Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Linking Family-of-Origin Experiences and Perpetration of Sexual Coercion: College Males’ Sense of Entitlement

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Child and Family Studies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Sexual coercion on college campuses has become of major concern in recent decades. In recent years, researchers and policy makers have called for greater attention to this topic in order to reduce the sexual violence on college campuses. Recent research has examined the impact of family-of-origin experiences on the perpetration of sexual coercion. The current study examines the association between family-of-origin experiences, such as warmth and hostility between parents, inconsistent parenting, and overparenting during childhood, and the perpetration of sexual coercion among emerging adult males while examining feelings of entitlement as a possible mediator. Data from 326 male undergraduate students were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results show that warmth and hostility between parents has a significant association with parenting behaviors (i.e., overparenting and inconsistent parenting) and that hostility between parents is associated with the perpetration of sexual coercion by the offspring in young adulthood for males. Also, findings suggest that while overparenting and inconsistent parenting during childhood are not directly associated with the perpetration of sexual coercion during emerging adulthood, they are strongly related to feelings of entitlement, which in turn was found to be associated with the perpetration of sexual coercion for males. These results have important implications for family life education, including relationship and parenting education, and for future research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adams-Curtis, L. E., & Forbes, G. B. (2004). College women’s experiences of sexual coercion: A review of cultural, perpetrator, victim, and situational variables. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 5, 91–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Almeida, D. M., Wethington, E., & Chandler, A. L. (1999). Daily transmission of tensions between marital dyads and parent-child dyads. Journal of Marriage and Family, 61, 49–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amato, P. R., & Booth, A. (2001). The legacy of parents’ marital discord: Consequences for children’s marital quality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 627–638.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barton, A. L., & Hirsch, J. K. (2016). Permissive parenting and mental health in college students: Mediating effects of academic entitlement. Journal of American College Health, 64, 1–8. doi:10.1080/07448481.2015.1060597.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barton, A. W., Futris, T. G., & Bradley, R. C. (2014). Changes following premarital education for couples with differing degrees of marital risk. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 40, 165–177.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11, 56–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop, J., & Lane, R. C. (2000). Father absence and the attitude of entitlement. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 30, 105–117. doi:10.1023/A:1003657300883.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop, J., & Lane, R. C. (2002). The dynamics and dangers of entitlement. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 19, 739–758.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouffard, L. A. (2010). Exploring the utility of entitlement in understanding sexual aggression. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38, 870–879.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bradford, K., Vaughn, L. B., & Barber, B. K. (2008). When there is conflict: Interparental conflict, parent child conflict and youth problem behaviors. Journal of Family Issues, 29, 780–805.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bushman, B. J., Bonacci, A. M., Van Dijk, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2003). Narcissism, sexual refusal, and aggression: Testing a narcissistic reactance model of sexual coercion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 1027–1040.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, W. K., Bonacci, A. M., Shelton, J., Exline, J. J., & Bushman, B. J. (2004). Psychological entitlement: Interpersonal consequences and validation of a self-report measure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 8, 29–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Capron, E. W. (2004). Types of pampering and the narcissistic personality trait. Journal of Individual Psychology, 60, 73–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carmines, E. G., & McIver, J. P. (1981). Analyzing models with unobserved variables: Analysis of covariance structures. In G. W. Bohmstedt, & E. F. Borgatta (Eds.), Social measurement (pp. 65–115). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Champion, D. R. (2003). Narcissism and Entitlement: Sexual aggression and the college male. New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cline, F., & Fay, J. (1990). Parenting with love and logic. Colorado Springs, CO: Pinon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conger, R. D., Cui, M., Bryant, C., & Elder, Jr., G. H. (2000). Competence in early adult romantic relationships: A developmental perspective on family influences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 224–237.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Conger, R. D., Elder, G. H., Lorenz, F. O., Simons, R. L., & Whitbeck, L. B. (1992). A family process model of economic hardship and influences on adjustment of early adolescent boys. Child Development, 63, 526–541.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Conger, R., & Elder, G. H. (1994). Families in troubled times: Adapting to change in rural America. New York: DeGruyter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cramer, P. (2011). Young adult narcissism: A 20 year longitudinal study of the contribution of parenting styles, preschool precursors of narcissism, and denial. Journal of Research in Personality, 45, 19–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, P. T., Harold, G. T., Goeke-Morey, M. C., & Cummings, E. M. (2002). Child emotional security and interparental conflict. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 67, 1–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ehrensaft, M. K., Cohen, P., Brown, J., Smailes, E., Chen, H., & Johnson, J. G. (2003). Intergenerational transmission of partner violence: A 20-year prospective study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 741–753.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Enders, C. K. (2001). The performance of the full information maximum likelihood estimation in multiple regression models with missing data. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 61, 713–740.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Felson, R. B. (2002). Violence and gender reexamined. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Fincham, F., Grych, J., & Osborne, L. (1994). Does marital conflict cause child maladjustment? Directions and challenges for longitudinal research. Journal of Family Psychology, 8, 128–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, B. S., Cullen, F. T., & Turner, M. G. (2000). The sexual victimization of college women. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hines, D. A. (2007). Predictors of sexual coercion against women and men: A multilevel, multinational study of university students. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 36, 403–422.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keller, P. S., Blincoe, S., Gilbert, L. R., Dewall, N., Haak, E. A., & Widiger, T. (2014). Narcissism in romantic relationships: A dyadic perspective. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 33, 25–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kinsfogel, K. M., & Grych, J. H. (2004). Interparental conflict and adolescent dating relationships: Integrating cognitive, emotional, and peer influences. Journal of Family Psychology, 18, 505–515.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. 2nd edn. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnakumar, A., & Buehler, C. (2000). Interparental conflict and parenting behaviors: a meta-analytic review. Family Relations, 49, 24–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linder, J. R., & Collins, W. A. (2005). Parent and peer predictors of physical aggression and conflict management in romantic relationships in early adulthood. Journal of Family Psychology, 19, 252–262.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Margolin, G., Gordis, E. B., & John, R. S. (2001). Coparenting: a link between marital conflict and parenting in two parent families. Journal of Family Psychology, 15, 3–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Merrifield, K. A., & Gamble, W. C. (2012). Associations among marital qualities, supportive and undermining coparenting, and parenting self-efficacy: Testing spillover and stress-buffering processes. Journal of Family Issues, 34, 510–533.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Minuchin, S. (1974). Families and family therapy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2012). Mplus User’s Guide. 7th edn. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parke, R. D., Kim, M., Flyr, M., McDowell, D. J., Simpkins, S. D., Killian, C. M., et al. (2001). Managing marital conflict: Links with children’s peer relationships. In J. Grych, & F. Fincham (Eds.), Interparental conflict and child development: Theory, research, and applications (pp. 64–97). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., Reid, J. B., & Dishion, T. J. (1992). Antisocial boys. Eugene, OR: Castalia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piff, P. K. (2014). Wealth and the inflated self: Class, entitlement, and narcissism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, 34–43. doi:10.1177/0146167213501699.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reese-Weber, M., & Bartle-Haring, S. (1998). Conflict resolution styles in family subsystems and adolescent romantic relationships. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 27, 735–752.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reitzel-Jaffe, D., & Wolfe, D. (2001). Predictors of relationship abuse among young men. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16, 99–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rossman, B. B. R., & Rea, J. G. (2005). The relation of parenting styles and inconsistencies to adaptive functioning for children in conflictual and violent families. Journal of Family Violence, 20, 261–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Segrin, C., Givertz, M., Swaitkowski, P., & Montgomery, N. (2015). Overparenting is associated with child problems and critical family environment. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24, 470–479.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Segrin, C., Woszildo, A., Givertz, M., & Montgomery, N. (2013). Parent and child traits associated with overparenting. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 32, 569–595.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Segrin, C., Woszildo, A., Givertz, M., Bauer, A., & Murphy, M. T. (2012). The association between overparenting, parent-child communication, and entitlement and adaptive traits in adult children. Family Relations, 61, 237–252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simons, L. G., Burt, C. H., & Simons, R. L. (2008). A test of explanations for the effect of harsh parenting on the perpetration of dating violence and sexual coercion among college males. Violence and Victims, 23, 66–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Simons, L. G., Burt, C. H., & Tambling, R. (2013). Identifying mediators for the influence of family factors on risky sexual behavior. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22, 460–470.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simons, L. G., Simons, R. L., Lei, M. K., & Sutton, T. E. (2012a). Exposure to harsh parenting and pornography as explanations for males’ sexual coercion and females’ sexual victimization. Violence and Victims, 3, 378–395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simons, L. G., Simons, R. L., Lei, M. K., Hancock, D. L., & Fincham, F. D. (2012b). Parental warmth amplifies the negative effect of parental hostility on dating violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27, 2603–2626. doi:10.1177/0886260512436387.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Simons, R. L., Simons, L. G., & Wallace, L. E. (2004). Families, delinquency, and crime: Linking society’s most basic institution to antisocial behavior. Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury Publishing Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. Sociological Methodology, 13, 290 –312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg, J. S., Davilla, J., & Fincham, F. D. (2006). Adolescent marital expectations and romantic experiences: Associations with perceptions about parental conflict and adolescent attachment security. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 333–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stocker, C. M., & Richmond, M. K. (2007). Longitudinal associations between hostility in adolescents’ family relationships and hostility in their romantic relationships. Journal of Family Psychology, 21, 490–497.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sutton, T. E., & Simons, L. G. (2015). Sexual coercion among college students: Family of origin hostility, attachment, and the hook-up culture as risks. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 24, 2827–2840. doi:10.1007/s10826-014-0087-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2003). Isn’t it fun to get the respect we’re going to deserve? Narcissism, social rejection, and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 261–272.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tyler, K. A., Hoyt, D. R., & Whitbeck, L. (1998). Coercive sexual strategies. Violence and Victims, 13, 47–61.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Watson, P. J., Grisham, S. O., Trotter, M. V., & Biderman, M. D. (1984). Narcissism and empathy: Validity evidence for the narcissistic personality inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 45, 159–162.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Evin W. Richardson.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional review board and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Richardson, E.W., Simons, L.G. & Futris, T.G. Linking Family-of-Origin Experiences and Perpetration of Sexual Coercion: College Males’ Sense of Entitlement. J Child Fam Stud 26, 781–791 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0592-5

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0592-5

Keywords

Navigation