Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Citizenship as (Not)Belonging? Contesting the Replication of Gendered and Ethnicised Exclusions in Post-Dayton Bosnia-Herzegovina

  • Chapter
Beyond Citizenship?

Part of the book series: Citizenship, Gender and Diversity ((FEMCIT))

Abstract

In recent years scholars have sought to rethink, expand and reshape the idea of citizenship, challenging its exclusionary impasse and reigniting its relevance in the contemporary global moment.1 Feminist theorists have striven to reformulate citizenship through the lens of gender and to mobilise the language of citizenship to produce a more nuanced and inclusive concept, which is shaped by different axes of identity and multiple senses of belonging (Pateman, 1988; Young, 1989, 2000; Siim, 2000; Siim and Squires, 2008). In this they have succeeded in producing multidimensional understandings that transcend the strictly institutional domain of formal politics to include the broader historical, cultural, social and personal contexts which shape notions and practices of citizenship (Halsaa, Roseneil and Sümer, 2012). These theoretical endeavours identify citizenship as a dialogical and heterogeneous process (Mouffe, 2005) that encompasses multilayered identities and multiple senses of belonging (Yuval-Davis, 1999). Importantly, they also envisage instances of emancipatory politics, participation and political agency in a broad variety of locales (Lister, 2003).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Selected Bibliography

  • Afshar, H. (2003) ‘Women and Wars: Some Trajectories Towards a Feminist Peace,’ Development in Practice 13(2 & 3), 178–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agamben, G. (1998) Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Agamben, G. (1997) Mezzi Senza Fine. Note Sulla Politica (Means without Ends) (Torino: Bollati Boringhieri).

    Google Scholar 

  • Albanese, P. (2001) ‘Nationalism, War, and Archaization of Gender Relations in the Balkans,’ Violence Against Women 7, 999–1023.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alison, M. (2009) Women and Political Violence: Female Combatants in Ethno-National Conflict (London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Alison, M. (2007) ‘Wartime Sexual Violence: Women’s Human Rights and Questions of Masculinity,’ Review of International Studies 33, 75–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, C. and Howard J. A. (2000) Provoking Feminisms (London: University of Chicago Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Amnesty International (2009) Whose Justice? The Women of Bosnia and Herzegovina are Still Waiting. Available at http://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/report/women-raped-during-bosnia-herzegovina-conflict-waiting-justice-20090930 (accessed 06 October 2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B. (1991) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (London: Verso).

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, S. (2000) ‘Crossing the Lines: Women’s Organizations in Conflict Resolutions,’ Development 43(3), 34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anthias, F. and Yuval-Davis, N. (1989) Woman, Nation, State (Houndmills, Basingstoke and Hampshire: MacMillan).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieber, F. (2006) Post-war Bosnia: Ethnicity, Inequality and Public Sector Governance (New York: Palgrave MacMillan).

    Google Scholar 

  • Billig, M. (1995) Banal Nationalism (London and Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage).

    Google Scholar 

  • Belloni, R. (2007) State Building and International Intervention in Bosnia (London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Belloni, R. (2001) ‘Civil Society and Peacebuilding in Bosnia and Herzegovina,’ Journal of Peace Research 38(2), 163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, D. (1998) National Deconstruction: Violence, Identity and Justice in Bosnia, (Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chikin, C. and Paradine K. (2001) ‘Vision and Reality: Democracy and Citizenship of Women in the Dayton Peace Accords,’ The Yale Journal of International Law 26, 103–178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockburn, C. (2010) ‘Gender Relations as Casual in Militarization and War,’ International Feminist Journal of Politics 12(2), 139–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cockburn, C. (2007) From Where We Stand. War, Women’s Activism and Feminist Analysis (London: Zed Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockburn, C. (2002), ‘Women’s Organizations in the Rebuilding of Bosnia-Herzegovina’ in C. Cockburn and D. Zarkov (eds.) The Postwar Moment: Militaries, Masculinities and International Peacekeeping, Bosnia and the Netherlands (London: Lawrence & Wishart).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockburn, C. (2000) ‘The Continuum of Violence. A Gender Perspective on War and Peace’ in W. M. Giles and J. Hyndman (eds.) Sites of Violence: Gender and Conflict Zones (London: University of California Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockburn, C. (1998) The Space Between Us: Negotiating Gender and National Identities in Conflict (London: Zed Books)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockburn, C. and Zarkov, D. (eds.) (2002) The Postwar Moment: Militaries, Masculinities and International Peacekeeping, Bosnia and the Netherlands (London: Lawrence & Wishart).

    Google Scholar 

  • Connell, R. W. (2002) ‘Masculinities, The Reduction of Violence, and the Pursuit of Peace’ in C. Cockburn and D. Zarkov (eds.) The Postwar Moment: Militaries, Masculinities and International Peacekeeping, Bosnia and the Netherlands (London: Lawrence & Wishart).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohn, C., Kinsella, H. and Gibbings, S. (2004) ‘Women, Peace and Security: Resolution 1325,’ International Feminist Journal of Politics 6(1), 130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deiana, M.-A. (2011) Gender, Citizenship and the Promises of Peace: The Case of Bosnia-Herzegovina (Unpublished) PhD thesis (Belfast: Queen’s University Belfast).

    Google Scholar 

  • Einhorn, B. (1993) Cinderella Goes to Market: Citizenship, Gender, and Women’s Movements in East Central Europe (London: Verso).

    Google Scholar 

  • Enloe, C. (2002), ‘Demilitarization- or More of the Same?’ in C. Cockburn and D. Zarkov (eds.) The Postwar Moment: Militaries, Masculinities and International Peacekeeping, Bosnia and the Netherlands (London: Lawrence & Wishart).

    Google Scholar 

  • Enloe, C. (2000) Maneuvers: The International Politics of Militarizing Women’s Lives (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Enloe, C. (1989) Bananas, Beaches & Bases. Making Feminist Sense of International Politics (London: University of California Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fagan, A. (2006) ‘Civil Society Ten Years after Dayton’ in D. Chandler (ed.) Peace without Politics? Ten Years of International State Building in Bosnia (London and New York: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferrara, C. (2008) “Kristalnacht in Sarajevo”, available at http://www.balcanicaucaso.org/eng/Regions-and-countries/Bosnia-and-Herzegovina/Kristalnacht-in-Sarajevo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grewal, I. (1999) ‘Women’s Rights as Human Rights: Feminist Practices, Global Feminism, and Human Rights Regimes in Transnationality,’ Citizenship Studies 3(3), 337–354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guzina, D. (2007) ‘Dilemmas of Nation-building and Citizenship in Dayton Bosnia,’ National Identities 9(3), 217–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Halsaa, B., Roseneil, S. and Sümer S. (2012) Remaking Citizenship in Multicultural Europe. Women’s Movements, Gender and Diversity (Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Handrahan, L. (2004) ‘Conflict, Gender, Ethnicity and Post-Conflict Reconstruction,’ Security Dialogue 35(4), 429–445.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helms, E. (2003a) Gendered Visions of the Bosnian Future: Women’s Activism and Representation in Post-war Bosnia-Herzegovina, PhD thesis, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helms, E. (2003b) ‘Women as Agents of Ethnic Reconciliation Women’s NGOs and International Intervention in Post-war Bosnia-Herzegovina,’ Women’s Studies International Forum 26, 15–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helms, E. (2003c) ‘Gender Essentialism and Women’s Activism in Post-war Bosnia-Herzegovina’ in W. M. Giles (ed.) Feminist Under Fire: Exchanges across War Zones (Toronto: Between the Lines), pp. 181–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hilsdon, A. M., Mackie, V. and Stivens, M. (eds.) (2000) Human Rights and Gender Politics: Asia Pacific Perspectives (London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Horowitz, D. L. (2000) Ethnic Groups in Conflict (London and Berkeley, CA: University of California Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hromadzic, A. (2006) ‘Challenging the Discourse of the Bosnian War Rapes’ in J. E. Johnson and J. C. Robinson (eds.) Living with Gender after Communism (Bloomington, IN: University of Indiana Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Husanovic, J. (2009) ‘The Politics of Gender, Witnessing, Postcoloniality and Trauma. Bosnian Feminist Trajectories,’ Feminist Theory 10, 99–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jayawardena, K. (1986) Feminism and Nationalism in the Third World (London: Zed Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaldor, M. (2001) New and Old Wars. Organised Violence in a Global Era (Cambridge: Polity Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kandiyoti, D. (2007) ‘Between the Hammer and the Anvil: Post-conflict Reconstruction, Islam and Women’s Rights,’ Third World Quarterly 28(3), 503–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kandiyoti, D. (1996) ‘Women, Ethnicity and Nationalism’ in J. Hutchinson and A. Smith (eds.) Ethnicity (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Karam, A. (2000) ‘Women in War and Peace-building: The Roads Traversed, The Challenges Ahead,’ International Feminist Journal of Politics 3(1), 2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kesić, O. (1999) ‘Women and Gender Imagery in Bosnia: Amazons, Sluts, Victims, Witches and Wombs’ in S. Ramet (ed.) Gender Politics in the Western Balkans (Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Korac, M. (2006) ‘Gender, Conflict and Peace-building: Lessons from the Conflict in the Former Yugoslavia,’ Women’s Studies International Forum 29(5), 510–520.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korac, M. (2003) ‘Women’s Organizing against Ethnic Nationalism and War in the Post-Yugoslav States’ in W. M. Giles (ed.) Feminist under Fire: Exchanges across War Zones. (Toronto: Between the Lines), pp. 23–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, K. (ed.) (2001) Women and Civil War. Impact, Organization and Action (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kvinna till Kvinna. (2000) Engendering the Peace Process. A Gender Approach to Dayton and Beyond. Available at: http://kvinnatillkvinna.se/sites/default/files/File/Rapporter/engendering_the_peace_process.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lijphart, A. (1977) Democracy in Plural Societies. A Comparative Exploration (London: Yale University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lister, R. (2003) Citizenship: Feminist Perspectives, 2nd edn (New York: University Press, Washington Square).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lukić, J. (2006) ‘Poetics, Politics and Gender’ in J. Lukić, J. Reguslka and D. Zavirs¸ek (eds.) Women and Citizenship in Central and Eastern Europe (London: Ashgate).

    Google Scholar 

  • Milić, A. 1993, ‘Women and Nationalism in the Former Yugoslavia’ in N. Funk and M. Mueller (eds.) Gender Politics and Post-Communism (London: Routledge), pp. 109–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohanty, C. T. (2003) Feminism without Borders: Decolonizing Theory, Practicing Solidarity (Durham, NC: Duke University Press).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Moranjak-Bamburac, N. (2003) ‘Segni di morte ed etica della scrittura delle donne’ (Signs of Death and Ethics in Women’s Writing) in M. Bacchi and M. Richter (eds.) Le Guerre Cominciano a Primavera: Soggetti e Genere nel Conflitto Yugoslavo (Rubettino Editore).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mostov, J. (1999) ‘Sexing the Nation/Desexing the Body. Politics of National Identity in the Former Yugoslavia’ in T. Mayer (ed.) Gender Ironies of Nationalism (London: Routlegde).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mouffe, C. (2005) The Return of the Political (London and New York: Verso).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mujkic, A. (2007) ‘We, the Citizens of Ethnopolis,’ Constellations 14(1), 111–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Papić, Z. (1994) ‘From State Socialism to State Nationalism: The Case of Serbia in Gender Perspective,’ Refuge 14(3), 10–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paris, R. (2004) At War’s End. Building Peace after Civil Conflict (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pateman, C. (1988) The Sexual Contract (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters, J. and Wolper, A. (1995) Women’s Rights, Human Rights: International Feminist Perspectives (London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pupavac, V. (2006) ‘Empowering Women? An Assessment of International Gender Policies in Bosnia’ in D. Chandler (ed.) Peace without Politics? Ten Years of International State Building in Bosnia (London and New York: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pupavac, V. (2010) ‘Weaving Postwar Reconstruction in Bosnia? The Attractions and Limitations of NGO Gender Development Approaches,’ Journal of Intervention and State Building, 4(4), 475–493.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puri, J. (2004) ‘Redoubtable Essences: Nationalism and Genders’ in J. Puri (ed.) Encountering Nationalism (Oxford: Blackwell).

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Radcliffe, S. and Westwood, S. (1996) Remaking the Nation: Place, Identity and Politics in Latin America (London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rees, M. (2002) ‘International Intervention in Bosnia-Herzegovina: The Cost of Ignoring Gender’ in C. Cockburn and D. Zarkov (eds.) The Postwar Moment: Militaries, Masculinities and International Peacekeeping, Bosnia and the Netherlands (London: Lawrence & Wishart).

    Google Scholar 

  • Reilly, N. (2007) ‘Cosmopolitan Feminism and Human Rights,’ Hypatia 22(4), 180–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rener, T. and Ule, M. (1998) ‘Back to the Future. Nationalism and Gender in Post-Socialist Societies’ in R. Wilford and R. Miller (eds.) Women, Ethnicity and Nationalism (London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarajlić, E. (2010a) “A Citizenship Beyond the Nation-State: Dilemmas of the ‘Europeanisation’ of Bosnia and Herzegovina”, CITSEE Working Paper Series 2010/09, available at http://law.ed.ac.uk/citsee (accessed 11 April 2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarajlić, E. (2010b) “The Bosnian Triangle: Ethnicity, Politics and Citizenship”, CITSEE Working Paper Series 2010/06, available at http://law.ed.ac.uk/citsee (accessed 11 April 2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • Siim, B. (2000) Gender and Citizenship. Politics and Agency in France, Britain and Denmark (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Siim, B. and Squires, J. (2008) Contesting Citizenship (London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Silber, L. and Little, A. (1996) The Death of Yugoslavia (London: Penguin Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Slapšak, S. (2008) ‘The After-War War of genders: Misogyny, Feminist Ghettoization, and the Discourse of Responsibility in Post-Yugoslav Societies’ in S. Bahun-Radunovic (ed.) Violence and gender in the Globalized World. The Intimate and the Extimate (Aldershot: Ashgate).

    Google Scholar 

  • Slapšak, S. (2002) ‘Identities Under Threat on the Eastern Borders’ in G. Griffin and R. Braidotti (eds.) Thinking Differently. A Reader in European Women’s Studies (London: Zed Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Slapšak, S. (2001) ‘The Use of Women and the Role of Women in the Yugoslav War’ in I. Skjelsbaek and D. Smith (eds.) Gender, Peace and Conflict (London: Sage), pp. 161–183.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Slapšak, S. (1997) ‘Nationalist and Women’s discourse in Post-Yugoslavia’ in J. Scott, C. Kaplan and D. Keates (eds.) Transitions, Environments, Translations. Feminisms in International Politics (New York: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Spahic-Siljak, Z. (2010) CEDAW in Bosnia and Herzegovina, available at http://www.omeworldsee.org/print/19971 (accessed 08 June 2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • Spike Peterson, V. (1990) ‘Whose Rights? A Critique of the ‘Givens’ in Human Rights Discourse,’ Alternatives 15(3), 303–344.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg, D. (2009) “The Very Model of a Modern SRSG: The New World of UN Peacekeeping Missions”, Presentation by Donald Steinberg, Deputy President, International Crisis Group to the UN Senior Mission Leaders Program, 17 July 2009, available at http://www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm?id=6231&l=1 (accessed 11 August 2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stivens, M. (2000) ‘Introduction. Gender Politics and the Reimagining of Human Rights in the Asia-Pacific’ in A. M. Hilsdon, V. Mackie and M. Stivens (eds.) Human Rights and Gender Politics: Asia Pacific Perspectives (London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tryggestad, T. L. (2009) ‘Trick or Treat? The UN and Implementation of Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace, and Security,’ Global Governance 15, 539–557.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walsh, M. (2001) ‘Women’s Organisations in Post-Conflict Bosnia and Herzegovina’ in K. Kumar (ed.) Women and Civil War. Impact, Organization and Action (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers).

    Google Scholar 

  • Walsh, M. (2000) ‘Aftermath: the Role of Women’s Organizations in Postconflict Bosnia And Herzegovina’, Working Paper No. 308, (Washington, DC: USAID Center for Development Information and Evaluation).

    Google Scholar 

  • West, L. (ed.) (1997) Feminist Nationalism (New York: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilford, R. and Miller R. (eds.) (1998) Women, Ethnicity and Nationalism (London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, I. M. (2000) Inclusion and Democracy (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, I. M. (1989) ‘Polity and Group Difference: A Critique of the Ideal of Universal Citizenship,’ Ethics 99(2), 250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuval-Davis, N. (2007) ‘Intersectionality, Citizenship and Contemporary Politics of Belonging,’ Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 10(4), 561.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuval-Davis, N. (2006) ‘Intersectionality and Feminist Politics,’ European Journal of Women’s Studies 13(3), 193–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuval-Davis, N. (1999) ‘The ‘Multi-Layered Citizen,’ International Feminist Journal of Politics 1(1), 119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuval-Davis, N. (1997a) Gender & Nation (London and Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuval-Davis, N., Werbner, P. and International Centre for Contemporary Cultural Research (1999) Women, Citizenship and Difference (London: Zed Books in association with the International Centre for Contemporary Cultural Research).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zalewsky, M. (2004) ‘Well, What is the Feminist Perspective on Bosnia?,’ International Affairs 71(2), 339–356.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zarcov, D. (2007) The Body of War. Media Ethnicity and Gender in the Break-Up of Yugoslavia (Durham, NC: Duke University Press).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Žene Ženama (2011) Participation of the Public in Human Security UNSCR 1325 Bosnia-Herzegovina. Available at http://www.zenezenama.org/eng/document/Final_Report_1325_UNSCR.pdf (accessed 13 August 2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • Žene Ženama (2007) Monitoring and Impementation of UN SCR 1325 In Bosnia and Herzegovina. Final Report. Sarajevo. Available at http://www.Ženezenama.com.ba/eng/index1.html (accessed 08 October 2009).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Maria-Andreana Deiana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Birkbeck, University of London, UK

    Sasha Roseneil

Copyright information

© 2013 Maria-Andreana Deiana

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Deiana, MA. (2013). Citizenship as (Not)Belonging? Contesting the Replication of Gendered and Ethnicised Exclusions in Post-Dayton Bosnia-Herzegovina. In: Roseneil, S. (eds) Beyond Citizenship?. Citizenship, Gender and Diversity. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137311351_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation