Hydrogen Gas Inhalation Treatment in Acute Cerebral Infarction: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study on Safety and Neuroprotection

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2017 Nov;26(11):2587-2594. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.06.012. Epub 2017 Jun 29.

Abstract

Background: Molecular hydrogen (H2) acts as a therapeutic antioxidant. Inhalation of H2 gas (1-4%) was effective for the improvement of cerebral infarction in multiple animal experiments. Thus, for actual applications, a randomized controlled clinical study is desired to evaluate the effects of inhalation of H2 gas. Here, we evaluate the H2 treatment on acute cerebral infarction.

Methods: Through this randomized controlled clinical study, we assessed the safety and effectiveness of H2 treatment in patients with cerebral infarction in an acute stage with mild- to moderate-severity National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (NIHSS = 2-6). We enrolled 50 patients (25 each in the H2 group and the control group) with a therapeutic time window of 6 to 24 hours. The H2 group inhaled 3% H2 gas (1 hour twice a day), and the control group received conventional intravenous medications for the initial 7 days. The evaluations included daily vital signs, NIHSS scores, physical therapy indices, weekly blood chemistry, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans over the 2-week study period.

Results: The H2 group showed no significant adverse effects with improvements in oxygen saturation. The following significant effects were found: the relative signal intensity of MRI, which indicated the severity of the infarction site, NIHSS scores for clinically quantifying stroke severity, and physical therapy evaluation, as judged by the Barthel Index.

Conclusions: H2 treatment was safe and effective in patients with acute cerebral infarction. These results suggested a potential for widespread and general application of H2 gas.

Keywords: Barthel Index; Hydrogen gas; MRI; National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; acute cerebral infarction; neuroprotection; randomized controlled clinical study.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Inhalation
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Cerebral Infarction / complications
  • Cerebral Infarction / diagnostic imaging
  • Cerebral Infarction / drug therapy*
  • Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Eating / drug effects
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen / administration & dosage*
  • Hydrogen / blood
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Nervous System Diseases / etiology
  • Neuroprotective Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Physical Therapy Modalities
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome*

Substances

  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • Hydrogen