The Bright Side of Threatened Narcissism: Improved Performance Following Ego Threat
Corresponding Author
Barbora Nevicka
University of Amsterdam
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Barbora Nevicka, University of Amsterdam, Program on Brain and Cognition, Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Weesperplein 4, 1018 XA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Email: [email protected].Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Barbora Nevicka
University of Amsterdam
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Barbora Nevicka, University of Amsterdam, Program on Brain and Cognition, Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Weesperplein 4, 1018 XA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Email: [email protected].Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Narcissistic individuals have highly positive self-views and overestimate their abilities. Consequently, they tend to react aggressively whenever they receive information that does not match their high self-views (ego threat). We argue that focusing on aggression merely portrays a one-sided view of narcissistic individuals and the manner in which they counter ego threats. We propose that following ego threat, narcissism can also fuel performance. In four studies, we measured nonclinical narcissism and allocated Dutch undergraduate university students (N1 = 175, N2 = 142, N3 = 159, N4 = 174) to either an ego threat or a no ego threat condition. Ego threat involved negative feedback (Studies 1–2) or threat to uniqueness (Studies 3–4). We measured participants’ intentions to complete a challenging task (Study 1), their creative performance (Studies 2–3), and their performance on an anagram task (Study 4). Across Studies 1–3, we consistently found that following ego threat, higher nonclinical narcissism was associated with greater willingness to perform tasks that enabled demonstration of abilities and enhanced creative performance. These results were confirmed using a meta-analysis. However, anagram performance was not enhanced following ego threat. We provide additional analyses that might help explain this. Our findings thus reveal a more positive side to the way narcissistic individuals manage threats to their self-image.
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