Abstract
To investigate the effect of dietary lysine levels on the growth performance and flesh quality of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in low-salinity water (2.5‰), shrimps with an initial body weight of (1.70 ± 0.02) g were fed three diets with lysine levels of 9.60, 24.94, and 34.71 g kg−1 respectively for 56 days. The results showed that the weight gain and flesh percentage were significantly increased (P < 0.05) at the lysine level of 24.94 g kg−1. The diet with 24.94 g kg−1 lysine promoted the conversion of fast myofibers into slow myofibers, increased myofiber density, and thus increased muscle hardness. Lysine deficiency (9.60 g kg−1) resulted in reduced muscular crude protein content, total hydrolyzed amino acid content, and antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05). Optimal lysine levels (24.94 g kg−1) increased total flavor amino acid content by increasing muscular free alanine and glutamate contents. Untargeted metabolic analysis based on the muscle showed that the differential metabolic pathway was glutathione metabolism among these three groups. Overall, the diet containing 24.94 g kg−1 lysine improves muscle growth and mediates the flesh quality of L. vannamei reared in low-salinity water by affecting muscle hardness, nutritional values, flavor, and antioxidant capacity.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Chuangju Li for providing essential facilities during the qRT–PCR analysis.
Funding
This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFD0900400).
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Juan Tian and Feng Huang designed the research; Meili Wu, Meifeng Li, Lijuan Yu, Ming Jiang, and Xing Lu conducted the experiments and analyzed the data; Meifeng Li, Meili Wu, Hua Wen, and Juan Tian wrote this paper; all the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
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Pacific white shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) are widely cultivated in China and are not listed as endangered or protected species. All animal care and use procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute (according to YFI 2018–40 of July 20, 2018). Pacific white shrimps were anesthetized with 30 mg eugenol L−1 water to minimum suffering before being assigned to cages and were anesthetized death with 60 mg eugenol L−1 water when sampling muscle and hepatopancreas in this experiment.
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Wu, M., Li, M., Wen, H. et al. Dietary lysine facilitates muscle growth and mediates flesh quality of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in low-salinity water. Aquacult Int 31, 603–625 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-022-00997-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-022-00997-2