BACKGROUND FACTORS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS The main title of Danzer’s article—“Helping Adolescents Just Say No to Drugs”—invites clarification of both the orientation and specific methods of MDFT. In virtually any context, simply invoking youth and drug use easily prompts associations to historically significant U.S. cultural events such as the War on Drugs and the Just Say No to Drugs campaigns. While planting adolescent substance abuse in our nation’s consciousness, the intervention strategies accompanying these efforts were starkly dissimilar to today’s researchsupportedapproaches.Contemporary thinkingandtechniques rely on contextual and developmental frameworks; on dynamic systems conceptualizations of human and multisystem processes; on interventions that include logic models of change incorporating theoretical and empirical elements; and on manual-guided prescriptions about an intervener’s multifaceted role and the intervention’s social context. Today’s notions about treating youth drug misuse represent a paradigm shift apart from a “Just Say No” strategy. Early reviews of research on teen drug treatment bemoaned methodological imperfections and, more fundamentally, the scarcity of controlled studies. Over the years a
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