Abstract
How does personnel turnover affect the legitimacy of the EU? This chapter establishes the foundations upon which this question can be addressed. It argues that questions about turnover’s consequences can be examined through a framework focused on three facets of legitimacy (input, output, and throughput). It discusses three sets of propositions—those arising from a populist critique of EU politics, a feminist critique of EU politics, and academic studies of turnover—that link turnover to EU legitimacy. The chapter defines personnel turnover and presents data on turnover across time in the seven treaty-established EU institutions. It concludes by presenting the structure of Personnel Turnover and the Legitimacy of the EU.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abels, Gabriele, and Joyce Marie Mushaben (eds.). 2012. Gendering the European Union: New Approaches to Old Democratic Deficits. Houndsmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Athens Declaration. (1992). Available at https://eurogender.eige.europa.eu/posts/athens-declaration-1992. Accessed May 28, 2020.
Atkinson, Michael M., and David C. Docherty. 1992. Moving Right Along: The Roots of Amateurism in the Canadian House of Commons. Canadian Journal of Political Science 25 (2): 295–318.
Banchoff, Thomas, and Mitchell Smith (eds.). 2005. Legitimacy and the European Union: The Contested Polity. London: Routledge.
Beetham, David, and Christopher Lord. 2014. Legitimacy and the European Union. London: Routledge.
Bekkers, Victor, and Arthur Edwards. 2007. Legitimacy and Democracy: A Conceptual Framework for Assessing Governance Practices. In Governance and the Democratic Deficit: Assessing the Democratic Legitimacy of Governance Practices, ed. Victor Bekkers, Geske Dijkstra, Arthur Edwards, and Menno Fenger, 35–60. London: Routledge.
Berezin, Mabel. 2009. Illiberal Politics in Neoliberal Times: Culture, Security and Populism in the New Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Betz, Hans-Georg. 1994. Radical Right-wing Populism in Western Europe. New York: Springer.
Bratton, Kathleen A., and Kerry L. Haynie. 1999. Agenda Setting and Legislative Success in State Legislatures: The Effects of Gender and Race. The Journal of Politics 61 (3): 658–679.
Brandsma, Gijs Jan and Alexander Hoppe. 2020. He Who Controls the Process Controls the Outcome? A Reappraisal of the Relais Actor Thesis. Journal of European Integration 0 (0). https://doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2020.1753041.
Childs, Sarah, and Mona Lena Krook. 2009. Analysing Women’s Substantive Representation: From Critical Mass to Critical Actors. Government and Opposition 44 (2): 125–145.
Daniel, William T., and Shawna K. Metzger. 2018. Within or Between Jobs? Determinants of Membership Volatility in the European Parliament, 1979–2014. The Journal of Legislative Studies 24 (1): 90–108.
De La Baume, Maïa and Silvia Sciorilli Borrelli. 2019. Steve Bannon’s Stuttering European Adventure. Politico, April 19. Available at https://www.politico.eu/article/steve-bannon-european-parliament-the-movement-stuttering-european-adventure/. Accessed May 28, 2020.
Dovi, Suzanne. 2007. Theorizing Women’s Representation in the United States. Politics & Gender 3 (3): 297–319.
Ennser-Jedenastik, Laurenz. 2014. Party Politics and the Survival of Central Bank Governors. European Journal of Political Research 53 (3): 500–519.
European Commission. 2019. Opening Statement in the European Parliament by Ursula von der Leyen, Candidate for President of the European Commission. Accessed May 28, 2020 at https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/speech_19_4230.
Farrell, Henry, and Adrienne Héritier. 2004. Interorganizational Negotiation and Intraorganizational Power in Shared Decision Making: Early Agreements under Codecision and Their Impact on the European Parliament and Council. Comparative Political Studies 37 (10): 1184–1212.
Goetz, Klaus H., and Jan-Hinrik Meyer-Sahling (eds.). 2012. The EU Timescape. London: Routledge.
Gostoli, Ylenia. 2019. European Far-Right Populists Rally with Matteo Salvini in Milan. Al Jazeera, May 18. Accessed May 28, 2020 at https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/05/european-populists-rally-matteo-salvini-milan-190518202914838.html.
Häge, Frank M. 2013. Coalition Building and Consensus in the Council of the European Union. British Journal of Political Science 43 (3): 481–504.
Häge, Frank M., and Daniel Naurin. 2013. The Effect of Codecision on Council Decision-making: Informalization, Politicization and Power. Journal of European Public Policy 20 (7): 953–971.
Hall, Peter A. 1986. Governing the Economy: The Politics of State Intervention in Britain and France. New York: Oxford University Press.
Heisenberg, Dorothee. 2005. The Institution of ‘Consensus’ in the European Union: Formal versus Informal Decision-making in the Council. European Journal of Political Research 44 (1): 65–90.
Hibbing, John R. 1999. Legislative Careers: Why and How We Should Study Them. Legislative Studies Quarterly 24 (1): 149–171.
Hoskyns, Catherine. 1996. Integrating Gender: Women, Law and Politics in the European Union. New York: Verso.
Irigoien, Alazne. 2019. European Parliament’s Elections 2019: Towards Parity Democracy in Europe. Brussels: Gender Five Plus. Available at https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/530efa_2a575f9fa3dc45afb68e4ffb516fef30.pdf. Accessed May 28, 2020.
Iusmen, Ingi, and John Boswell. 2017. The Dilemmas of Pursuing ‘Throughput Legitimacy” Through Participatory Mechanisms. West European Politics 40 (2): 459–478.
Jacquot, Sophie. 2014. Transformations in EU Gender Equality: From Emergence to Dismantling. Houndsmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Kantola, Johanna. 2010. Gender and the European Union. Houndsmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Kantola, Johanna, and Kevät Nousiainen. 2009. Institutionalizing Intersectionality in Europe: Introducing the Theme. International Feminist Journal of Politics 11 (4): 459–477.
Katz, Richard S. 1997. Democracy and Elections. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kernell, Samuel. 1977. Toward Understanding 19th Century Congressional Careers: Ambition, Competition, and Rotation. American Journal of Political Science 21 (4): 669–693.
Kohler-Koch, Beate, and Berthold Rittberger (eds.). 2007. Debating the Democratic Legitimacy of the European Union. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
Lépinard, Eléonore. 2007. The Contentious Subject of Feminism: Defining Women in France from the Second Wave to Parity. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 32 (2): 375–403.
Luccarelli, Sonia, Furio Cerutti, and Vivien A. Schmidt (eds.). 2011. Debating Political Identity and Legitimacy in the European Union. London: Routledge.
MacRae, Heather. 2010. The EU as a Gender Equal Polity: Myths and Realities. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 48 (1): 155–174.
Majone, Giandomenico. 1994. The Rise of the Regulatory State in Europe. West European Politics 17 (3): 77–101.
Mansbridge, Jane. 1999. Should Blacks Represent Blacks and Women Represent Women? A Contingent ‘Yes’. The Journal of Politics 61 (3): 628–657.
Matland, Richard E., and Donley T. Studlar. 2004. Determinants of Legislative Turnover: A Cross-National Analysis. British Journal of Political Science 34 (1): 87–108.
Moravcsik, Andrew. 2002. Reassessing Legitimacy in the European Union. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 40 (4): 603–624.
Mudde, Cas. 2004. The Populist Zeitgeist. Government and Opposition 39 (4): 541–563.
Nicolaïdis, Kalypso, and Robert Howse (eds.). 2001. The Federal Vision: Legitimacy and Levels of Governance in the US and the EU. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Norris, Pippa, and Joni Lovenduski. 1995. Political Recruitment: Gender, Race and Class in the British Government. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Pareto, Vilfredo. 1980. Compendium of General Sociology. Abridged with the approval of the author by Giulio Farino from Pareto’s Trattato di Sociologia Generale. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Pareto, Vilfredo. 1976. Sociological Writings. Selected and Introduced by S.E. Finer. Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield.
Pareto, Vilfredo. 1935. The Mind and Society: A Treatise on General Sociology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
Perez, Lauren K., and John A. Scherpereel. 2017. Vertical Intra-institutional Effects of Ministerial Turnover in the Council of the European Union. Journal of European Public Policy 24 (8): 1154–1171.
Phillips, Anne. 1995. The Politics of Presence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Pitkin, Hannah. 1967. The Concept of Representation. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Pollack, Mark. 1997. Delegation, Agency, and Agenda Setting in the European Community. International Organization 51 (1): 99–134.
Press Association. 2010. UKIP’s Nigel Farage Tells Von Rompuy: You Have the Charisma of a Damp Rag. The Guardian, February 25. Available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/feb/25/nigel-farage-herman-van-rompuy-damp-rag. Accessed May 28, 2020.
Risse, Thomas, and Mareike Kleine. 2007. Assessing the Legitimacy of the EU’s Treaty Revision Methods. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 45 (1): 69–80.
Rooduijn, Matthijs, and Tjitske Akkerman. 2017. Flank Attacks: Populism and Left-Right Radicalism in Western Europe. Party Politics 23 (3): 193–204.
Sawer, Marian, and Alicia Turner. 2016. Specialised Parliamentary Bodies: Their Role and Relevance to Women’s Movement Repertoire. Parliamentary Affairs 69 (4): 763–777.
Scharpf, Fritz W. 1970. Demokratietheorie zwischen Utopie und Anpassung. Konstanz: Universitätsverlag.
Scherpereel, John A. and Lauren K. Perez. 2015. Turnover in the Council of the European Union: What It Is and Why It Matters. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 53 (3): 658–673.
Schmidt, Vivien A. 2013. Democracy and Legitimacy in the European Union: Input, Output, and ‘Throughput’. Political Studies 61 (1): 2–22.
Schmitt, Hermann, and Jacques Thomassen. 1999. Political Representation and Legitimacy in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Taggart, Paul. 2004. Populism and Representative Politics in Contemporary Europe. Journal of Political Ideologies 9 (3): 269–288.
Thatcher, Mark, and Alec Stone Sweet. 2002. Theory and Practice of Delegation to Non-Majoritarian Institutions. West European Politics 25 (1): 1–22.
Van der Vleuten, Anna. 2012. Gendering the Institutions and Actors of the EU. In Gendering the European Union: New Approaches to Old Democratic Deficits, eds. Gabriele Abels and Joyce Marie Mushaben. Houndsmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Verloo, Mieke. 2006. Multiple Inequalities, Intersectionality and the European Union. European Journal of Women’s Studies 13 (3): 211–228.
Volden, Craig, Alan E. Wiseman, and Dana E. Wittmer. 2013. When are Women More Effective Lawmakers than Men? American Journal of Political Science 57 (2): 326–341.
Weber, Max. 1978. Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Woodward, Alison E. 2004. Building Velvet Triangles: Gender and Informal Governance. In Informal Governance in the European Union, ed. Thomas Christiansen and Simona Piattoni, 76–93. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Scherpereel, J.A. (2021). Personnel Turnover and the Legitimacy of the European Union. In: Scherpereel, J.A. (eds) Personnel Turnover and the Legitimacy of the EU. Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60052-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60052-5_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-60051-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-60052-5
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)