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New Environmental Approaches to Preventing Sexual Assault: Building on a History of Individual-Level Interventions

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Handbook of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse Across the Lifespan

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Abstract

Most sexual assault prevention efforts for adults focus on educational programs and other individual-level interventions. Research suggests that interventions aimed at preventing individual perpetration of sexual assault may be insufficient without addressing the environment that fosters sexual assault. However, sexual assault prevention efforts with community-level components are rarely implemented or evaluated. This review, drawing on lessons from other areas of public health and criminal justice, leads to the presentation of explanatory theoretical models that view sexual assault as a product of multiple interacting levels of influence. This is followed by an analysis of what is known from the empirical literature about risk and protective factors for sexual assault, with an emphasis on community-level factors, and the extent to which findings from this line of research have been applied to sexual assault prevention programming. After identifying gaps in the sexual assault prevention literature, we then provide illustrations of different approaches to address a major gap in the literature – the design and testing of community-level sexual assault prevention interventions. In this chapter, we encourage prevention scientists and practitioners to move beyond the typical, extant short-term psychoeducational sessions to prevent sexual assault by designing, implementing, and evaluating theory-driven, multilevel, environmental approaches. Specifically, applications of hotspot theory independently or in conjunction with social norms-based marketing campaigns are suggested promising new avenues for sexual assault interventions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NORC at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Bruce G. Taylor & Elizabeth A. Mumford

Authors
  1. Bruce G. Taylor
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  2. Elizabeth A. Mumford
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Correspondence to Bruce G. Taylor .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute on Violence, Abuse and Trauma, Alliant International University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Robert Geffner

  2. School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensbo, Greensboro, NC, USA

    Jacquelyn W. White

  3. Dept of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    L. Kevin Hamberger

  4. Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA

    Alan Rosenbaum

  5. Ethelyn R. Strong School of Social Work, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA

    Viola Vaughan-Eden

  6. Education and Research, Zero Abuse Project, St. Paul, MN, USA

    Victor I. Vieth

Section Editor information

  1. No affiliation provided

    Sarah Cook

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    Tracy N. Hipp

  3. No affiliation provided

    Amanda Hill-Attkisson

  4. No affiliation provided

    Thema Bryant-Davis

  5. No affiliation provided

    Jacquelyn W. White

  6. No affiliation provided

    Kevin Swartout

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Taylor, B.G., Mumford, E.A. (2020). New Environmental Approaches to Preventing Sexual Assault: Building on a History of Individual-Level Interventions. In: Geffner, R., White, J.W., Hamberger, L.K., Rosenbaum, A., Vaughan-Eden, V., Vieth, V.I. (eds) Handbook of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse Across the Lifespan. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62122-7_191-1

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