A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q T U V W X Y Z AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AJ
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superspreading
database.com		 light red cells indicate uncertainty light yellow cells contain placeholder data README ARTICLE PROJECT WEBSITE BUBBLE MAP TIMELINE MEDIA HOW TO CITE
***database actively updated until early 2021, sporadically thereafter***
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Note that the database is NOT a representative sample of superspreading events. Please read this article for more information about the limitations of the database
Cases: empty cell = no data
Risk factors: empty cell = no data
Precautions Take: empty cell = no data
Other: empty cell = no data
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Code Country City/Region Lat Long Setting1 Description Setting2 Setting3 Indoor / Outdoor Total Cases Cases at and/or Before Event Index Cases Secondary Cases Total Pop at Event Tertiary Cases Index Date (Day-Month) Reference Flu Season Setting 4:
Vocalizing		 Setting5: Refrigeration Face Mask Social Distancing Disinfection Hand Sanitizer Air Purification Ventilation Screening Duration Outcome Transmission Mode Date Added / Updated
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ARG1 Argentinia Ushuaia, Argentina -56.280 -62.6800 Ship: Fishing Echizen Maru fishing trawler Indoor / Outdoor 57 04/07/2020 SCMP yes yes 21/07/2020
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ATA1 Antarctica Antarctica Peninsula, Antarctica -71.724 -52.3676 Ship: Cruise MC Greg Mortimer cruise ship to Antarctica Indoor 128 15/03/2020 The Lighthouse no no 27/06/2020
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ATA2 Antarctica General Bernardo O'Higgins Base
Antarctica		 -63.322 -57.8989 Research base General Bernardo O’Higgins Riquelme research base Indoor 36 36 20/12/2020 Guardian yes 22/12/2020
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AUS01 Australia Melbourne, VIC, Australia -37.825 144.9787 Shopping Retail / Hospitality Indoor / Outdoor 40 01/04/2020 ABC no no 30/08/2020
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AUS02 Australia Melbourne, Victoria -37.872 144.9821 Hospital Indoor 15 22/03/2020 Herald Sun no no 30/08/2020
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AUS05 Australia Sydney, NSW, Australia -33.8686 151.2094 Ship: Cruise Ruby Princess Indoor 662 10/03/2020 Guardian article no no 30/08/2020
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AUS06 Australia Stanwell Tops, NSW, Australia -34.222 150.9715 Wedding Indoor / Outdoor 43 06/03/2020 Daily Mail article no yes no 30/08/2020
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AUS07 Australia Tasman Sea -35.622105 154.194614 Ship: Cruise Indoor 509 15/03/2020 Offshore Energy no no 30/08/2020
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AUS08 Australia Bondi Beach, New South Wales, Australia -33.89088 151.275343 Bar Bucket List Bar Party Indoor / Outdoor 20 15/03/2020 Sydney Morning Herald no yes no 25/06/2020
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AUS09 Australia Bondi Beach, New South Wales, Australia -33.79088 151.775343 Restaurant Bondi Hardware restaurant Dinner Indoor 10 15/03/2020 Sydney Morning Herald no no 25/06/2020
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AUS10 Australia Sydney, New South Wales, Australia -33.98 150.9 Bar Crossroads Hotel in south-west Sydney Indoor 34 03/07/2020 ABC News yes yes no 21/07/2020
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AUS11 Australia Ashburton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia -37.866 145.08 Childcare center Clever kids childcare center Indoor 21 14/07/2020 ABC News yes no 31/07/2020
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AUS12 Australia Truganina, Victoria, Australia -37.8 143.73 College Al Taqwa College Indoor 164 05/07/2020 7News yes no 31/07/2020
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AUS13 Australia Werribee, Victoria, Australia -37.9 144.6 Nursing home Glendale Aged Care Indoor 23 07/07/2020 ABC yes no 31/07/2020
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AUS14 Australia Heidelberg West, Victoria, Australia -37.748 145.04 Nursing home Estia Health’s Heidelberg West Indoor 34 10/07/2020 The Saturday Paper yes no 31/07/2020
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AUS15 Australia Essendon, Victoria, Australia -37.674 144.9 Nursing home Menarock LIFE aged care Essendon Indoor 55 01/07/2020 The Saturday Paper yes no 31/07/2020
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AUS16 Australia Bendigo, Victoria, Australia -36.769 144.28 School Primary School Indoor 16 07/08/2020 ABC yes no 12/08/2020
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AUS17 Australia Bendigo, Victoria, Australia -36.771 144.26 Meat Processing Hazeldene's Chicken Farm Indoor 20 08/08/2020 ABC yes yes yes 12/08/2020
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AUS18 Australia Geelong, Victoria, Australia -38.184 144.371 Meat Processing Golden Farms Poultry Indoor 44 08/08/2020 ABC yes yes yes 12/08/2020
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AUS19 Australia Cherrybrook, New South Wales, Australia -33.724 151.043 School Tangara School for Girls Indoor 17 08/08/2020 Daily Mail yes no 12/08/2020
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AUS20 Australia Geelong, Victoria, Australia -38.179 144.361 Nursing home Opal South Valley Indoor 38 15/07/2020 ABC yes no 12/08/2020
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AUS21 Australia Epping, Victoria, Australia -37.642 145.015 Nursing home Epping Gardens aged care Indoor 184 20/07/2020 ABC yes no 12/08/2020
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AUS22 Australia Fawkner, Victoria, Australia -37.705 144.97 Nursing home St Basil’s home for the aged Indoor 163 10/07/2020 Guardian yes no 12/08/2020
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AUS23 Australia Ardeer, Victoria, Australia -37.775 144.801 Nursing home Estia aged care facility in Ardeer Indoor 145 05/07/2020 Guardian yes no 12/08/2020
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AUS23 Australia Brooklyn, Victoria, Australia -37.8 144.805 Meat Processing Somerville Retail Services Indoor 165 05/07/2020 Guardian yes yes yes 12/08/2020
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AUS24 Australia Thomastown, Victoria, Australia -37.689 145.0147 Meat Processing Bertocchi Smallgoods Indoor 202 20/07/2020 ABC yes yes yes 12/08/2020
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AUS25 Australia Melbourne, Victoria, Australia -37.779 144.947 Rehabilitation / Medical Melbourne Health Royal Park Campus Campus Hotel Indoor 92 05/07/2020 Guardian yes no 12/08/2020
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AUS26 Australia Sydney, NSW, Australia -33.837 151.092 Hospital Concord hospital emergency department Indoor 11 11 06/09/2020 ABC yes no 11/09/2020
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AUS27 Australia Bundoora, Victoria, Australia -37.705 145.061 School Nino Early Learning Centre Indoor 45 15/07/2020 Guardian yes no 12/08/2020
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AUS28 Australia Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia -33.919 150.941 Dinner party Asymptomatic healthcare worker infects 4 friends at dinner partty at home Home Indoor 5 5 03/10/2020 ABC no no 10/10/2020
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AUS29 Australia Perth, Australia -29.009 132.3726 Plane 5 Hour domestic flight from Sydney to Perth, with 18 people already infected before the flight Indoor 26 26 1 8 241 19/03/2020 Speake et al no no no no x 5H testing, contact tracing, quarantining of close contacts of cases 26/11/2020
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AUS30 Australia Sydney, NSW, Australia -33.82 151.79 Church index case sang in choir during 4 church services Choir Indoor 13 13 12 508 16/07/2020 Katelaris et al yes yes no no yes 4 * 1 hour testing, quarantining of close contacts and people who tested positive suspected airborne transmission 05/04/2021
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AUT1 Austria Ischgl, Austria 47.0117464 10.2805853 Bar Indoor 16 03/03/2020 CNN article yes yes no 30/08/2020
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AUT2 Austria Losenstein, Austria 47.923 14.438 Choir: Practice Indoor 43 06/03/2020 LA Times yes yes no 17/09/2020
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AUT3 Austria Vöcklabruck, Upper Austria, Austria 48.005 13.653 Choir: Performance 11 singers in church choir Religious Indoor 15 11 4 18/10/2020 Kurier borderline yes no 09/11/2020
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AUT4 Austria Innsbruck, Austria 47.262 11.403 Choir Tiroler Landestheater Indoor 25 28/10/2020 Ages.at borderline yes no 12/11/2020
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AUT5 Austria Carinthia, Austria 46.671 14.491 Nursing home 5 staff, 14 employees Indoor 19 19 30/10/2020 Ages.at borderline no 12/11/2020
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AUT6 Austria Kindberg-Aumühl, Austria 47.493 15.431 Nursing home Indoor 21 21 01/10/2020 Kleine Zeitung no no 12/11/2020
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AUT7 Austria Niederösterreich, Austria 48.142 15.913 Choir: Practice Nursing home resident was member of choir where (s)he was infected Nursing home Indoor 28 17 23/10/2020 ORF.at borderline yes no 12/11/2020
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BEL1 Belgium Staden, Belgium 50.95 3.015 Meat Processing Cutting department of Westvlees meat processing plant Indoor 18 02/08/2020 Brussels Times no yes 05/08/2020
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BEL2 Belgium Lochristi, Belgium 51.092 3.859 Dinner Group dinner seniors Indoor 30 2 45 11/10/2020 VRT borderline no yes yes yes yes no 29/10/2020
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BEL3 Belgium Deinze, Belgium School: Primary Teacher likely index case who infected 18 of 26 students Indoor 19 19 1 18 26 12/10/2020 VRT no yes no yes Aerosol 23/11/2020
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BEL4 Belgium Mol, Belgium 51.17272718 5.1190037 Nursing home Masked and socially distanced Sinterklaas suspected index case infecting 57 nursing home residents Indoor 121 121 170 04/12/2020 Brussels Times yes no yes yes 12/12/2020
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BLZ1 Belize Belize City, Belize 17.449 -88.383 Prison Kolbe Foundation, Belize Central prison Indoor 90 90 190 27/10/2020 pressoffice.gov.bz no no 19/11/2020
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BOL1 Bolivia Oruro, Cochabamba, Bolivia -17.0326 -64.8612 Household Travel from Italy, contact with relatives Unknown 7 7 1 03/03/2020 Escalera-Antezana et al yes no 02/11/2020
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BRA01 Brazil Bahia State, Brazil -22.9839557 -43.2022163 Wedding / Engagement Indoor / Outdoor 60 07/03/2020 Guardian no yes no 30/08/2020
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BRA02 Brazil Rio de Janeiro, Brazil -22.906847 -43.172897 Wedding / Engagement Indoor / Outdoor 12 10/03/2020 Vejario no yes no 30/08/2020
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BRA03 Brazil Rondônia, Brazil -10.83077 -63.293072 Party Two parties Indoor 42 04/04/2020 Ultimo Segundo unclear yes no 30/08/2020
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BRA04 Brazil São Paulo, Brazil -23.55052 -46.633308 Party Indoor 14 31/03/2020 BBC unclear yes no 30/08/2020
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BRA05 Brazil Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul -28.287191 -52.350634 Meat Processing JBS poultry processing plant Indoor 94 09/04/2020 G1 no yes yes 30/08/2020
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BRA06 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.985596 -51.150566 Medical Indoor 32 24/04/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br no no 29/06/2020
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BRA07 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.99428 -51.162003 Medical Indoor 7 08/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA08 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.011925 -51.177973 Medical Indoor 5 10/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA09 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.02 -51.14 Other unknown 11 16/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA10 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.95 -51.12 Medical Indoor 27 18/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA11 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.02 -51.14 Medical Indoor 19 22/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA12 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.03 -51.145 Medical Indoor 15 24/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA13 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.025 -51.2 Medical Indoor 21 21/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA14 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.05 -51.195 Medical Indoor 191 26/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA15 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.055 -51.188 Other unknown 23 26/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA16 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.07 -51.07 Medical Indoor 25 30/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA17 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.065 -51.09 Medical Indoor 36 30/05/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br borderline no 29/06/2020
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BRA18 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.97428 -51.132003 Medical Indoor 11 04/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 30/06/2020
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BRA19 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.95 -51.135 Nursing home Indoor 23 04/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 30/06/2020
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BRA20 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.93 -51.16 Medical Indoor 13 05/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 30/06/2020
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BRA21 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.99 -51.17 Medical Indoor 10 18/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 30/06/2020
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BRA22 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.985 -51.165 Medical Indoor 26 18/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA23 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.982 -51.175 Medical Indoor 13 23/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA24 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.983 -51.177 Medical Indoor 60 24/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA25 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.15 -51.18 Nursing home Indoor 11 25/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA26 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.17 -51.179 Medical Indoor 12 27/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA27 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.13 -51.1679 Nursing home Indoor 13 28/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA28 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.135 -51.155 Other unknown 10 29/06/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA29 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.142 -51.165 Nursing home Indoor 23 01/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA30 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.141 -51.155 Other unknown 10 02/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA31 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.115 -51.123 Nursing home Indoor 11 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA32 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.055 -51.111 Other unknown 10 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA33 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.123 -51.143 Nursing home Indoor 14 10/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA34 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.985 -51.126 Nursing home Indoor 16 10/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA35 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.895 -51.156 Nursing home Indoor 10 11/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA36 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.884 -51.135 Nursing home Indoor 15 11/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA37 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.895 -51.145 Medical Indoor 25 14/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA38 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.8935 -51.19 Other unknown 17 15/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA39 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.899 -51.176 Nursing home Indoor 17 15/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA40 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -29.897 -50.99 Nursing home Indoor 13 19/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA41 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.057 -50.986 Nursing home Indoor 11 20/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRA42 Brazil Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul -30.886 -50.956 Other unknown 102 22/07/2020 PortoAlegre.rs.gov.br yes no 04/08/2020
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BRN1 Brunei Brunei 4.445 114.551 Religious Index case was somebody who was infected at MYS1 Indoor 26 9 1 12 5 05/03/2020 CDC yes no 16/11/2020
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CAN01 Canada Calgary, Alberta, Canada 51.028919 -113.951879 Religious Group prayer in local home Indoor 34 06/03/2020 Calgary Herald yes no 30/08/2020
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CAN02 Canada St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada 47.554022 -52.727451 Funeral Funerals Indoor / Outdoor 143 16/03/2020 CTV News yes no 04/09/2020
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CAN03 Canada Christopher Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada 53.540061 -105.783728 Party Snowmobile Club Meal Indoor 24 14/03/2020 CTV News yes yes no
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CAN04 Canada High River, Alberta, Canada 50.577379 -113.839292 Meat Processing High River's Cargill Indoor 1500 31/03/2020 Globe and Mail yes yes yes
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CAN05 Canada Edmonton, Canada 53.529273 -113.481736 Sports: Participation Curling Indoor 24 12/03/2020 National Post yes yes yes
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CAN06 Canada Toronto, Canada 44.543917 -78.546329 Nursing home Care Home Indoor 29 18/03/2020 CTV News article yes no
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CAN08 Canada Mission Institution, B. C., Canada 49.16414955 -122.2885178 Prison Indoor 132 31/03/2020 CTV News yes no
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CAN09 Canada Racine, Quebec, Canada 45.5036068 -72.2522645 Sports: Participation Hockey game + drinks Bar Indoor / Outdoor 15 29/02/2020 Montreal Gazette yes yes no
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CAN10 Canada Chilliwack, B. C., Canada 49.08489 -122.031333 Meat Processing Indoor 7 01/05/2020 The Chilliwack Progress yes yes yes 02/09/2020