partner violence among community-dwelling Hispanic women. Violence Against Women, 19(1), 6–23. 10.1177/1077801212475336 PMID: 23363655

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Greenberg P. E., Fournier A. A., Sisitsky T., Simes M., Berman R., Koenigsberg S. H., & Kessler R. C. (2021). The economic burden of adults with major depressive disorder in the United States (2010 and 2018). PharmacoEconomics, 39(6), 653–665. 10.1007/s40273-021-01019-4 PMID: 33950419

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • He Z., Bian J., Carretta H. J., Lee J., Hogan W. R., Shenkman E., & Charness N. (2018). Prevalence of multiple chronic conditions among older adults in Florida and the United States: Comparative analysis of the One-Florida Data Trust and National Inpatient Sample. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(4), e137. 10.2196/jmir.8961 PMID: 29650502

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Heilemann M. V., Pieters H. C., & Dornig K. (2016). Reflections of low-income, second-generation Latinas about experiences in depression therapy. Qualitative Health Research, 26(10), 1351–1365. 10.1177/1049732315624411 PMID: 26825479

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Hernandez-Quevedo C. H., Rice N., & Jones A. M. (2008). Sesgo de respuesta y heterogeneidad en salud autopercibida. Evidencia del Panel de Hogares Británico. Cuadernos Económicos De ICE, 75(1), 64–98. 10.32796/cice.2008.75.5931

      > CrossrefGoogle Scholar
    • Hoeft T. J., Fortney J. C., Patel V., & Unützer J. (2018). Task-sharing approaches to improve mental health care in rural and other low-resource settings: A systematic review. The Journal of Rural Health, 34(1), 48–62. 10.1111/jrh.12229 PMID: 28084667

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Hollingshead N. A., Ashburn-Nardo L., Stewart J. C., & Hirsh A. T. (2016). The pain experience of Hispanic Americans: A critical literature review and conceptual model. The Journal of Pain, 17(5), 513–528. 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.10.022 PMID: 26831836

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Hooker K., Phibbs S., Irvin V. L., Mendez-Luck C. A., Doan L. N., Li T., Turner S., & Choun S. (2019). Depression among older adults in the United States by disaggregated race and ethnicity. The Gerontologist, 59(5), 886–891. 10.1093/geront/gny159 PMID: 30561600

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Hossain S., Anjum A., Hasan M. T., Uddin M. E., Hossain M. S., & Sikder M. T. (2020). Self-perception of physical health conditions and its association with depression and anxiety among Bangladeshi university students. Journal of Affective Disorders, 263, 282–288. 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.153 PMID: 31818790

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Hummer R. A., & Hayward M. D. (2015). Hispanic older adult health & longevity in the United States: Current patterns & concerns for the future. Daedalus, 144(2), 20–30. 10.1162/DAED_a_00327 PMID: 26082561

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Järemo P., Arman M., Gerdle B., Larsson B., & Gottberg K. (2017). Illness beliefs among patients with chronic widespread pain: Associations with self-reported health status, anxiety and depressive symptoms and impact of pain. BMC Psychology, 5(1), 24. 10.1186/s40359-017-0192-1 PMID: 28679446

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Jimenez D. E., Martinez Garza D., Cárdenas V., & Marquine M. (2020). Older Latino mental health: A complicated picture. Innovation in Aging, 4(5), igaa033. 10.1093/geroni/igaa033 PMID: 32964142

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Jimenez D. E., Syed S., Perdomo-Johnson D., & Signorile J. F. (2018). ¡Hola, amigos! Toward preventing anxiety and depression in older Latinos. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 26(2), 250–256. 10.1016/j.jagp.2017.06.020 PMID: 28760514

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Kim H., He Y., Pham R., Ravelo G. J., Rojas P., Rodriguez P., Castro G., Barengo N. C., Acuña J. M., & Cyrus E. (2019). Analyzing the association between depression and high-risk sexual behavior among adult Latina immigrant farm workers in Miami-Dade County. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(7), 1120. 10.3390/ijerph16071120 PMID: 30925797

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Kusnanto H., Agustian D., & Hilmanto D. (2018). Biopsychosocial model of illnesses in primary care: A hermeneutic literature review. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 7(3), 497–500. 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_145_17 PMID: 30112296

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Larsson C., Hansson E. E., Sundquist K., & Jakobsson U. (2017). Chronic pain in older adults: Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 46(4), 317–325. 10.1080/03009742.2016.1218543 PMID: 27885914

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Lopez V., Sanchez K., Killian M. O., & Eghaneyan B. H. (2018). Depression screening and education: An examination of mental health literacy and stigma in a sample of Hispanic women. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 646. 10.1186/s12889-018-5516-4 PMID: 29788998

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Marrs Fuchsel C. L., & Brummett A. (2021). Intimate partner violence prevention and intervention group-format programs for immigrant Latinas: A systematic review. Journal of Family Violence, 36(2), 209–221. 10.1007/s10896-020-00160-6 PMID: 32836734

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Mendoza-Vasconez A. S., Marquez B., Linke S., Arredondo E. M., & Marcus B. H. (2019). Effect of physical activity on depression symptoms and perceived stress in Latinas: A mediation analysis. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 16, 31–37. 10.1016/j.mhpa.2019.03.001 PMID: 31853264

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Mitrani V. B., McCabe B. E., Gonzalez-Guarda R. M., Florom-Smith A., & Peragallo N. (2013). Participation in SEPA, a sexual and relational health intervention for Hispanic women. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 35(7), 849–866. 10.1177/0193945913480276 PMID: 23493674

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Morcillo Cebolla V., de Lorenzo-Cáceres Ascanio A., Domínguez Ruiz de León P., Rodríguez Barrientos R., & Torijano Castillo M. J. (2014). Health inequalities in self-perceived health among older adults in Spain [article in Spanish]. Gaceta Sanitaria, 28(6), 511–521. 10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.05.008 PMID: 25189674

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • National Alliance of Mental Illness. (2021). Hispanic/Latinx. https://www.nami.org/Your-Journey/Identity-and-Cultural-Dimensions/Hispanic-Latinx

      > Google Scholar
    • National Center for Health Statistics. (2020). Symptoms of depression among adults: United States, 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db379.htm

      > Google Scholar
    • National Institute of Mental Health. (2018). Depression. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/

      > Google Scholar
    • National Institutes of Health, & National Institute on Aging. (2019). Healthy aging with Go4Life. https://go4life.nia.nih.gov/category/benefits-of-exercise/

      > Google Scholar
    • Niveau N., Boris New B., & Beaudoin M. (2021). Self-esteem interventions in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 94, 104131. 10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104131

      > CrossrefGoogle Scholar
    • Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2019). Dietary guidelines for Americans 2015–2020. https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines

      > Google Scholar
    • Olvera R. L., Williamson D. E., Fisher-Hoch S. P., Vatcheva K. P., & McCormick J. B. (2015). Depression, obesity, and metabolic syndrome: Prevalence and risks of comorbidity in a population-based representative sample of Mexican Americans. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76(10), e1300–e1305. 10.4088/JCP.14m09118 PMID: 26528653

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Park K., & Yang T. C. (2017). The long-term effects of self-esteem on depression: The roles of alcohol and substance use during young adulthood. The Sociological Quarterly, 58(3), 429–446. 10.1080/00380253.2017.1331718 PMID: 28936002

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Peragallo Montano N., Cianelli R., Villegas N., Gonzalez-Guarda R., Williams W. O., & de Tantillo L. (2019). Evaluating a culturally tailored HIV risk reduction intervention among Hispanic women delivered in a real-world setting by community agency personnel. American Journal of Health Promotion, 33(4), 566–575. 10.1177/0890117118807716 PMID: 30354190

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Pratap A., Renn B. N., Volponi J., Mooney S. D., Gazzaley A., Arean P. A., & Anguera J. A. (2018). Using mobile apps to assess and treat depression in Hispanic and Latino populations: Fully remote randomized clinical trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(8), e10130. 10.2196/10130 PMID: 30093372

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Pulgar C. A., Trejo G., Suerken C., Ip E. H., Arcury T. A., & Quandt S. A. (2016). Economic hardship and depression among women in Latino farmworker families. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 18(3), 497–504. 10.1007/s10903-015-0229-6 PMID: 26022147

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Radloff L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385–401. 10.1177/014662167700100306

      > CrossrefGoogle Scholar
    • Rizvi S., & Khan A. M. (2019). Physical activity and its association with depression in the diabetic Hispanic population. Cureus, 11(6), e4981. 10.7759/cureus.4981 PMID: 31467815

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Roberts R. E., Vernon S. W., & Rhoades H. M. (1989). Effects of language and ethnic status on reliability and validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale with psychiatric patients. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 177(10), 581–592. 10.1097/00005053-198910000-00001 PMID: 2677237

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Rosenberg M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press. 10.1515/9781400876136

      > CrossrefGoogle Scholar
    • Ryan E. B., Meredith S. D., MacLean M. J., & Orange J. B. (1995). Changing the way we talk with elders: Promoting health using the communication enhancement model. International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 41(2), 89–107. 10.2190/FP05-FM8V-0Y9F-53FX PMID: 8550234

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Sanchez K., Killian M. O., Eghaneyan B. H., Cabassa L. J., & Trivedi M. H. (2019). Culturally adapted depression education and engagement in treatment among Hispanics in primary care: Outcomes from a pilot feasibility study. BMC Family Practice, 20(1), 140. 10.1186/s12875-019-1031-7 PMID: 31638915

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Sternberg R. M., & Lee K. A. (2013). Depressive symptoms of midlife Latinas: Effect of immigration and sociodemographic factors. International Journal of Women's Health, 5, 301–308. 10.2147/IJWH.S43132 PMID: 23807864

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Torres C. A., Thorn B. E., Kapoor S., & DeMonte C. (2017). An examination of cultural values and pain management in foreign-born Spanish-speaking Hispanics seeking care at a federally qualified health center. Pain Medicine, 18(11), 2058–2069. 10.1093/pm/pnw315 PMID: 28158514

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Tripathi A., Das A., & Kar S. K. (2019). Biopsychosocial model in contemporary psychiatry: Current validity and future prospects. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 41(6), 582–585. 10.4103/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_314_19 PMID: 31772447

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • U.S. Census Bureau. (2019). Quick facts. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/US/SEX255219

      > Google Scholar
    • U.S. Census Bureau. (2021). Poverty rates for Blacks and Hispanics reached historic lows in 2019. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2020/09/poverty-rates-for-blacks-and-hispanics-reached-historic-lows-in-2019.html

      > Google Scholar
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health. (2021). Profile: Hispanic/Latino Americans. https://www.minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/browse.aspx?lvl=3&lvlid=64

      > Google Scholar
    • Vermeesch A. L., Gonzalez-Guarda R. M., Hall R., McCabe B. E., Cianelli R., & Peragallo N. P. (2013). Predictors of depressive symptoms among Hispanic women in South Florida. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 35(10), 1325–1338. 10.1177/0193945913496152 PMID: 23858067

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Villegas N., Cianelli R., Gonzalez-Guarda R., Kaelber L., Ferrer L., & Peragallo N. (2013). Predictors of self-efficacy for HIV prevention among Hispanic women in South Florida. The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 24(1), 27–37. 10.1016/j.jana.2012.03.004 PMID: 22795758

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Wade D. T., & Halligan P. W. (2017). The biopsychosocial model of illness: A model whose time has come. Clinical Rehabilitation, 31(8), 995–1004. 10.1177/0269215517709890 PMID: 28730890

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Washburn M., Brewer K., Gearing R., Leal R., Yu M., & Torres L. (2022). Latinos' conceptualization of depression, diabetes, and mental health-related stigma. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 9(5), 1912–1922. 10.1007/s40615-021-01129-x PMID: 34508304

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    • World Health Organization. (2021). Depression. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression

      > Google Scholar
    • Xie B., Unger J. B., Gallaher P., Johnson C. A., Wu Q., & Chou C. P. (2010). Overweight, body image, and depression in Asian and Hispanic adolescents. American Journal of Health Behavior, 34(4), 476–488. 10.5993/AJHB.34.4.9 PMID: 20218759

      > Crossref MedlineGoogle Scholar
    Previous article
    Next article

    We use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience. For a complete overview of all the cookies used, please see our privacy policy.

    ×