Abstract
We reconstructed summer (June–September) minimum temperature for eastern Nepal over the past 288 years (1733–2020 CE), using a total tree-ring width chronology of Himalayan Larch (Larix griffithiana (Lindl. and Gord.)) from Kanchanjunga Conservation Area (KCA). This study is the first minimum temperature reconstruction for the eastern Himalaya region of Nepal. We examined the response of the Larix ring-width chronology to different climate variables including precipitation, and minimum, maximum and mean temperatures. Of all climatic variables, minimum temperature has the strongest correlation with tree-ring chronology. This response revealed that the growth of the L. griffithiana is limited by temperature-induced physiological behaviors during summer season. The reconstruction shows fluctuating warm and cool periods during the entire period and captures warming during recent decades. This increasing warming trend appears to be unprecedented in the context of the past 288 years. We observed short (2.5 years) and multidecadal (35, 43, 71 and 100 years) cyclicity, which suggests possible atmospheric teleconnection with the broader circulation system of Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). This possible teleconnection is further revealed in spatial field correlation and also supported by temporal comparison of the reconstruction with instrumental- and proxy-based AMO records.
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Data availability
The reconstructed temperature datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding and lead author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the Department of National Park and Wildlife Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal for providing permission to conduct field work in the Kanchanjunga Conservation Area (KCA). The authors also thank the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Government of Nepal for providing climate data. The author (SKS) would like to express his gratitude to the Director, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow for providing permission to conduct collaborative work with Nepal tree–ring researchers and part of this work is carried out under the Institute In-house Project 6 with permission number (BSIP/RDCC/45/2022-23). The authors are indebted to the anonymous reviewers and editor of the journal for their critical comments and valuable suggestions.
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Santosh K. Shah, Narayan P. Gaire, and Nivedita Mehrotra: study and worked on conceptualization; methodology; writing, original draft; writing, review and editing. Narayan P. Gaire, Bimal Sharma, Uday Kunwar Thapa, Prakash Chandra Aryal and Dinesh Raj Bhuju: carried out field work to collect tree core samples, processing and dating of the samples. Santosh K. Shah: carried out statistical data analysis and visualization. All authors read and approved the final manuscript and involved in review and editing.
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Gaire, N.P., Shah, S.K., Sharma, B. et al. Spatial minimum temperature reconstruction over the last three centuries for eastern Nepal Himalaya based on tree rings of Larix griffithiana. Theor Appl Climatol 152, 895–910 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-023-04432-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-023-04432-1