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Behaviour and Vocalizations of Two Single Sperm Whales, Physeter macrocephalus, Off Nova Scotia

Publication: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
October 1988

Abstract

During June 1986, two male sperm whales, Physeter macrocephalus, on the Scotian Shelf were tracked by listening for their clicks with a directional hydrophone for periods of 12.5 and 7 h, respectively. Each whale travelled along the edge of the shelf at about 2 kn (3.6 km/h), and one whale, on two occasions at least, dived to the ocean floor. After about 30 min underwater, the whales spent approximately 9 min at the surface breathing. When the whales were visible at the surface, they were silent, except on one occasion when "slow clicking" (mean interclick interval of 4.6 s) was heard from Whale 2. While underwater, most of the sound production consisted of "usual clicks" (mean interclick interval 0.96 and 0.69 s for the two whales) interrupted by frequent short silences (mean durations 21.06 and 27.82 s) and occasional "creaks" (with interclick intervals less than 0.2 s) and "slow clicks." No "codas" (stereotyped patterns of clicks) were heard from these two single whales. These results are consistent with the hypotheses that "usual clicks" and "creaks" are used for echolocation and "codas" for communication.

Résumé

En juin 1986, deux cachalots macrocéphales (Physeter macrocephalus) mâles de la plate-forme Scotian ont été suivis au mo9yen d'un hydrophone directionnel pendant des périodes respectives de 12,5 et 7 h. Chaque cachalot s'est déplacé le long du bord de la plate-forme à une vitesse de 2 km (3,6 km/h) environ, et à deux reprises, au moins, un des cachalots a plongé au fond de l'océan. Après avoir passé environ 30 min sous l'eau, les cachalots sont remontés à la surface pendant près de 9 min pour respirer. Lorsqu'ils étaient visibles à la surface de l'eau, ils étaient silencieux, sauf à une occasion où l'on a entendu un « clic lent » (intervalle moyen entre les clics de 4,6 s) émis par le cachalot numéro 2. Lorsqu'ils étaient sous l'eau, presque tous les sons produits étaient des « clics ordinaires » (intervalle moyen entre les clics de 0,96 et 0,69 s pour les deux cachalots) interrompus par des silences courts fréquents (durée moyenne de 21,06 et 27,82 s), et des « gémissements » occasionnels (avec des intervalles entre les clics de moins de 0,2 s) et des « clics lents ». Aucun code (représentations stéréotypées de clis) provenant de ces deux cachalots n'a été entendu. Ces résultats sont conformes aux hypothèses selon lesquelles les « clics ordinaires » et les« gémissements » servent à l'écholocation et les codes à la communication.

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cover image Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Volume 45Number 10October 1988
Pages: 1736 - 1743

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Version of record online: 11 April 2011

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