Parent Class:

EC-Numbers → 1 -- Oxidoreductases → 1.1 -- Acting on the CH-OH group of donors → 1.1.1 -- With NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor

Synonyms: lactaldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP⁺), GRE2 (gene name), methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH-dependent), lactaldehyde:NADP⁺ oxidoreductase

Systematic Name: (S)-lactaldehyde:NADP⁺ oxidoreductase

Unification Links: BRENDA:1.1.1.283, ENZYME:1.1.1.283, IUBMB-ExplorEnz:1.1.1.283

Reaction:
(S)-lactaldehyde + NADP⁺ ← methylglyoxal + NADPH + H⁺

Unofficial Reactions:
(2S,5S)-hexanediol + 2 NADP⁺ ← 2,5-hexanedione + 2 NADPH + 2 H⁺

Enzymes and Genes:
methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH-dependent) ( Escherichia coli K-12 substr. MG1655 )
glyoxal/methylglyoxal reductase: yvgN ( Bacillus subtilis subtilis 168 )
methylglyoxal reductase: GRE2 ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae )

Summary:
The enzyme from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae catalyses the reduction of a keto group in a number of compounds, forming enantiopure products. Among the substrates are methylglyoxal (which is reduced to (S)-lactaldehyde) [Murata85, Chen03], 3-methylbutanal [Muller10], 2,5-hexanedione [Muller10] and 3-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone [Choi10]. The enzyme differs from EC 1.1.1.78, methylglyoxal reductase (NADH), which is found in mammals, by its coenzyme requirement, reaction direction, and enantiomeric preference.

Citations: [Hauser07, Breicha10]

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References

Breicha10: Breicha K, Muller M, Hummel W, Niefind K (2010). "Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of Gre2p, an NADP(+)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 66(Pt 7);838-41. PMID: 20606287

Chen03: Chen CN, Porubleva L, Shearer G, Svrakic M, Holden LG, Dover JL, Johnston M, Chitnis PR, Kohl DH (2003). "Associating protein activities with their genes: rapid identification of a gene encoding a methylglyoxal reductase in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Yeast 20(6);545-54. PMID: 12722185

Choi10: Choi YH, Choi HJ, Kim D, Uhm KN, Kim HK (2010). "Asymmetric synthesis of (S)-3-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae reductase with high enantioselectivity." Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 87(1);185-93. PMID: 20111861

Hauser07: Hauser M, Horn P, Tournu H, Hauser NC, Hoheisel JD, Brown AJ, Dickinson JR (2007). "A transcriptome analysis of isoamyl alcohol-induced filamentation in yeast reveals a novel role for Gre2p as isovaleraldehyde reductase." FEMS Yeast Res 7(1);84-92. PMID: 16999827

Muller10: Muller M, Katzberg M, Bertau M, Hummel W (2010). "Highly efficient and stereoselective biosynthesis of (2S,5S)-hexanediol with a dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Org Biomol Chem 8(7);1540-50. PMID: 20237665

Murata85: Murata K, Fukuda Y, Simosaka M, Watanabe K, Saikusa T, Kimura A (1985). "Metabolism of 2-oxoaldehyde in yeasts. Purification and characterization of NADPH-dependent methylglyoxal-reducing enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Eur J Biochem 151(3);631-6. PMID: 3896793

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Please cite the following article in publications resulting from the use of MetaCyc: Caspi et al, Nucleic Acids Research 46(D1):D633-D639 2018
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