Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerging infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The SARS-CoV spike (S) protein is composed of two subunits; the S1 subunit contains a receptor-binding domain that engages with the host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and the S2 subunit mediates fusion between the viral and host cell membranes. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity, during infection with SARS-CoV. In this Review, we highlight recent advances in the development of vaccines and therapeutics based on the S protein.
Publication types
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Review
MeSH terms
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
- Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
- Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
- Humans
- Membrane Glycoproteins / chemistry
- Membrane Glycoproteins / immunology
- Membrane Glycoproteins / physiology*
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / metabolism
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / pathology
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / prevention & control*
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / therapy*
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus* / chemistry
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus* / drug effects
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus* / genetics
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus* / physiology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
- Viral Envelope Proteins / chemistry
- Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology
- Viral Envelope Proteins / physiology*
- Viral Vaccines* / immunology
- Virus Internalization
Substances
- Antibodies, Monoclonal
- Antiviral Agents
- Membrane Glycoproteins
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
- Viral Envelope Proteins
- Viral Vaccines
- spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV
- spike protein, mouse hepatitis virus
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- ACE2 protein, human
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2