Abstract
Harpadon nehereus is an ecologically and commercially important fish species. To investigate the phylogeographic pattern and historical demography of H. nehereus, a 1073 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene was analyzed in 305 individuals collected from 13 locations in China offshore. In total, 41 haplotypes and 42 polymorphic sites were detected. Mean haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity were remarkably low with a range from 0.1630 ± 0.0990 to 0.4113 ± 0.1308 and 0.0002 ± 0.0002 to 0.0007 ± 0.0006, respectively. Insignificant genealogical branches corresponding to sampling locations were revealed both in maximum likelihood (ML) and minimum spanning (MS) trees. The AMOVA and pairwise Fst values indicated shallow genetic structure and the slight genetic variation mainly originated within individuals. Both mismatch distribution analysis and neutrality tests showed H. nehereus had undergone population expansion, which possibly occurred 0.07 million years ago. The bottleneck effect and recent population expansion, combined with larval drift in the ocean current, could be the critical factors in shaping the contemporary phylogeographic patterns and genetic structure of H. nehereus. Our result suggested that H. nehereus in China’s coastal waters may be regarded as an integrated fishery management unit from the perspective of marine resource protection and sustainable utilization. But further researches and comprehensive considerations were still necessary too.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to express our sincere thanks to Peijun Zhang, Yanjun Lin, and Zehao Guo for their helps in sample collecting. We also thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for suggestions on the manuscript.
Funding
This study was supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Zhoushan (2022C41022) and the Science and Technology Innovation Project of College Students in Zhejiang Province (2021R411008).
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The care and use of experimental animals complied with the guidelines approved by Zhejiang Ocean University animal welfare laws, guidelines, and policies as approved by Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Ocean University.
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The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article. All sequences are available in the GenBank database and can be accessed through the accession numbers OP611129-OP611169.
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XH conceived and performed the experiments. YJ analyzed the data. XH wrote the original draft. TY reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.
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Huang, X., Jiang, Y. & Yang, T. Genetic variation and phylogeographic patterns of Harpadon nehereus in China offshore inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) sequences: with implications for its fishery management. Mar. Biodivers. 54, 18 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-024-01411-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-024-01411-1