Efficacy of AS04-Adjuvanted Vaccine Against Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Types 16 and 18 in Clearing Incident HPV Infections: Pooled Analysis of Data From the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial and the PATRICIA Study

J Infect Dis. 2021 May 20;223(9):1576-1581. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa561.

Abstract

Clinical trial data and real-world evidence suggest that the AS04-adjuvanted vaccine targeting human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 (AS04-HPV-16/18) vaccine provides nearly 90% protection against cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or higher irrespective of type, among women vaccinated before sexual debut. This high efficacy is not fully explained by cross-protection. Although AS04-HPV-16/18 vaccination does not affect clearance of prevalent infections, it may accelerate clearance of newly acquired infections. We pooled data from 2 large-scale randomized controlled trials to evaluate efficacy of the AS04-HPV-16/18 vaccine against clearance of nontargeted incident infections. Results of our analysis do not suggest an effect in expediting clearance of incident infections.

Keywords: HPV; clearance; efficacy; progression; vaccination.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Costa Rica / epidemiology
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Human papillomavirus 16 / immunology
  • Human papillomavirus 18 / immunology
  • Humans
  • Papillomavirus Infections* / epidemiology
  • Papillomavirus Infections* / prevention & control
  • Papillomavirus Vaccines / immunology*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* / prevention & control
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* / virology

Substances

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Papillomavirus Vaccines