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Pandemics in Modern Era: Impact of Geographical Landscapes on Disease Risk

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Preparedness for Future Pandemics

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Abstract

Pandemic, by definition, is an outbreak of infectious disease across wide geographical area covering several continents around the globe, which encompasses extensive variation in geographical landscapes, ecological network, culture, ethnicity, disease susceptibility, and so on. Most evidently, all these factors directly govern the spread and intensity of infectious disease outbreak. Devastating outcomes of recent pandemic diseases of modern era such as COVID-19 have challenged our knowledge and technological capabilities to predict, prevent, and manage the menace of infectious disease pandemics. This has further emphasized upon dire need to enhance our deeper understanding on the influence and interplay of various geographical landscape factors in fueling the uncontrollable disease spread. Innumerable factors, although not limiting to, viz. socio-economic status, ethnic cultures, regional geopolitics geography, demography, and globalization warrant immediate attention to better equip mankind for handling future pandemics and minimize the crippling ill effects of these infectious diseases on global community at large. Thus, the present chapter is an attempt to educate the readers about interplay of geographical factors in triggering and propelling an unbreakable chain of infectious disease spread with a special emphasis on dynamics of these factors during modern era of globalization.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Leh, India

    Swati & Shweta Saxena

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  1. Swati
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  2. Shweta Saxena
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Correspondence to Shweta Saxena .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Defence Institutute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO), New Delhi, India

    Rajeev Varshney

  2. Defence Institutute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO), New Delhi, India

    Iti Garg

  3. Defence Institutute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO), New Delhi, India

    Swati Srivastava

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Swati, Saxena, S. (2023). Pandemics in Modern Era: Impact of Geographical Landscapes on Disease Risk. In: Varshney, R., Garg, I., Srivastava, S. (eds) Preparedness for Future Pandemics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3201-6_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3201-6_3

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