Cookies Notification

We use cookies to improve your website experience. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy.
×

Intercontinental karyotypic differentiation of Chironomus entis Shobanov, a Holarctic member of the C. plumosus group (Diptera, Chironomidae)

Publication: Genome
October 2000

Abstract

Analysis of banding sequences of polytene chromosomes in Palearctic (Russian) and Nearctic (North American) Chironomus entis shows strong karyotype divergence between populations on the two continents. Four out of seven chromosomal arms in the North American C. entis karyotype are characterized by sequences found only in the Nearctic. In total, 44 banding sequences are now known for this species across the Holarctic, including 22 exclusively Palearctic, 6 Holarctic, and 16 exclusively Nearctic sequences. The degree of cytogenetic differentiation between Palearctic and Nearctic C. entis populations is an order of magnitude greater than differentiation among populations within either continent, but is only one third as great as the cytogenetic distance between the sibling species C. entis and C. plumosus. C. entis is the only sibling species of C. plumosus uncovered during cytological identification of Chironomus species from more than 50 North American lakes, indicating that the plumosus sibling-species group is much smaller in the Nearctic than in the Palearctic, where a dozen sibling species are known. Cytogenetic distance values calculated between Nearctic and Palearctic representatives of both C. entis and its sibling species C. plumosus are similar, but result from different patterns of karyotype divergence. New World C. entis is distinguished from Old World populations by the 16 uniquely Nearctic sequences, four of which occur in the homozygous state. In contrast, North American C. plumosus has fewer uniquely Nearctic sequences, and only one that occurs as a homozygote. However, four chromosomal arms in C. plumosus that are polymorphic in the Palearctic show fixation, or near fixation, of Holarctic sequences in the Nearctic C. plumosus karyotype. Thus, both the fixation of Holarctic sequences, and the occurrence or fixation of distinctly Nearctic sequences, contribute significantly to karyotype divergence. Patterns of karyotype divergence in Palearctic and Nearctic populations of different Holarctic chironomid species are discussed relative to intercontinental cytogenetic differentiation in other dipterans.Key words: karyotype, inversion polymorphism, cytogenetic divergence, Chironomus.

Résumé

L'examen des bandes chromosomiques chez les chromosomes polytènes du Chironomus entis paléartique (Russie) ou néartique (Amérique du Nord) a montré une importante divergence caryotypique entre les populations de ces deux continents. Au sein du caryotype du C. entis nord-américain, quatre des sept bras chromosomiques sont caractérisés par des séquences présentes uniquement au sein du groupe néartique. Au total, 44 motifs de bandes sont connus pour cette espèce dans les régions holartiques, dont 22 sont uniques aux populations paléartiques, six sont présents dans la région holartique et 16 sont exclusivement néartiques. Le degré de différenciation cytogénétique entre populations paléartiques et néartiques du C. entis est un ordre de grandeur plus grand que la différenciation parmi les populations au sein de chacun des continents, mais ne constitue que le tiers de la distance observée entre les espèces soeurs C. entis et C. plumosus. Le C. entis représente la seule espèce soeur du C. plumosus découverte par identification cytologique des espèces du genre Chironomus provenant de plus de 50 lacs en Amérique du Nord. Cela indique que le groupe d'espèces apparentées au C. plumosus est beaucoup plus limité sur le continent néartique que sur le continent paléartique, où une douzaine d'espèces soeurs sont connues. Les valeurs de distance cytogénétique calculées entre des représentants néartiques et paléartiques du C. entis et du C. plumosus sont semblables mais résultent d'un mode différent de divergence caryotypique. Les populations du C. entis du nouveau monde se distinguent des populations paléartiques grâce aux 16 séquences exclusivement néartiques, dont quatre sont à l'état homozygote. Par contre, les populations nord-américaines du C. plumosus montrent moins de séquences exclusivement néartiques et une seule qui soit à l'état homozygote. Cependant, quatre bras chromosomiques du C. plumosus qui sont polymorphes chez les populations paléartiques sont fixés ou presque pour des séquences holartiques au sein du caryotype des populations néartiques du C. plumosus. Ainsi, la fixation de séquences holartiques et la présence ou la fixation de séquences typiquement néartiques contribuent tous deux significativement à la divergence caryotypique. Les types de divergence caryotypique observés chez les populations paléartiques et néartiques de différentes espèces holartiques de chironomidés sont discutés en relation avec la différenciation cytogénétique intercontinentale chez d'autres diptères.Mots clés : caryotype, polymorphisme d'inversion, divergence cytogénétique, Chironomus.[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Genome
Genome
Volume 43Number 5October 2000
Pages: 857 - 873

History

Version of record online: 15 February 2011

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Veronica V Golygina

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Other Metrics

Citations

Cite As

Export Citations

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

1. Karyotype characteristics and gene COI sequences of Chironomus bonus Shilova et Dzhvarsheishvili, 1974 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the South Caucasus (Republic of Georgia, Paravani river)
2. Revision of the banding sequence pool and new data on chromosomal polymorphism in natural populations of Chironomus agilis Shobanov et Djomin, 1988 (Diptera, Chironomidae)
3. The revision of chromosome III (EF) mapping in Chironomus plumosus (Linnaeus, 1758) group (Diptera, Chironomidae)
4. Morphological identification and COI barcodes of adult flies help determine species identities of chironomid larvae (Diptera, Chironomidae)
5. Larva and Karyotype of Xenochironomus sp. (Diptera, Chironomidae) from North America
6. Karyotypic features of Chironomus entis and Chironomus borokensis (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Lake Kotokel (Lake Baikal Basin)
7. A revision of chromosome II (CD) mapping in Chironomus plumosus (Linnaeus, 1758) group (Diptera, Chironomidae)
8. Differentiation of chromosome banding sequence pools and genomic dna in Holarctic natural populations of Chironomus entis Shobanov (Diptera, Chironomidae)
9. Chromosomal variability in natural populations of Chironomus cingulatus meigen (Diptera, Chironomidae)
10. Population cytogenetics of Chironomus circumdatus Kieffer, 1921 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Thailand
11. Geographic differentiation of genomic DNA of Chironomus plumosus (Diptera, Chironomidae) in natural holarctic populations
12. The role of chromosomal polymorphism in divergence of populations and species of the genus Chironomus (Diptera)
13. Cytogenetic differentiation of natural populations of Chironomus obtusidens (Diptera, Chironomidae)
14. A new Chironomus species of the plumosus sibling-group (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China
15. Inherited and somatic cytogenetic variability in Palearctic populations of Chironomus riparius Meigen 1804 (Diptera, Chironomidae)

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Subscribe

Click on the button below to subscribe to Genome

Purchase options

Purchase this article to get full access to it.

Restore your content access

Enter your email address to restore your content access:

Note: This functionality works only for purchases done as a guest. If you already have an account, log in to access the content to which you are entitled.

View options

PDF

View PDF

Media

Media

Other

Tables

Share Options

Share

Share the article link

Share on social media