Nasal obstruction as a drug side effect
Abstract
Introduction
Drugs causing nasal obstruction
Inflammatory drug interactions | Aspirin and similar NSAIDS | Ibuprofen, etodolac, indomethacin, diclofenac, sulindac, ketoprofen, naproxen, flurbiprofen, fenoprofen, piroxicam, meclofenamate |
Drugs and preservatives in the drugs causing hypersensitivity | Benzalkonium chloride (BKC) | |
Eye drops through nasolacrimal canal | Ketorolac | |
Non-inflammatory drug interactions | Antihypertensive drugs, Antianginal drugs; Peripheric vasodilators | Peripheric vasodilators (papaverin, niasin, naftidrofuryl oksalat, nicorandil, cyclandelate, isoxsuprine) |
α-methyl dopa | ||
Reserpine | ||
Guanethidine | ||
α-1 adrenergic receptor blockers (doxazosin, silodosin, prazosin, tamsulosin, alfuzosin, terazosin) | ||
α-2 adrenergic receptor blockers (mianserin) | ||
β-adrenergic receptor blockers (carvedilol) | ||
Calcium channel blockers | ||
Piribedil: Selective dopamine D2 and D3 receptor agonist with additional α2-adrenergic antagonist properties. | ||
Pentoxifylline: Competitive nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor | ||
Epoprostenol (prostacyclin) | ||
Cilostazol: Selective inhibitor of type-3 phosphodiesterase (PDE3) | ||
cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (sildenafil citrate, tadalafil, vardenafil) | ||
Ginkgo biloba | ||
Psychotropic drugs | Chlorpromazine, thioridazine, amitriptyline, gabapentin, alprazolam, reserpine | |
Immunosuppressives | Cyclosporine | |
Topical decongestants (rhinitis medicamentosa) | Oxymetazoline, xylometazoline, cocaine | |
Glaucoma medications (β-antagonists) | ||
Hormonal | Estrogen, progesterone and oral contraceptives | |
Iatrogenic hypothyroidism: Antithyroid medication | ||
Human Growth Hormone (hGH) supplement |
Inflammatory drug interactions
‘Aspirin-exacerbated disease’ and cross-reacting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Generic name | IC50 COX-2/COX-1 | Selectivity |
---|---|---|
Aspirin | 166 | Cox-1 > Cox-2 |
Indomethacin | 60 | Cox-1 > Cox-2 |
Ibuprofen | 15 | Cox-1 > Cox-2 |
Sodium salicylate | 2.8 | Cox-1 = Cox-2 |
Flurbiprofen | 1.3 | Cox-1 < Cox-2 |
Naproxen | 0.6 | Cox-1 < Cox-2 |
Meloxicam | 0.3 | Cox-1 < < Cox-2 |
Celecoxib | 0.003 | Cox-1 <<< Cox-2 |
Rofecoxib | 0.00005 | Cox-1 <<< Cox-2 |
IC50, concentration of a drug inducing 50% inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity; | ||
COX, cyclooxygenase |
Salicylates | Acetic acid derivatives |
---|---|
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) | Indomethacin |
Diflunisol | Sulindac |
Salsalate | Etodolac |
Propionic acid derivatives | Ketorolac |
Ibuprofen | Diclofenac |
Naproxen | Nabumetone |
Fenoprofen | Fenamic acid derivatives |
Ketoprofen | Mefenamic acid |
Flurbiprofen | Meclofenamic acid |
Enolic acid (Oxicam) derivatives | Flufenamic acid |
Piroxicam | Selective COX-2 inhibitors (Coxibs) |
Meloxicam | Celecoxib |
Tenoxicam | Rofecoxib |
Noninflammatory drug interactions
Antihypertensives and vasodilators
Antihypertensives
cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
Psychotropic drugs and immunosuppressants
Rhinitis medicamentosa and glaucoma medications
Sympathomimetics | Imidazolines |
---|---|
Pseudoephedrine | Oxymetazoline |
Ephedrine | Xylometazoline |
Phenylephrine | Clonidine |
Phenylpropanolamine | Naphazoline |
Amphetamines |
Hormones
Estrogen, progesterone, or other pregnancy-related hormones
Postmenopause hormone replacement
Placental growth hormone and growth hormone
Antithyroid medication
Vasomotor rhinitis
Conclusions
Conflict of interest statement
Funding
References
Cite article
Cite article
Cite article
Download to reference manager
If you have citation software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice
Information, rights and permissions
Information
Published In
Keywords
Authors
Metrics and citations
Metrics
Journals metrics
This article was published in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease.
VIEW ALL JOURNAL METRICSArticle usage*
Total views and downloads: 45520
*Article usage tracking started in December 2016
Altmetric
See the impact this article is making through the number of times it’s been read, and the Altmetric Score.
Learn more about the Altmetric Scores
Articles citing this one
Receive email alerts when this article is cited
Web of Science: 0
Crossref: 14
-
Nose-to-Brain (N2B) Delivery: An Alternative Route for the Delivery of...
-
International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Allergic r...
-
Physiology and Pathophysiology of Sneezing and Itching: Mechanisms of ...
-
Nasal Obstruction
-
Drug-Induced Rhinitis: Narrative Review
-
Intranasal corticosteroid and oxymetazoline for chronic rhinitis: a sy...
-
Rhinosinusitis During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period
-
Rhinitis Phenotypes
-
International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic R...
-
Autonomic nervous system dysfunction and sinonasal symptoms
-
Drug-Induced Rhinitis
-
Measurable impact of acupuncture on mucosal swelling of inferior turbi...
-
Current Approaches to Diagnosis and Management of Rhinitis
-
Physiology and Pathophysiology of Sneezing and Itching: Mechanisms of ...
Figures and tables
Figures & Media
Tables
View Options
View options
PDF/ePub
View PDF/ePubGet access
Access options
If you have access to journal content via a personal subscription, university, library, employer or society, select from the options below:
loading institutional access options
Alternatively, view purchase options below:
Purchase 24 hour online access to view and download content.
Access journal content via a DeepDyve subscription or find out more about this option.